| 1. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Richard, G., et al.
(författare)
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Multi Modal Verification for Teleservices and Security Applications (M2VTS)
- 1999
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems. - Los Alamitos : IEEE. - 0769502539 ; , s. 1061-1064
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents the European ACTS project M2VTS which stands for Multi Modal Verification for Teleservices and Security Applications. The primary goal of this project is to address the issue of secured access to local and centralised services in a multimedia environment. The main objective is to extend the scope of application of network-based services by adding novel and intelligent functionalities, enabled by automatic verification systems combining multimodal strategies (secured access based on speech, image or other information). The objectives of the project are also to show that limitations of individual technologies (speaker verification, frontal face authentication, profile identification,...) can be overcome by relying on multi-modal decisions (combination or fusion of these technologies).
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| 3. |
- Boon, Hanneke, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Substrate Source Use in Older, Trained Males after Decades of Endurance Training
- 2007
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 39:12, s. 2160-2170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare substrate source use in older, long-term exercising, endurance-trained males with sedentary controls. METHODS: [U-C]palmitate and [6,6-H2]glucose tracers were applied to assess plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glucose oxidation rates, and to estimate muscle- and/or lipoprotein-derived triacylglycerol (TG) and muscle glycogen use. Subjects were 10 long-term exercising, endurance-trained males and 10 sedentary controls (age 57 +/- 1 and 60 +/- 2 yr, respectively). Muscle biopsy samples were collected before and after exercise to assess muscle fiber type-specific intramyocellular lipid and glycogen content. RESULTS: During exercise, plasma palmitate Ra, Rd, and Rox were significantly greater in the trained subjects compared with the controls (Ra: 0.36 +/- 0.02 and 0.25 +/- 0.02; Rd: 0.36 +/- 0.03 and 0.24 +/- 0.02; Rox: 0.31 +/- 0.02 and 0.20 +/- 0.02 mmol.min, respectively, P < 0.01). This resulted in greater plasma FFA and total fat oxidation rates in the trained versus sedentary subjects (P < 0.001). Muscle- and/or lipoprotein-derived TG use contributed 10 +/- 2 and 11 +/- 3% in the trained and control groups, respectively (NS). No significant net changes in muscle fiber lipid content were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Older, endurance-trained males oxidize more fat during moderate-intensity exercise than do sedentary controls. This greater total fat oxidation rate is attributed to a higher plasma FFA release, uptake, and oxidation rate. In contrast, intramyocellular triacylglycerol does not seem to represent a major substrate source during 1 h of moderate-intensity exercise in older trained or sedentary men. ©2007 The American College of Sports Medicine.
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| 4. |
- Heinonen, Ilkka, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Cellular, mitochondrial and molecular alterations associate with early left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in a porcine model of diabetic metabolic derangement
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of diabetic metabolic derangement (DMetD) has increased dramatically over the last decades. Although there is increasing evidence that DMetD is associated with cardiac dysfunction, the early DMetD-induced myocardial alterations remain incompletely understood. Here, we studied early DMetD-related cardiac changes in a clinically relevant large animal model. DMetD was established in adult male Göttingen miniswine by streptozotocin injections and a high-fat, high-sugar diet, while control animals remained on normal pig chow. Five months later left ventricular (LV) function was assessed by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements, followed by comprehensive biochemical, molecular and histological analyses. Robust DMetD developed, evidenced by hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. DMetD resulted in altered LV nitrosoredox balance, increased superoxide production—principally due to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling—reduced nitric oxide (NO) production, alterations in myocardial gene-expression— particularly genes related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism—and mitochondrial dysfunction. These abnormalities were accompanied by increased passive force of isolated cardiomyocytes, and impaired LV diastolic function, evidenced by reduced LV peak untwist velocity and increased E/e′. However, LV weight, volume, collagen content, and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area were unchanged at this stage of DMetD. In conclusion, DMetD, in a clinically relevant large-animal model results in myocardial oxidative stress, eNOS uncoupling and reduced NO production, together with an altered metabolic gene expression profle and mitochondrial dysfunction. These molecular alterations are associated with stifening of the cardiomyocytes and early diastolic dysfunction before any structural cardiac remodeling occurs. Therapies should be directed to ameliorate these early DMetDinduced myocardial changes to prevent the development of overt cardiac failure. © 2020, The Author(s).
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| 5. |
- Teixeira, Pedro J., et al.
