| 1. |
- Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
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| 2. |
- Schweinsberg, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Same data, different conclusions : Radical dispersion in empirical results when independent analysts operationalize and test the same hypothesis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0749-5978 .- 1095-9920. ; 165, s. 228-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this crowdsourced initiative, independent analysts used the same dataset to test two hypotheses regarding the effects of scientists' gender and professional status on verbosity during group meetings. Not only the analytic approach but also the operationalizations of key variables were left unconstrained and up to individual analysts. For instance, analysts could choose to operationalize status as job title, institutional ranking, citation counts, or some combination. To maximize transparency regarding the process by which analytic choices are made, the analysts used a platform we developed called DataExplained to justify both preferred and rejected analytic paths in real time. Analyses lacking sufficient detail, reproducible code, or with statistical errors were excluded, resulting in 29 analyses in the final sample. Researchers reported radically different analyses and dispersed empirical outcomes, in a number of cases obtaining significant effects in opposite directions for the same research question. A Boba multiverse analysis demonstrates that decisions about how to operationalize variables explain variability in outcomes above and beyond statistical choices (e.g., covariates). Subjective researcher decisions play a critical role in driving the reported empirical results, underscoring the need for open data, systematic robustness checks, and transparency regarding both analytic paths taken and not taken. Implications for orga-nizations and leaders, whose decision making relies in part on scientific findings, consulting reports, and internal analyses by data scientists, are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Bergmark, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence-based Methods in Rural Areas – Knowledge and National Guideline Utilization in Mental Health Service Development
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work. - : Routledge. - 1543-3714 .- 1543-3722 .- 2640-8066 .- 2640-8074. ; 19:2, s. 161-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To examine how rural municipalities develop services to people with serious mental illness in relation to evidence-based practice and national guidelines. Additional sources of knowledge and strategies used by the municipalities in relation to their development needs were explored as well.METHOD: Qualitative multiple-case approach, with 43 deep-interviews involving 84 informants representing selected social psychiatric services from 11 sites.RESULTS: National guidelines and evidence-based practices have a limited impact on how rural municipalities develop services to the target group. The municipalities favor other sources of knowledge, including regional networks, pragmatic problem-solving approaches and community-based knowledge.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Most of the informants expressed a need for more systematic and evidence-based knowledge in order to meet their clients’ needs. A major challenge to improve the utilization of these methods, is to make adaptions to match the rural municipalities’ needs and actual resources without risking the quality of these evidence-based services.
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| 4. |
- Heatherington, Laurie, et al.
(författare)
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Sustaining outcomes research in residential treatment : a 15-year study of the Gould Farm program
- 2019
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Ingår i: Psychological services. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1541-1559 .- 1939-148X. ; 6:4, s. 675-686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present findings from a study of outcomes of residential treatment for people who have mental illness, primarily schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar disorders. The study assesses a range of individual variables before and after participation in the program, to examine clinical and personal recovery and facilitate program improvement. To our knowledge, it is the longest ongoing outcomes study (15+ years) of its kind. The program, Gould Farm, provides recovery-focused, milieu treatment on a 700-acre working farm. It integrates counseling and medication with a work program that provides opportunities for the development of daily living, social, and work skills as well as mental and physical health. Clients were interviewed in person at intake and at discharge. Also, since study year 10 when the follow-up arm began, former clients were interviewed at 6, 18, and 36 months postdischarge via phone. Interview protocols included standard measures of psychiatric symptoms and functioning, substance use, quality of life, and treatment satisfaction. Follow-up interview protocols also assessed individuals’ living, working, family, and social situations as well as their satisfaction in these areas of recovery. Statistically significant improvements on all measures were found at discharge, and were not moderated by key demographic or clinical factors. Preliminary follow-up data showed maintenance of treatment gains, and high treatment satisfaction. We discuss clinical implications of the findings as well as limitations, directions for future research, and recommendations for sustaining outcomes research in organized care settings.
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