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- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 3. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
- Elragal, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of trajectory data in support of traffic management : A data mining approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Advances in data mining. - Cham : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319089751 ; , s. 174-188
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Huge amount of location and tracking data is gathered by location and tracking technologies, such as global positioning system (GPS) and global system for mobile communication (GSM) devices; leading to the collection of large spatiotemporal datasets and to the opportunity of discovering usable knowledge about movement behavior. Movement behavior can be extremely useful in many ways when applied, for example, in the domain of traffic management, planning metropolitan areas, mobile marketing, tourism, etc. In this research, we move towards this direction and propose a framework for finding trajectory patterns of frequent behaviors using GSM data. The research question is «how to use trajectory data analysis in support of solving traffic management problems utilizing data mining techniques?» Our framework is illustrated to explain how GSM data can provide accurate information about population movement behavior, and hence support traffic decisions. © 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
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