(författare)
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Classification of Techniques Used in Self-Determinationheory-Based Interventions in Health Contexts : An Expert Consensus Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Motivation Science. - Washington, DC : American Psychological Association (APA). - 2333-8113 .- 2333-8121. ; 6:4, s. 438-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While evidence suggests that interventions based on self-determination theory can be effective in motivating adoption and maintenance of health-related behaviors, and in promoting adaptive psychological outcomes, the motivational techniques that comprise the content of these interventions have not been comprehensively identified or described. The aim of the present study was to develop a classification system of the techniques that comprise self-determination theory interventions, with satisfaction of psychological needs as an organizing principle. Candidate techniques were identified through a comprehensive review of self-determination theory interventions and nomination by experts. The study team developed a preliminary list of candidate techniques accompanied by labels, definitions, and function descriptions of each. Each technique was aligned with the most closely-related psychological need satisfaction construct (autonomy, competence, or relatedness). Using an iterative expert consensus procedure, participating experts (N = 18) judged each technique on the preliminary list for redundancy, essentiality, uniqueness, and the proposed link between the technique and basic psychological need. The procedure produced a final classification of 21 motivation and behavior change techniques (MBCTs). Redundancies between final MBCTs against techniques from existing behavior change technique taxonomies were also checked. The classification system is the first formal attempt to systematize self-determination theory intervention techniques. The classification is expected to enhance consistency in descriptions of self-determination theory-based interventions in health contexts, and assist in facilitating synthesis of evidence on interventions based on the theory. The classification is also expected to guide future efforts to identify, describe, and classify the techniques that comprise self-determination theory-based interventions in multiple domains. © 2020, American Psychological Association.
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| 6. |
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Artificial Intelligence in Medicine : Knowledge Representation and Transparent and Explainable Systems
- 2019
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book constitutes revised selected papers from the AIME 2019 workshops KR4HC/ProHealth 2019, the Workshop on Knowledge Representation for Health Care and Process-Oriented Information Systems in Health Care, and TEAAM 2019, the Workshop on Transparent, Explainable and Affective AI in Medical Systems.The volume contains 5 full papers from KR4HC/ProHealth, which were selected out of 13 submissions. For TEAAM 8 papers out of 10 submissions were accepted for publication. © 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature.
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| 7. |
- Luk, Chiu-Hung, et al.
(författare)
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Vision-based hazard detection
- 2006
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Ingår i: Intelligent Engineering Systems Through Artificial Neural Networks - Volume 16. - New York : ASME Press (American Society of Mechanical Engineers). ; , s. 6-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in sensor and GPS technologies make possible better guidance tools for vehicle/aerial navigation. In the work reported here we look at the detection of hazards, such as aircraft or other objects, on or near the target runway. Our system consists of two modules: 1) regions of interest (ROI) detection, and 2) hazard recognition. One of the harder problems in object recognition is to segment the target object from a cluttered background. In this system we use a “poor man’s” segmentation, by taking advantage of the fact that we have an approximate reference that we can differentiate from. The regions of interest are defined as significant differences between the input image and the reference image. Since this differencing can be complex due to the fact that the images may not be precisely registered, we employed a novel histogram method which is reasonably invariant to spatial transformations for ROI detection.
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| 8. |
- Stellingwerff, Trent, et al.
(författare)
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Significant intramyocellular lipid use during prolonged cycling in endurance-trained males as assessed by three different methodologies
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism. - Bethesda, MD : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 292:6, s. E1715-E1723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intramyocellular triacylglycerol (IMTG) has been suggested to represent an important substrate source during exercise. In the present study, IMTG utilization during exercise is assessed through the use of various methodologies. In addition, we identified differences in the use of intramyocellular lipids deposited in the immediate subsarcolemmal (SS) area and those stored in the more central region of the fiber. Contemporary stable isotope technology was applied in combination with muscle tissue sampling before and immediately after 3 h of moderate-intensity cycling exercise (62 ± 2% V̇o2 max) in eight well-trained male cyclists. Continuous infusions with [U-13C]palmitate and [6,6-2H2]glucose were applied to quantify plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glucose oxidation rates and to estimate whole body IMTG and glycogen use. Both immunohistochemical analyses of oil red O (ORO)-stained muscle cross sections and biochemical triacylglycerol (TG) extraction were performed to assess muscle lipid content. During exercise, plasma FFA, muscle (and/or lipoprotein)-derived TG, plasma glucose, and muscle glycogen oxidation contributed 24 ± 2, 22 ± 3, 11 ± 1, and 43 ± 3% to total energy expenditure, respectively. In accordance, a significant net decline in muscle lipid content was observed following exercise as assessed by ORO staining (67 ± 8%) and biochemical TG extraction (49 ± 8%), and a positive correlation was observed between methods (r = 0.56; P < 0.05). Lipid depots located in the SS area were utilized to a greater extent than the more centrally located depots. This is the first study to show significant use of IMTG as a substrate source during exercise in healthy males via the concurrent implementation of three major methodologies. In addition, this study shows differences in resting subcellular intramyocellular lipid deposit distribution and in the subsequent net use of these deposits during exercise. Copyright © 2007 the American Physiological Society.
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