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| 2. |
- Sjöstrand, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Entrepreneurship in the Shade of a Multinational Corporation : a Story of Fancy Footwork
- 2011
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In: 21<sup>th</sup> Nordic Conference on Business Studies. - Stockholm University, School of Business, Sweden.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper takes a case study of an engineering company named FlexLink as a point of departure. The company, that produces conceivable applications of conveyors in industrial settings, has no production, no stock and no distribution within the legal boundary of the firm. It has developed as a network organization with organic growth both in the shade of, and ahead of, the global multinational corporation, from which it springs. In order to understand the emergence of this network organization, and the visionary and strong entrepreneur who manoeuvred it to where it stands today, and its rationale, we elaborate on a dialectic model of thesis, anti-thesis and synthesis. We also discuss the rational and rhetoric explanation of the organization's emergence through the examination of critical incidents as well as reactions towards more structural limitations and restrictions, as well as windows of opportunity in the shade of the multinational corporation. This article brings up a case of an extreme outsourcing strategy that has been depicted as an internalized business concept, but in our case study the rationale and the current picture is continuously undergoing change. In the analysis we also show how the emergence of the organization can be understood in the light of theories on Schumpeters concept “creative destruction” as well as in terms of the structuration and the process of change as a duality between actor and structure. In this paper we argue that the emergence of FlexLink can be described as dialectic interplay. The network structure emerged by opposition to the mother company's rigid structure and ideology. In the story of emergence it seems to be the unforeseen consequence of tactics played by one single and dominant actor, navigating in the early days to circumvent obstacles of internal policy. Thus the new organization emerges as an antithesis to the corporate policies and modes of operation. The new business was not produced according to a pre-established strategic plan, but rather evolved from a spirit of contradiction and a more or less explicit revolt and ambition to act differently. One important contribution from this study is that entrepreneurship has many faces and applications and also describes the practice of the entrepreneur as a problem solver and a master of fancy footwork. This is elaborated in the paper together with a discussion based on the risks for stagnation or how new – second order - entrepreneurship can emerge.
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| 3. |
- Sjöstrand, Henrik, 1978-
(author)
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Etik på Civilingenjörsprogrammet i Energisystem
- 2021
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Studenterna på Civilingenjörsprogrammet i Energisystem (ES) har länge upplevt att de inte undervisas särskilt mycket inom etikområdet (från programutvärderingarna). Etik var även det området där ES inte fick mycket hög kvalitet i UKÄs senaste utvärdering. Även i granskning av programmatris så har det framkommit att etik inte undervisas i stor omfattning på programmet. ES har därför beslutat att införa en etik-strimma i programmet. I den här presentationen redogörs för planerna och de initiala erfarenheterna från det arbetet.
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| 4. |
- Sjöstrand, Henrik, 1983-
(author)
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Vart är sjöfarten i Sverige på väg : omvärldsanalys 2021
- 2021
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med denna PM är att, utifrån historiska trender, prognoser och aktuell litteratur beskriva möjlig utveckling framöver för godstransporter på sjön. Statistik om volym och typ av gods som transporteras redovisas, och den grå och akademiska litteraturen på området beskrivs. Under perioden 2010–2020 är såväl mängden anlöp, godsvolymer som genomsnittlig bruttodräktighet i svenska hamnar på totalen relativt konstanta. Däremot har stora förändringar skett vad gäller olika fartygstyper och enskilda hamnar. Antal anlöp och godsvolymer med gastankfartyg har ökat medan en minskning har skett för oljetank- och tankfartyg. Det har inte skett någon ökad koncentration, beräknat som de fem största hamnarnas andel av de totala anlöpen och godsvolymerna. För containerfartyg är bilden likartad, även här har andelen anlöp och godsvolymer i de fem största containerhamnarna varit relativt konstanta under perioden. Något annat som talar emot att sjöfarten koncentreras mot färre hamnar är att antalet hamnar med anlöp inte har minskat under perioden. Sjöfarten har tappat marknadsandelar till väg och har inte utvecklats i linje med den tillväxttakt och ökning av import- och exportvolymer för samtliga trafikslag som kan observeras under perioden 2010–2020. Det finns inte mycket som tyder på att denna trend kommer att brytas framöver. På grund av en övergång till en mer serviceorienterad ekonomi och en kraftigt ökad e-handel, en fortsatt elektrifiering och godkännandet av 74-tonslastbilar, finns snarare anledning att tro att en fortsatt försämrad konkurrenssituation för sjöfarten gentemot vägtransporter är att vänta framöver.
