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- Haghighi, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparison of Rule-based Analysis with Regression Methods in Understanding the Risk Factors for Study Withdrawal in a Pediatric Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regression models are extensively used in many epidemiological studies to understand the linkage between specific outcomes of interest and their risk factors. However, regression models in general examine the average effects of the risk factors and ignore subgroups with different risk profiles. As a result, interventions are often geared towards the average member of the population, without consideration of the special health needs of different subgroups within the population. This paper demonstrates the value of using rule-based analysis methods that can identify subgroups with heterogeneous risk profiles in a population without imposing assumptions on the subgroups or method. The rules define the risk pattern of subsets of individuals by not only considering the interactions between the risk factors but also their ranges. We compared the rule-based analysis results with the results from a logistic regression model in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Both methods detected a similar suite of risk factors, but the rule-based analysis was superior at detecting multiple interactions between the risk factors that characterize the subgroups. A further investigation of the particular characteristics of each subgroup may detect the special health needs of the subgroup and lead to tailored interventions.
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- Zhu, Xingwang, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerated Photoreduction of CO2 to CO over a Stable Heterostructure with a Seamless Interface
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:33, s. 39523-39532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is a means of alleviating energy crisis and environmental deterioration. In this work, a rising two-dimensional (2D) material rarely reported in the field of photocatalytic CO2 reduction, black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets, is synthesized, on which Co2P is in situ grown by solvothermal treatment using BP itself as a P source. Co2P on the BP nanosheets (BPs) surface can prevent the destruction of BPs in ambient air and, in the meantime, favor charge separation and CO2 adsorption and activation during the catalytic process. Upon light irradiation, Co2P can extract the photogenerated electrons effectively across the intimate interface and lower the CO2 activation energy barrier, supported by both experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations. Benefitting from integrated advantages of BPs and Co2P, the optimal Co2P/BPs exhibit photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO at a rate of 25.5 mu mol g(-1) h(-1) with a selectivity of 91.4%, both of which are higher than those of pristine BPs. This work presents ideas for stabilizing BPs and improving their CO2 reduction performance simultaneously.
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- Zhu, Xingwang, et al.
(författare)
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Mo-O-Bi Bonds as interfacial electron transport bridges to fuel CO2 photoreduction via in-situ reconstruction of black Bi2MoO6/ BiO2-x heterojunction
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High photogenerated carrier separation efficiency plays a crucial role in determining the rate of photocatalytic CO2 reduction, but the directional transfer of carrier remains challenging. Here, improved CO2 photoreduction rate and enhanced stability were realized by in-situ construction of BiO2-x nanoparticles on Bi2MoO6 nanoflowers using H2/Ar low temperature plasma. As evidenced by DFT calculations and photocurrent measurements, the Mo-O-Bi bonds between the Bi2MoO6 and BiO2-x interfaces act as a charge transport bridge, facilitating the directional transport of electrons and thus enhancing the rate of photocatalytic reduction reactions involving multiple electrons. Compared with pristine Bi2MoO6, Bi2MoO6/BiO2-x heterojunction has excellent photostability (12 h) and efficient photocatalytic activity (approximate to 3.0 times). This indicates that the charge transfer bridge can effectively inhibit the charge recombination and deactivation of pristine Bi2MoO6. This interatomic charge transfer bridges mode can not only solve the stability problem of bismuth-based materials, but also help to design more photocatalytic systems for efficient reduction of CO2.
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