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Sökning: WFRF:(Shakya S)

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  • 2021
  • swepub:Mat__t
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  • Jenab, M., et al. (författare)
  • Dietary intakes of retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin D and vitamin E in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 63:4s, s. 150-178
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: To describe the intake of the fat-soluble nutrients retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin E and vitamin D and their food sources among 27 redefined centres in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 subjects (age range: 35-74 years) completed a single standardized 24-h dietary recall using a computerized interview software program (EPIC-SOFT). Intakes of the fat-soluble nutrients were estimated using the standardized EPIC Nutrient Database. Results: For all the nutrients, in most centres, men had a higher level of intake than did women, even after adjustments for total energy intake and anthropometric confounders. Distinct regional gradients from northern to southern European countries were observed for all nutrients. The level intake of beta-carotene and vitamin E also showed some differences by level of education, smoking status and physical activity. No meaningful differences in the nutrient intake were observed by age range. Conclusions: These results show differences by study centre, gender, age and various lifestyle variables in the intake of retinol, beta-carotene, vitamin E and vitamin D between 10 European countries. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, S150-S178; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.79
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5.
  • Stevanovic, D., et al. (författare)
  • Assessing the symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder among college/university students: An international validation study of a self-report
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Psihologija. - : National Library of Serbia. - 0048-5705 .- 1451-9283. ; 53:1, s. 43-63
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of a self-report scale for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) symptoms according to the DSM-5 and ICD-11 among 3270 college/university students (2095 [64.1%] females; age mean 21.6 [3.1] years) from different countries worldwide. Croatian, English, Polish, Portuguese, Serbian, Turkish, and Vietnamese versions of the scale were tested. The study showed that symptoms of IGD could be measured as a single underlying factor among college/university students. A nine item-symptom scale following DSM-5, and a short four-item scale representing the main ICD-11 symptoms, had sound internal consistency and construct validity. Three symptom-items were found non-invariant across the language samples (i.e., preoccupation with on-line gaming, loss of interests in previous hobbies and entertainment, and the use of gaming to relieve negative moods). This study provides initial evidence for assessing IGD symptoms among college/university students and will hopefully foster further research into gaming addiction in this population worldwide especially with taking into account language/cultural differences.
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6.
  • Bagheri, Z., et al. (författare)
  • Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short form across ten countries: the application of Bayesian approximate measurement invariance
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Bmc Psychology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2050-7283. ; 10:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) is the most frequently used generic quality of life (QOL) measure in many countries and cultures worldwide. However, no single study has been carried out to investigate whether this questionnaire performs similarly across diverse cultures/countries. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Q-LES-Q-SF across ten different countries. Methods: The Q-LES-Q-SF was administrated to a sample of 2822 university students from ten countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Croatia, India, Nepal, Poland, Serbia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and Vietnam. The Bayesian approximate measurement invariance approach was used to assess the measurement invariance of the Q-LES-Q-SF. Results: Approximate measurement invariance did not hold across the countries for the Q-LES-Q-SF, with only two out of 14 items being non-invariant; namely items related to doing household and leisure time activities. Conclusions: Our findings did not support the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Q-LES-Q-SF; thus, considerable caution is warranted when comparing QOL scores across different countries with this measure. Item rewording and adaptation along with calibrating non-invariant items may narrow these differences and help researchers to create an invariant questionnaire for reliable and valid QOL comparisons across different countries.
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7.
  • Bannatyne, B A, et al. (författare)
  • Inhibitory inputs to four types of spinocerebellar tract neurons in the cat spinal cord.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Neuroscience. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7544 .- 0306-4522. ; 226, s. 253-69
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Spinocerebellar tract neurons are inhibited by various sources of input via pathways activated by descending tracts as well as peripheral afferents. Inhibition may be used to modulate transmission of excitatory information forwarded to the cerebellum. However it may also provide information on the degree of inhibition of motoneurons and on the operation of inhibitory premotor neurons. Our aim was to extend previous comparisons of morphological substrates of excitation of spinocerebellar neurons to inhibitory input. Contacts formed by inhibitory axon terminals were characterised as either GABAergic, glycinergic or both GABAergic/glycinergic by using antibodies against vesicular GABA transporter, glutamic acid decarboxylase and gephyrin. Quantitative analysis revealed the presence of much higher proportions of inhibitory contacts when compared with excitatory contacts on spinal border (SB) neurons. However similar proportions of inhibitory and excitatory contacts were associated with ventral spinocerebellar tract (VSCT) and dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons located in Clarke's column (ccDSCT) and the dorsal horn (dhDSCT). In all of the cells, the majority of inhibitory terminals were glycinergic. The density of contacts was higher on somata and proximal versus distal dendrites of SB and VSCT neurons but more evenly distributed in ccDSCT and dhDSCT neurons. Variations in the density and distribution of inhibitory contacts found in this study may reflect differences in information on inhibitory processes forwarded by subtypes of spinocerebellar tract neurons to the cerebellum.