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- Sjöstrand Öhrfelt, Magdalena, 1967-
(author)
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Ord och inga visor : konstruktioner av förskolebarnet i kunskapsekonomin
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Historically, changes in preschool policy have been legitimized in relation to ideas about the preschool child and the various problems that the education of this child is supposed to be able to “solve”. From an early age, children have been considered the most effective tool for dealing with a variety of social, economic or environmental issues of central importance for maintaining and developing society.Against this background, the purpose of this thesis is to examine representations of the preschool child in different policy texts (textbooks, research- and educational policy) related to changing requirements and targets affecting contemporary Swedish preschools. Discursive constructions of the preschool child are considered as important central aspects, used to legitimize political reforms in accordance with pedagogical ideas and prevailing social contexts. The thesis focuses on the tensions within contemporary constructions of the preschool child in the so-called “knowledge economy”: i.e. the tensions between a competent child, who is both able and willing to take advantage of education, and a “newcomer” – the vulnerable child – in need of obtaining the benefits of education in order to be able to cope with the future.The simultaneously competent and vulnerable preschool child is thus an efficiently designed target for the interests of economic transnational organizations viewing education mainly in terms of human capital development, as well as an important factor for economic competitiveness.In the thesis’ final analysis, I study how the OECD, EU and IEA are developing methods for measuring and evaluating the results of preschool education, with the intention of being able to "streamline" it by finding universally successful concepts that are both cost-effective and of high quality. The construction of the preschool child as simultaneously competent and vulnerable is used to legitimize shifts in power over the definition of the Swedish preschool agenda, the fundamental ideas of what preschool is about, what its aims are, and for whom it is intended. As these ideas are disguised as being the result of supposedly "objective" forces far from the ideological contradictions of the political sphere, a critical discussion concerning the goals and aims of early childhood education becomes almost impossible to achieve.
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| 6. |
- Flötteröd, Gunnar, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Intensity and severity of ship conflicts : an AIS based approach
- 2023
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- There is a lack of standardized methods for socio-economic evaluations within the maritime transport sector. This paper presents a model for analysing and quantifying the intensity and severity of ship conflicts using AIS (Automatic Identification System) data and expert assessments. Also, a case study applying the proposed method to the Southern Gothenburg Archipelago is carried out. The goal is to contribute to cost-benefit analyses within the maritime transport sector by a better understanding of how different actions, such as the widening of fairways or new regulation, impact maritime safety. The importance of validating the model by comparing its results with independent sources of reported maritime accidents is emphasized, and the challenges of using existing accident statistics for this purpose is discussed. The basic model described in the paper can be built upon by differentiating parameters by region and vessel type, account for seasonality etc. Furthermore, a downstream consequence analysis model is needed to enable a monetary valuation of (the consequences of) identified conflicts. Finally, the same principles as laid out here for conflict analysis can also be adopted to the identification of groundings.
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| 7. |
- Merkel, Axel, 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Economics of shore power for non-liner shipping : socioeconomic appraisal under different access pricing
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The provision of shore power to ships at berth is recognized as an effective measure to reduce the external costs of maritime transport. However, the deployment and uptake of shore power technology is subject to barriers, part of which have to do with insufficient economic incentives for providers and users. Regulatory proposals in the EU have targeted liner shipping segments to be covered by a shore power mandate. There is much less discussion and research focused on other segments of shipping, though these represent a significant share of at-berth emissions. This study uses maritime traffic data and a relatively simple modelling framework to analyse whether public investments in shore power deployment, coupled with added incentives to shipowners, could be socio-economically beneficial. The analysis is focused on maritime traffic in the Swedish port network, but the main findings can likely be generalized beyond this context. We find that investing in (or mandating) the provision of shore power in ports can be socio-economically beneficial also when aimed at segments typically classified as non-liner (or “tramp”). The results do not however indicate that network-wide deployment of shore power is justifiable, but rather that care must be taken to determine the cost-efficient size of the network as well as to design the network of shore power deployment in ports so as to reap benefits of network effects. We also find that the pricing of shore power access has a major impact on expected uptake and consequently on whether or not shore power investments yield benefits in proportion to costs. Crucially, we find that unregulated profit-maximizing pricing by ports leads to significant welfare losses by suppressing take-up among shipowners.
