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Highlights from the first year of Odin observations
- 2003
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 402, s. L39-L46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Key Odin operational and instrumental features and highlights from our sub-millimetre and millimetre wave observations of H2O, H218O, NH3, 15NH3 and O2 are presented, with some insights into accompanying Odin Letters in this A&A issue. We focus on new results where Odin's high angular resolution, high frequency resolution, large spectrometer bandwidths, high sensitivity or/and frequency tuning capability are crucial: H2O mapping of the Orion KL, W3, DR21, S140 regions, and four comets; H2O observations of Galactic Centre sources, of shock enhanced H2O towards the SNR IC443, and of the candidate infall source IRAS 16293-2422; H218O detections in Orion KL and in comet Ikeya-Zhang; sub-mm detections of NH3 in Orion KL (outflow, ambient cloud and bar) and ρ Oph, and very recently, of 15NH3 in~Orion KL. Simultaneous sensitive searches for the 119 GHz line of O2 have resulted in very low abundance limits, which are difficult to accomodate in chemical models. We also demonstrate, by means of a quantitative comparison of Orion KL H2O results, that the Odin and SWAS observational data sets are very consistently calibrated. Odin is a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes), and the Centre National d'études Spatiales (CNES, France). The Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) has been the prime industrial contractor, and is also responsible for the satellite operation from its Odin Mission Control Centre at SSC in Solna and its Odin Control Centre at ESRANGE near Kiruna in northern Sweden. See also the SNSB Odin web page: http://www.snsb.se/eng_odin_intro.shtml
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| 2. |
- Sioris, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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The atmospheric limb sounding satellite (ALISS)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC. - 0074-1795. - 9781634399869 ; 4, s. 2382-2392
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Atmospheric Limb Sounding Satellite (ALISS) is a joint Canadian-Swedish concept that is currently under study by agencies, industrial partners and academic institutions in both countries. Launch is not anticipated before late 2020. ALISS has significant heritage, resembling the current Odin mission in terms of some of the countries involved and the types of instruments. However, ALISS will have a focus on the upper troposphere in addition to Odin's primarily stratospheric focus. The ALISS mission has objectives relating to climate-chemistry coupling, UV radiation, dynamics, atmospheric composition in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, and in conjunction with nadir sensors, air quality, by virtue of the array of key atmospheric constituents that it will measure with an unprecedented combination of vertical and horizontal resolution for satellite-borne instruments. ALISS consists of four atmospheric limb remote sensing instruments. Three of these have space heritage and are: the Canadian-designed Atmospheric Tomography System (CATS) that is a derivative of the highly successful Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) instrument, the Swedish-designed Stratosphere Troposphere Exchange And climate Monitoring Radiometer (STEAMR) that is a follow-on instrument to the sub-millimetre radiometer (SMR) that currently operates with OSIRIS on Odin, and a Global Positioning System Radio Occultation instrument. The fourth instrument, also Canadian, is the Spatial Heterodyne Observations of Water (SHOW). SHOW will measure profiles of water vapour using its near-infrared absorption. Among other things, the ALISS package will deliver atmospheric composition (O3, H2O, NO2, HNO3, BrO, CO, aerosol, and others) measurements within the extremely important upper troposphere and lower stratosphere region for chemistry and climate studies. One application of interest would be using these measurements in conjunction with total column measurements from nadir-viewing instruments as well as data assimilation systems in order to better monitor and forecast air quality. Also, the heritage of these instruments implies the ALISS measurements will be extremely valuable in the continuation of climate-quality time series of important constituents such as stratospheric aerosols, water vapour, and ozone. Continuity of these vertically resolved data records is currently threatened by a looming gap in satellite-based limb sounders. This talk will outline the ALISS concept and the utility of the measurements.
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| 3. |
- Olofsson, Henrik, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Odin water mapping in the Orion KL region
- 2003
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 402, s. L47-L54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New results from water mapping observations of the Orion KL region using the submm/mm wave satellite Odin (2.1\arcmin beam size at 557 GHz), are presented. The ortho-H2O \jkktrans{1}{1}{0}{1}{0}{1} ground state transition was observed in a 7arcminx 7arcmin rectangular grid with a spacing of 1\arcmin, while the same line of H218O was measured in two positions, Orion KL itself and 2\arcmin south of Orion KL. In the main water species, the KL molecular outflow is largely resolved from the ambient cloud and it is found to have an extension of 60\arcsec-110\arcsec. The H2O outflow profile exhibits a rather striking absorption-like asymmetry at the line centre. Self-absorption in the near (or ``blue'') part of the outflow (and possibly in foreground quiescent halo gas) is tentatively suggested to play a role here. We argue that the dominant part of the KL H218O outflow emission emanates from the compact (size ~ 15\arcsec) low-velocity flow and here estimate an H2O abundance of circa 10-5 compared to all H2 in the flow - an order of magnitude below earlier estimates of the H2O abundance in the shocked gas of the high-velocity flow. The narrow ambient cloud lines show weak velocity trends, both in the N-S and E-W directions. H218O is detected for the first time in the southern position at a level of ~ 0.15 K and we here estimate an H2O abundance of (1-8) x 10-8. Odin is a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes), and the Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES, France). The Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) was the industrial prime contractor and is also responsible for the satellite operation.
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| 4. |
- Lavery, Tyrone H., et al.
(författare)
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Impact Indicators for Biodiversity Conservation Research : Measuring Influence within and beyond Academia
- 2021
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Ingår i: BioScience. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0006-3568 .- 1525-3244. ; 71:4, s. 383-395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measuring, reporting and forecasting research impact beyond academia has become increasingly important to demonstrate and understand real-world benefits. This is arguably most important in crisis disciplines such as medicine, environmental sustainability and biodiversity conservation, where application of new knowledge is urgently needed to improve health and environmental outcomes. Increasing focus on impact has prompted the development of theoretical guidance and practical tools tailored to a range of disciplines, but commensurate development of tools for conservation is still needed. In the present article, we review available tools for evaluating research impact applicable to conservation research. From these, and via a survey of conservation professionals, we compiled and ranked a list of 96 impact indicators useful for conservation science. Our indicators apply to a logic chain of inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes, and impacts. We suggest the list can act as a clear guide to realize and measure potential impacts from conservation research within and beyond academia.
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| 5. |
- Henriksen, T. I., et al.
(författare)
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Dysregulated autophagy in muscle precursor cells from humans with type 2 diabetes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autophagy is active during cellular remodeling including muscle differentiation. Muscle differentiation is dysregulated in type 2 diabetes and we therefore hypothesize that muscle precursor cells from people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a dysregulation of their autophagy leading to impaired myogenesis. Muscle precursor cells were isolated from people with T2DM or healthy controls and differentiated in vitro. Autophagy marker levels were assessed by immunoblotting. Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes between healthy and T2DM groups were identified based on a previously published RNA-sequencing data-set, which we verified by RT-qPCR. siRNA was used to assess the function of differentially expressed autophagy genes. Basal autophagy increases during human muscle differentiation, while T2DM muscle cells have reduced levels of autophagy marker ATG7 and show a blunted response to starvation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the 3 non-canonical autophagy genes DRAM1, VAMP8 and TP53INP1 as differentially expressed between healthy and T2DM groups during myoblast differentiation, and that T53INP1 knock-down alters expression of both pro-and anti-apoptotic genes. In vitro differentiated T2DM muscle cells show differential expression of autophagy-related genes. These genes do not regulate myogenic transcription factors but may rather be involved in p53-associated myoblast apoptosis during early myogenesis.
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