| 1. |
- Hasan, Md. Kamrul, et al.
(författare)
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Herbal therapies for pain management : a scoping review of the current evidence
- 2024
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Ingår i: Phytochemistry Reviews. - : Springer. - 1568-7767 .- 1572-980X.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pain is a common symptom which can result in disability and lower quality of life. The current review covers the use of medicinal plants as an alternative therapy for pain relief, as traditional painkillers like NSAIDs, opioids, and antidepressants can have serious side effects. Medicinal plants are effective, easily available, low-cost, and have fewer side effects. The review examines commonly used medicinal plants, their active components, their pharmacological activity, and their mechanism of action for different types of pain in humans and animal models. The review also discusses the use of herbal therapies for pain in various conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathies, osteoarthritis, dysmenorrhea, headache, migraine, wounds, low back pain, and chest pain, and weighs the advantages and disadvantages of using herbal therapies in light of recent research.
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| 2. |
- Magnusson, Patrik K. E., et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Twin Registry : establishment of a biobank and other recent developments
- 2013
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - Cambridge, United Kingdom : Cambridge University Press. - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 16:1, s. 317-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Twin Registry (STR) today contains more than 194,000 twins and more than 75,000 pairs have zygosity determined by an intra-pair similarity algorithm, DNA, or by being of opposite sex. Of these, approximately 20,000, 25,000, and 30,000 pairs are monozygotic, same-sex dizygotic, and opposite-sex dizygotic pairs, respectively. Since its establishment in the late 1950s, the STR has been an important epidemiological resource for the study of genetic and environmental influences on a multitude of traits, behaviors, and diseases. Following large investments in the collection of biological specimens in the past 10 years we have now established a Swedish twin biobank with DNA from 45,000 twins and blood serum from 15,000 twins, which effectively has also transformed the registry into a powerful resource for molecular studies. We here describe the main projects within which the new collections of both biological samples as well as phenotypic measures have been collected. Coverage by year of birth, zygosity determination, ethnic heterogeneity, and influences of in vitro fertilization are also described.
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| 3. |
- Rahman, Iffat, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical depression, antidepressant use and risk of future cardiovascular disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 28:7, s. 589-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many studies have shown that depression contributes to a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Use of antidepressants and its association with CVD development has also been investigated previously but the results have been conflicting. Further, depression and use of antidepressants have been more widely studied in relation to coronary heart disease rather than stroke. A population-based cohort study consisting of 36,654 Swedish elderly twins was conducted with a follow-up of maximum 4 years. Information on exposures, outcomes and covariates were collected from the Swedish national patient registers, the Swedish prescribed drug registry and the Swedish twin registry. Depression and antidepressant use were both associated with CVD development. The risk was most pronounced among depressed patients who did not use antidepressants (HR 1. 48, CI 1.10-2.00). When assessing the two main CVD outcomes coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke separately, the predominant association was found for ischemic stroke while it was absent for coronary heart disease. The association between depression and stroke also remained significant when restricting to depression diagnoses occurring at least 10 years before baseline. The study supports that depression is a possible risk factor for development of CVD. Moreover, the hazard rate for CVD outcomes was highest among depressed patients who had not used antidepressants. The association with clinical depression is more marked in relation to stroke and disappears in relation to development of coronary heart disease.
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| 4. |
- Rahman, Iffat
(författare)
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Molecular and psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally, and a major contributor to disability. There exist several well-established CVD risk factors, many of which are used in clinical practice. Nonetheless, these risk factors do not fully explain why certain individuals develop CVD. Several additional risk factors for CVD have been proposed which deserve to be examined further in prospective studies. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology of well established and promising risk factors for CVD. In study I, we estimated the additive and non-additive genetic components contributing to variation in established CVD biomarkers. We could show that all of the traits were to some extent influenced by genetics, and that many of them were under the influence of nonadditive genetic effects. In study II, we examined how variation in anti-PC levels and Lp-PLA2 activityis explained by genetic and environmental effects and how these effects are shared with other established CVD biomarkers. Both of these traits were found to be affected by genetic and environmental effects, Lp-PLA2 activity was moderately correlated with several of the other biomarkers while anti-PC appeared to be regulated independently of more established CVD biomarkers. In study III, we investigated whether clinical depression and use of antidepressants are associated with CVD outcome. Further, we examined if the associations were more specific for CHD or ischemic stroke. Depression was found to be a possible risk factor for the development of CVD, more specifically stroke. In study IV, we investigated if individuals with any record of clinical depression or self-reported depressive symptoms had an increased risk for incident stroke after adjusting for a range of stroke risk factors. The association between depression and stroke could not be accounted for by traditional stroke risk factors. In conclusion, CVD is a highly complex disorder affected by a multitude of risk factors, which in themselves are influenced by both our genetic make-up and environmental exposure. Although there exist well-established CVD risk factors useful in CVD risk assessment, novel CVD risk factors should be more thoroughly investigated in future studies. Such studies might not only add information that would be useful in CVD risk stratification, they could also enhance our biological understanding of this complex disorder.
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| 5. |
- Rahman, Iffat, et al.