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| 8. |
- Merkel, Axel, 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Economics of shore power under different access pricing
- 2023
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In: Research in Transportation Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0739-8859 .- 1875-7979. ; 101
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Providing shore power to ships at berth is recognized as an effective measure to reduce external costs of maritime transport. However, shore power technology is subject to barriers, part of which relate to insufficient incentives for providers and users. Regulatory proposals in the EU have targeted liner shipping segments to be covered by a shore power mandate. There is much less research focused on non-liner segments of shipping, though these represent a significant share of at-berth emissions. This study uses a relatively simple modelling framework to analyze whether public investments in shore power deployment could be socio-economically beneficial. We find that investing in the provision of shore power in ports can be socio-economically beneficial also when aimed at bulk carriers, tankers and general cargo ships. We also find that the pricing of access affects expected uptake and consequently whether or not shore power investments yield benefits in proportion to costs.
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| 9. |
- Sjöstrand, Henrik, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Hållbar inlandssjöfart i Sverige : offentlig upphandling som effektivt styrmedel?
- 2021
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med rapporten är att utgöra ett kunskapsunderlag för att bättre förstå förutsättningarna för att bedriva inlandssjöfart i Sverige, samt att bidra till kunskap om hur offentliga upphandlingar kan utformas för att bättre ta hänsyn till inlandssjöfartens transportmöjligheter. Syftet är också att analysera nyttor och kostnader som kan uppstå i fall där lösningar för inlandssjöfart upphandlas i stället för vägtransporter. Inlandssjöfarten utgör en mycket liten del av det totala godstransportarbetet i Sverige jämfört med i många andra europeiska länder. Detta kan, enligt den litteratur vi refererar till, förklaras av att Sverige, till skillnad från övriga Europa, inte medger några särskilda lättnader när det kommer till avgifter, bemanning, behörigheter eller krav på lots. Samtidigt tyder tidigare analyser på att potentialen för inlandssjöfart i Sverige generellt sett är liten, och nyttan med riktade lättnader och stödåtgärder kan därför ifrågasättas.
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| 10. |
- Sjöstrand, Henrik, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Samhällsekonomiska analyser och effektsamband för sjösäkerhet med fokus på AI-baserad trafikövervakning
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Förekomsten av sjöolyckor med potentiellt stora konsekvenser utanför VTS-områden (Vessel Traffic Service) men på svenskt vatten kan tyda på att det är lönsamt för samhället att utöka övervakningen av sjötrafiken. En fråga är hur en AI-baserad trafikövervakning kan användas för att upptäcka och hantera trafikavvikelser och att ge stöd till beslutsfattande och om en sådan lösning skulle vara samhällsekonomiskt lönsamt. De viktigaste datakällor, riktlinjer för samhällsekonomiska analyser och effektsamband analyseras ur ett svenskt perspektiv. Följande utvecklingsbehov identifieras: • Analysmetoder för nya/förändrade regelverk och tekniska lösningar behöver utvecklas. Det finns behov av att hantera sjöolyckornas skador på fartyg, last, infrastruktur och natur, som är av större betydelse än för vägtransporter (där personskador har störst betydelse). • Robusta effektsamband för sjösäkerhet saknas. Den befintliga olycksstatistiken och data som tas fram i forskningsprojekt, t ex om vilka farliga trafiksituationer som kan undvikas med hjälp av AI baserad trafikövervakning, bör utnyttjas för att ta fram effektsamband. • Det bör undersökas på vilket sätt FSA-metoden (Formal Safety Assessment) som rekommenderas av IMO (International Maritime Organization) för att utvärdera regleringar som påverkar sjösäkerheten och marina miljöer kan/bör användas i Sverige.
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