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8.
  • Bienert, K., et al. (författare)
  • Technologies for biomethane production in small and medium scale applications – Assessment within the European project record biomap
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: European Biomass Conf. Exhib. Proc.. ; , s. 586-591
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The European Horizon 2020 project “Research Coordination for a Low-Cost Biomethane Production at Small and Medium Scale Applications”, short Record Biomap aims to foster technology solutions for a cost efficient biomethane production at small to medium scale. This includes substrate pre-treatment, digestion systems and gas upgrading processes. The project collected technology descriptions of 46 technologies which are still in their development phase and presented them on the biomethane map (https://biomethane-map.eu). All technologies with a Technology Readiness Level between 3 and 7, which are in the focus of this project, were also evaluated through an impact assessment. The presentation gives an overview of the project´s results, concentrating on the first results of the assessment for innovative technology solutions along the biomethane supply chain and especially upgrading of biogas to biomethane. The assessment includes aspects such as energy efficiency, specific technical characteristics of the systems as well as economic parameters. Results are expected to characterise those new technologies and to highlight their special application areas. In addition, the paper presents a roadmap and an EU level biomethane structural analysis as the groundwork for a more detailed strategy for market implementation of innovative technologies for small- to medium scale upgrading of biogas to biomethane.
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9.
  • Feng, Shaohong, et al. (författare)
  • Dense sampling of bird diversity increases power of comparative genomics
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 587:7833
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Whole-genome sequencing projects are increasingly populating the tree of life and characterizing biodiversity(1-4). Sparse taxon sampling has previously been proposed to confound phylogenetic inference(5), and captures only a fraction of the genomic diversity. Here we report a substantial step towards the dense representation of avian phylogenetic and molecular diversity, by analysing 363 genomes from 92.4% of bird families-including 267 newly sequenced genomes produced for phase II of the Bird 10,000 Genomes (B10K) Project. We use this comparative genome dataset in combination with a pipeline that leverages a reference-free whole-genome alignment to identify orthologous regions in greater numbers than has previously been possible and to recognize genomic novelties in particular bird lineages. The densely sampled alignment provides a single-base-pair map of selection, has more than doubled the fraction of bases that are confidently predicted to be under conservation and reveals extensive patterns of weak selection in predominantly non-coding DNA. Our results demonstrate that increasing the diversity of genomes used in comparative studies can reveal more shared and lineage-specific variation, and improve the investigation of genomic characteristics. We anticipate that this genomic resource will offer new perspectives on evolutionary processes in cross-species comparative analyses and assist in efforts to conserve species. A dataset of the genomes of 363 species from the Bird 10,000 Genomes Project shows increased power to detect shared and lineage-specific variation, demonstrating the importance of phylogenetically diverse taxon sampling in whole-genome sequencing.
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10.
  • Kanth, R. K., et al. (författare)
  • Autonomous use of fractal structure in low cost, multiband and compact navigational antenna
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Proc. Mediterranean Microwave Symp. (MMS). ; , s. 135-138
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Different fractal structures and their relevance in navigational antennas have been studied. Based on multiband characteristics and performance of sierpinski gasket fractal structures, a dual band, low profile antenna is devised in this paper. Classical fractal structures have been generated with extensive use of MATL AB, dimensions of the parasitic layers are determined viaseveral optimizations in Math CAD and finally design analysis is carried out using Ansoft Designer. The performance of this antenna is theoretically measured in terms of its return loss, gain radiation pattern and axial ratio. The multi layered physical antenna has been fabricated using glass epoxy substrate material contributing acceptable bandwidth in bothbands. The measured performance of the fabricated antenna has been analyzed and evaluated with the theoretical outcomes.
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