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Sökning: WFRF:(Specht Lena) > Medicin och hälsovetenskap

  • Resultat 1-4 av 4
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1.
  • Berthelsen, Anne Kiil, et al. (författare)
  • What's new in target volume definition for radiologists in ICRU Report 71? How can the ICRU volume definitions be integrated in clinical practice?
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Cancer Imaging. - : E-MED LTD. - 1470-7330. ; 7:1, s. 104-104
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The optimal definition of the size, shape and location of gross tumour volume is one of the most important steps in the planning of radiation therapy, and necessitates a proper understanding of the procedure from both the oncologic radiologist and the radiation oncologist. This overview reports on the different terms and concepts that have been recommended in the ICRU Reports for this purpose; the latest Report 71 focuses on both previously given recommendations, and especially on electron beam therapy. This paper also highlights some of the problems that are encountered in the use of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) recommendations in clinical practice, and at the interface between the radiation oncologist and the diagnostic oncologist.
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2.
  • Aarup, Lasse Rye, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of different lung densities on the accuracy of various radiotherapy dose calculation methods: Implications for tumour coverage
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0887 .- 0167-8140. ; 91:3, s. 405-414
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: To evaluate against Monte-Carlo the performance of various dose calculations algorithms regarding lung turnout coverage in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) conditions. Materials and methods: Dose distributions in virtual lung phantoms have been calculated using four commercial Treatment Planning System (TPS) algorithms and one Monte Carlo (MC) system (EGSnrc). We compared the performance of the algorithms in calculating the target dose for different degrees of lung inflation. The phantoms had a cubic 'body' and 'lung' and a central 2-cm diameter spherical 'tumour' (the body and turnout have unit density). The lung tissue was assigned five densities (rho(lung)): 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 1 g/cm(3). Four-field treatment plans were calculated with 6- and 18 MV narrow beams for each value of rho(lung). We considered the Pencil Beam Convolution (PBCEl) and the Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA(ECl)) from Varian Eclipse and the Pencil Beam Convolution (PBCOMP) and the Collapsed Cone Convolution (CCCOMP) algorithms from Oncentra MasterPlan. Results: When changing rho(lung) from 0.4 to 0.1 g/cm(3), the MC median target dose decreased from 89.2% to 74.9% for 6 MV and from 83.3% to 61.6% for 18 MV (of dose maximum in the homogenous case at both energies), while for both PB algorithms the median target dose was virtually independent of lung density. Conclusions: Both PB algorithms overestimated the target dose, the overestimation increasing as rho(lung) decreased. Concerning target dose, the AAA(ECl) and CCCOMP algorithms appear to be adequate alternatives to MC. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Radiotherapy and oncology 91 (2009) 405-414
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3.
  • Bastholt, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Phase I/II clinical and pharmacokinetic study evaluating a fully human monoclonal antibody against EGFr (HuMax-EGFr) in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0887 .- 0167-8140. ; 85:1, s. 24-28
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: To assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and clinical activity of HuMax-EGFr in patients with SCCHN. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight patients with SCCHN were enrolled. The study comprised a single-dose escalation part for assessment of safety issues followed by a repeat dose extension including 4 weekly infusions at the same doses. Efficacy and metabolic response were evaluated according to RECIST by CT and FDG-PET. Results: Most frequently reported adverse event was rash. All but one event were CTC grade 1 or 2 and a dose-dependent relationship was indicated. Duration of skin reactions varied from few days to 2 months. No DLTs were observed and MTD was not reached. In the two highest dose groups, 7 of 11 patients obtained a PR or SD and 9 patients obtained metabolic PR or SD. Conclusions: HuMax-EGFr can be safety administered in doses up to 8 mg/kg, and preliminary data on tumour response are encouraging. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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4.
  • Brodin, N. Patrik, et al. (författare)
  • Life years lost-comparing potentially fatal late complications after radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma on a common scale
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1097-0142 .- 0008-543X. ; 118:21, s. 5432-5440
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The authors developed a framework for estimating and comparing the risks of various long-term complications on a common scale and applied it to 3 different techniques for craniospinal irradiation in patients with pediatric medulloblastoma. METHODS: Radiation dose-response parameters related to excess hazard ratios for secondary breast, lung, stomach, and thyroid cancer; heart failure, and myocardial infarction were derived from large published clinical series. Combined with age-specific and sex-specific hazards in the US general population, the dose-response analysis yielded excess hazards of complications for a cancer survivor as a function of attained age. After adjusting for competing risks of death, life years lost (LYL) were estimated based on excess hazard and prognosis of a complication for 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). RESULTS: Lung cancer contributed most to the estimated LYL, followed by myocardial infarction, and stomach cancer. The estimates of breast or thyroid cancer incidence were higher than those for lung and stomach cancer incidence, but LYL were lower because of the relatively good prognosis. Estimated LYL ranged between 1.90 years for 3D CRT to 0.28 years for IMPT. In a paired comparison, IMPT was associated with significantly fewer LYL than both photon techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Estimating the risk of late complications is associated with considerable uncertainty, but including prognosis and attained age at an event to obtain the more informative LYL estimate added relatively little to this uncertainty. Cancer 2012. (c) 2012 American Cancer Society.
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