(författare)
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Physical Activity and Heart Failure Risk in a Prospective Study of Men
- 2015
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Ingår i: JACC. Heart failure. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2213-1779 .- 2213-1787. ; 3:9, s. 681-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES This study investigated if total physical activity, as well as different types of physical activity, were associated with heart failure risk. BACKGROUND Physical activity has shown to be associated with reduced risks of coronary heart disease and stroke. Studies have also suggested that physical activity is associated with heart failure development. METHODS A study population of 33,012 men was followed from beginning of 1998 until the end of 2012. First event of heart failure was ascertained through linkage to the Swedish National Patient Register and Cause of Death Register. The data were analyzed by using Cox proportional hazards regression and Laplace regression. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 13 years, we ascertained a total of 3,609 first events of heart failure. The average age at study baseline was 60 +/- 9 years of age. When examining the entire study population, a U-shaped association between total physical activity and heart failure risk was detected, with both extremely high (57 metabolic equivalent [MET] h/day) and extremely low (38 MET h/day) levels of total physical activity associated with an increased risk of heart failure. When investigating different types of physical activity, we found that walking/bicycling at least 20 min/day was associated with 21% lower risk of heart failure (95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 0.87); corresponding to a median age at heart failure 8 months later for those who had actively walked or biked daily. When looking at long-term behavior of walking/bicycling, the results suggested a trend toward more recent active behavior being more related to heart failure protection than past physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that both low levels and high levels of total physical activity, in comparison with moderate levels, could increase heart failure risk in men and that certain types of physical activity are associated with a protective effect on heart failure in men. When examining different types of physical activity, walking/bicycling at least 20 min per day was associated with the largest risk reduction of heart failure. (C) 2015 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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| 6. |
- Rahman, Iffat, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between age at natural menopause and risk of heart failure
- 2015
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Ingår i: Menopause. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1072-3714 .- 1530-0374. ; 22:1, s. 12-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We investigated whether younger age at natural menopause confers a risk of heart failure. We also examined a possible modifying effect of tobacco smoking. Methods: This study used the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort; 22,256 postmenopausal women with information on age at natural menopause were followed from 1997 through 2011. First event of heart failure was ascertained through the Swedish National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Results: During a mean follow-up of 13 years, we ascertained 2,532 first events of heart failure hospitalizations and deaths. The mean age at menopause was 51 years. Early natural menopause (40-45 y), compared with menopause at ages 50 to 54 years, was significantly associated with heart failure (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.64). In analyses stratified by smoking status, similar HRs were observed for this age group among never smokers (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.66) and ever smokers (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.78). Among ever smokers, increased incidence (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.47) of heart failure could be detected even among those who entered menopause at ages 46 to 49 years. We found a significant interaction between age at natural menopause and smoking (P = 0.019). Conclusions: This study indicates that women who experience early natural menopause are at increased risk for developing heart failure and that smoking can modify the association by increasing the risk even among women who enter menopause around ages 46 to 49 years.
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| 7. |
- Rahman, Iffat, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship Between Physical Activity and Heart Failure Risk in Women
- 2014
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Ingår i: Circulation Heart Failure. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1941-3289 .- 1941-3297. ; 7:6, s. 877-881
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background-Physical activity is a modifiable health-related behavior shown to be associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. There is some evidence that this could also be the case for heart failure. We investigated whether total physical activity, as well as different domains of physical activity, was associated with heart failure risk. Methods and Results-The Swedish Mammography Cohort was used in which 27 895 women were followed up from 1997 to 2011. First event of heart failure was ascertained through the Swedish National Patient Register and Cause of Death Register. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. We also analyzed survival percentiles by applying Laplace regression. During an average follow-up time of 13 years (369 207 person-years), we ascertained 2402 first events of heart failure hospitalizations and deaths. We found that moderate to high levels of total physical activity were associated with a reduced risk of future heart failure. When looking into different domains of physical activity, walking/bicycling >20 minutes/d was associated with 29% lower risk of heart failure (95% confidence interval, -36% to -21%), when investigating survival percentiles this could be translated into 18 months longer heart failure-free survival. Conclusions-Our study shows that physical activity could protect against heart failure in women. When looking closer into different domains of physical activity, walking or biking >= 20 minutes every day was associated with the largest risk reduction of heart failure.
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| 8. |
- Rahman, Iffat, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between sweetened beverage consumption and risk of heart failure in men
- 2015
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 101:24, s. 1961-1965
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether sweetened beverage consumption is associated with risk of heart failure (HF) in a large prospective population-based study of men.METHODS AND RESULTS: A population-based cohort comprising 42,400 men, 45-79 years of age, was followed from 1998 through 2010. Sweetened beverage consumption was assessed by utilising a food frequency questionnaire. Incident events of HF were identified through linkage to the Swedish National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Cox regression analyses were implemented to investigate the association between sweetened beverage consumption and HF. During a mean follow-up time of 11.7 years, a total of 4113 HF events were identified. We observed a positive association between sweetened beverage consumption and risk of HF after adjustment for other risk factors (p for trend <0.001). Men who consumed two or more servings of sweetened beverages per day had a statistically significant higher risk of developing HF (23%, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.35) compared to men who were non-consumers.CONCLUSIONS: Our finding that sweetened beverage consumption is associated with higher risk of HF could have implications for HF prevention strategies. Additional prospective studies investigating the link between sweetened beverage consumption and HF are therefore needed.
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| 9. |
- Surakka, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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A Genome-Wide Association Study of Monozygotic Twin-Pairs Suggests a Locus Related to Variability of Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
- 2012
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 15:6, s. 691-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association analysis on monozygotic twin-pairs offers a route to discovery of gene-environment interactions through testing for variability loci associated with sensitivity to individual environment/lifestyle. We present a genome-wide scan of loci associated with intra-pair differences in serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels. We report data for 1,720 monozygotic female twin-pairs from GenomEUtwin project with 2.5 million SNPs, imputed or genotyped, and measured serum lipid fractions for both twins. We found one locus associated with intra-pair differences in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, rs2483058 in an intron of SRGAP2, where twins carrying the C allele are more sensitive to environmental factors (P = 3.98 × 10-8). We followed up the association in further genotyped monozygotic twins (N = 1,261), which showed a moderate association for the variant (P = 0.200, same direction of an effect). In addition, we report a new association on the level of apolipoprotein A-II (P = 4.03 × 10-8).
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| 10. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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