| 1. |
- Sumaila, U. Rashid, et al.
(författare)
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WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 374:6567, s. 544-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Jain, Achint K., et al.
(författare)
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Targeting of diacerein loaded lipid nanoparticles to intra-articular cartilage using chondroitin sulfate as homing carrier for treatment of osteoarthritis in rats
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nanomedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1549-9634 .- 1549-9642. ; 10:5, s. 1031-1040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Targeted delivery of antiosteoarthritic drug diacerein to articular tissue could be a major achievement and soluble polysaccharide chondroitin sulfate (ChS) may be a suitable agent for this. Therefore, diacerein loaded solid lipid nanoparticles modified with ChS (ChS-DC-SLN) were prepared for synergistic effect of these agents to combat multidimensional pathology of osteoarthritis (OA). Prepared formulation were of size range 396. ±. 2.7. nm, showed extended release up to 16. h and increased bioavailability of diacerein by 2.8 times. ChS-DC-SLN were evaluated for their effect on histopathology of femoro-tibial joint of rat knee and amount of ChS and rhein (an active metabolite of diacerein) at targeted site. Concentration of rhein was significantly higher in case of ChS-DC-SLN (7.8. ±. 1.23. μg/ml) than that of drug dispersion (2.9. ±. 0.45. μg/ml). It can be stated that ChS served as homing to articular cartilage for targeting of drug. Thus, ChS-DC-SLN have great potential to enhance the overall efficacy of treatment for OA. From the Clinical Editor: This study demonstrates the feasibility of targeted delivery of diacerein to articular tissue using soluble polysaccharide chondroitin sulfate as the targeting vector. This approach has the potential to significantly increase anti-arthritic drug concentration in joints without leading to systemic toxicity
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| 3. |
- Kumar, Rajesh, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of suspended sediment load with respect to summer discharge and temperatures in Shaune Garang glacierized catchment, Western Himalaya
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Geophysica. - : Springer. - 1895-6572 .- 1895-7455. ; 66:5, s. 1109-1120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observed and predicted rise in temperature will have deleterious impact on melting of snow and ice and form of precipitation which is already evident in Indian Himalayan Region. The temperature-dependent entities like discharge and sediment load will also vary with the observed and predicted rise posing environmental, social and economic threat in the region. There is little known about sediment load transport in relation to temperature and discharge in glacierized catchments in Himalaya mainly due to the scarcity of ground-based observation. The present study is an attempt to understand the suspended sediment load and transportation in relation to variation in discharge and temperature in the Shaune Garang catchment. The result shows strong dependence of sediment concentration primarily on discharge (R2 = 0.84) and then on temperature (R2 = 0.79). The catchments with similar geological and climate setting were observed to have comparatively close weathering rate. The sediment load was found to be higher in the catchments in eastern and central part of Indian Himalayan Region in comparison with western part due to dominance of Indian Summer Monsoon leading to high discharge. The annual physical weathering rate in Shaune Garang catchment was found to be 411 t km−2 year−1 which has increased from 327 t km−2 year−1 in around three decades due to rise in temperature causing increase in discharge and proportion of debris-covered glacierized area.
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| 4. |
- Singh, Vicky, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Different Tillage and Residue Management Options on Soil Water Transmission and Mechanical Behavior
- 2023
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Ingår i: Land. - : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). - 2073-445X. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the variability in the mechanical and hydrological soil characteristics resulting from diverse tillage and residue management practices is essential for evaluating the adoption of conservation strategies to preserve soil’s physical well-being. Zero-tillage techniques combined with residue retention or incorporation have gained widespread recognition for their capacity to conserve soil and water resources, reduce energy consumption, and enhance soil quality and environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, the choice of tillage and residue management options may vary depending on the geographical locations and specific soil conditions. To assess the impacts of four distinct tillage and residue management approaches, a two-year experiment (2020–2021 and 2021–2022) was conducted: T1: conventional tillage followed by wheat sowing after the removal of rice straw (CT-RS); T2: zero tillage with wheat sowing using a Happy Seeder while retaining rice straw (ZT+RS); T3: conventional tillage followed by wheat sowing after rice straw incorporation using a reversible mouldboard plough (CT+RS); T4: minimum tillage with wheat sowing using a Super Seeder with rice straw incorporation (MT+RS); the effects were recorded on the physical soil properties. Our findings indicate that zero tillage combined with residue retention (T2) had a positive influence on various physical soil attributes. Notably, significant differences were observed among the tillage and residue management options, particularly in terms of the bulk density with T1 exhibiting the highest values and the lowest being in T2, whereas the soil penetration resistance was lowest in T3 compared to T1. In the case of T3, sandy loam and clay loam soils had the highest measured saturated hydraulic conductivity values, measuring 5.08 and 4.57 cm h−1 and 4.07 and 3.73 cm h−1, respectively. Furthermore, T2 (zero tillage with residue retention) demonstrated the highest mean weight diameter (MWD) and maximum water stable aggregate. These results collectively underscore the positive effects of adopting zero tillage and retaining residue (T2) on soil structure and quality, particularly concerning the mechanical and hydrological soil properties.
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| 5. |
- Alinejad, M., et al.
(författare)
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Lignin-based polyurethanes : Opportunities for bio-based foams, elastomers, coatings and adhesives
- 2019
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI. - 2073-4360. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyurethane chemistry can yield diverse sets of polymeric materials exhibiting a widerange of properties for various applications and market segments. Utilizing lignin as a polyol presentsan opportunity to incorporate a currently underutilized renewable aromatic polymer into theseproducts. In this work, we will review the current state of technology for utilizing lignin as a polyolreplacement in different polyurethane products. This will include a discussion of lignin structure,diversity, and modification during chemical pulping and cellulosic biofuels processes, approachesfor lignin extraction, recovery, fractionation, and modification/functionalization. We will discussthe potential of incorporation of lignins into polyurethane products that include rigid and flexiblefoams, adhesives, coatings, and elastomers. Finally, we will discuss challenges in incorporating ligninin polyurethane formulations, potential solutions and approaches that have been taken to resolvethose issues.
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| 6. |
- Asp, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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An experimental investigation of the influence of delamination growth on the residual strength of impacted laminates
- 2001
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Ingår i: Composites. Part A, Applied science and manufacturing. - 1359-835X .- 1878-5840. ; 32:9, s. 1229-1235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study concerns an experimental investigation to establish data for validation of residual strength models for impacted composite panels. The work focuses on compression tests of panels with embedded artificial delaminations at various depths. Accompanying tests on undamaged and impact-damaged panels are reported and the relevance of the tests on artificially delaminated panels is assessed. In the experiments both the artificially delaminated and the impacted plates failed by delamination growth. Consequently, the same mechanism governed failure in the two cases. Hence, the artificially delaminated plate test is reliable for validation of methods developed for analysis of the residual strength of impact-damaged panels. However, for impacted plates, the load at global plate buckling was consistently 10% lower than that of the artificially delaminated plates and 20% lower than that of the undamaged plates. Hence, conservative prediction of the global buckling load of an impacted composite panel require s methods that consider influence of stiffness reduction of the damaged zone. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Khullar, S., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of axial water jet size on RVR mitigation in draft tube of Francis turbine
- 2022
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Ingår i: 31st IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems 26/06/2022 - 01/07/2022 Trondheim, Norway. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work investigates the effect of the axial water jet nozzle size on the unsteady pressure fluctuations arising from RVR formation in the draft tube of a Francis turbine operating at part load. The results compare two different nozzle diameter jets for their effect on the pressure pulsations and pressure recovery in the draft tube. Simulations were carried out at four jet injections varying from 2% to 10% of the main discharge. The study also presents the changes in the net effective area and average swirl in the draft tube with the introduction of the water jet.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Siddiqui, J.A., et al.
(författare)
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Efficient pulse compression favourable thermal excitation scheme for non-destructive testing using infrared thermography : a numerical study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology. - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 56:19, s. 1003-1005
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Active thermal non-destructive testing (TNDT) has emerged as a swift, robust and cost-effective non-contact inspection method used to detect the surface and sub-surface defects present in a wide verity of solid materials. To further increase the efficacy of the process, various pulse-compression-based post-processing techniques are in use. However, the applicability of pulse compression-based thermographic methods has limited due to the presence of side lobes that degrades the energy concentration capabilities within the main lobe. In order to address this limitation, this work proposes a poly-phase code (P4-code). P4 codes are very efficient and robust in the reduction of distribution of energy in side lobes by concentrating on the main lobe. This Letter proposes a numerical study on the applicability of P4 codes-based pulse compression favourable thermal wave imaging approach for TNDT for testing and evaluation of steel specimen for identification of flat-bottom hole defects located at different depths. Further performance of the proposed method is compared with the widely used linear frequency modulated thermal wave imaging by considering the signal-to-noise ratio as a figure-of-merit.
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