| 1. |
- Michel, M., et al.
(författare)
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Small-molecule activation of OGG1 increases oxidative DNA damage repair by gaining a new function
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science. - Stockholm : American Association for the Advancement of Science. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 376:6600, s. 1471-1476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidative DNA damage is recognized by 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), which excises 8-oxoG, leaving a substrate for apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) and initiating repair. Here, we describe a small molecule (TH10785) that interacts with the phenylalanine-319 and glycine-42 amino acids of OGG1, increases the enzyme activity 10-fold, and generates a previously undescribed b,d-lyase enzymatic function. TH10785 controls the catalytic activity mediated by a nitrogen base within its molecular structure. In cells, TH10785 increases OGG1 recruitment to and repair of oxidative DNA damage. This alters the repair process, which no longer requires APE1 but instead is dependent on polynucleotide kinase phosphatase (PNKP1) activity. The increased repair of oxidative DNA lesions with a small molecule may have therapeutic applications in various diseases and aging. © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works
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| 2. |
- Regmi, P., et al.
(författare)
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The future of WRRF modelling - Outlook and challenges
- 2019
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 79:1, s. 3-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wastewater industry is currently facing dramatic changes, shifting away from energy-intensive wastewater treatment towards low-energy, sustainable technologies capable of achieving energy positive operation and resource recovery. The latter will shift the focus of the wastewater industry to how one could manage and extract resources from the wastewater, as opposed to the conventional paradigm of treatment. Debatable questions arise: Can the more complex models be calibrated, or will additional unknowns be introduced? After almost 30 years using well-known International Water Association (IWA) models, should the community move to other components, processes, or model structures like 'black box' models, computational fluid dynamics techniques, etc.? Can new data sources - e.g. on-line sensor data, chemical and molecular analyses, new analytical techniques, off-gas analysis - keep up with the increasing process complexity? Are different methods for data management, data reconciliation, and fault detection mature enough for coping with such a large amount of information? Are the available calibration techniques able to cope with such complex models? This paper describes the thoughts and opinions collected during the closing session of the 6th IWA/WEF Water Resource Recovery Modelling Seminar 2018. It presents a concerted and collective effort by individuals from many different sectors of the wastewater industry to offer past and present insights, as well as an outlook into the future of wastewater modelling.
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| 3. |
- Tapia-Ruiz, Nuria, et al.
(författare)
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2021 roadmap for sodium-ion batteries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2515-7655. ; 3:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasing concerns regarding the sustainability of lithium sources, due to their limited availability and consequent expected price increase, have raised awareness of the importance of developing alternative energy-storage candidates that can sustain the ever-growing energy demand. Furthermore, limitations on the availability of the transition metals used in the manufacturing of cathode materials, together with questionable mining practices, are driving development towards more sustainable elements. Given the uniformly high abundance and cost-effectiveness of sodium, as well as its very suitable redox potential (close to that of lithium), sodium-ion battery technology offers tremendous potential to be a counterpart to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in different application scenarios, such as stationary energy storage and low-cost vehicles. This potential is reflected by the major investments that are being made by industry in a wide variety of markets and in diverse material combinations. Despite the associated advantages of being a drop-in replacement for LIBs, there are remarkable differences in the physicochemical properties between sodium and lithium that give rise to different behaviours, for example, different coordination preferences in compounds, desolvation energies, or solubility of the solid-electrolyte interphase inorganic salt components. This demands a more detailed study of the underlying physical and chemical processes occurring in sodium-ion batteries and allows great scope for groundbreaking advances in the field, from lab-scale to scale-up. This roadmap provides an extensive review by experts in academia and industry of the current state of the art in 2021 and the different research directions and strategies currently underway to improve the performance of sodium-ion batteries. The aim is to provide an opinion with respect to the current challenges and opportunities, from the fundamental properties to the practical applications of this technology.
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| 4. |
- Falcone, Paolo, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Reference Governor for Constrained Piecewise Affine Systems. A Vehicle Dynamics Control Application
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Control Conference (ECC), 23-26 August 2009, Budapest, Hungary.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a novel approach to the design of reference tracking controllers for constrained, discrete-time piecewise affine systems and apply it to a vehicle yaw control problem. The paper is divided in two parts. In the first part, we present a methodology for designing reference tracking controllers for constrained, discrete-time piecewise affine systems. The approach follows the idea of reference governor techniques where the desired set-point is filtered by a system called the “reference governor”. Based on the system current state, set-point, and prescribed constraints, the reference governor computes a new set-point for a low-level controller so that the state and input constraints are satisfied and convergence to the original set-point is guaranteed.In the second part of the paper, we apply the proposedapproach to a vehicle dynamics control problem where thevehicle yaw rate have to be controlled through an Active Front Steering (AFS) system.
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| 5. |
- Fröjdh, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Depth of interaction and bias voltage dependence of the spectral response in a pixellated CdTe detector operating in time-over-threshold mode subjected to monochromatic X-rays
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 7:3, s. Art. no. C03002-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High stopping power is one of the most important figures of merit for X-ray detectors. CdTe is a promising material but suffers from: material defects, non-ideal charge transport and long range X-ray fluorescence. Those factors reduce the image quality and deteriorate spectral information. In this project we used a monochromatic pencil beam collimated through a 20Όm pinhole to measure the detector spectral response in dependance on the depth of interaction. The sensor was a 1mm thick CdTe detector with a pixel pitch of 110Όm, bump bonded to a Timepix readout chip operating in Time-Over-Threshold mode. The measurements were carried out at the Extreme Conditions beamline I15 of the Diamond Light Source. The beam was entering the sensor at an angle of ∌20 degrees to the surface and then passed through ∌25 pixels before leaving through the bottom of the sensor. The photon energy was tuned to 77keV giving a variation in the beam intensity of about three orders of magnitude along the beam path. Spectra in Time-over-Threshold (ToT) mode were recorded showing each individual interaction. The bias voltage was varied between -30V and -300V to investigate how the electric field affected the spectral information. For this setup it is worth noticing the large impact of fluorescence. At -300V the photo peak and escape peak are of similar height. For high bias voltages the spectra remains clear throughout the whole depth but for lower voltages as -50V, only the bottom part of the sensor carries spectral information. This is an effect of the low hole mobility and the longer range the electrons have to travel in a low field. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.
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| 6. |
- Maneuski, D., et al.
(författare)
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Imaging and spectroscopic performance studies of pixellated CdTe Timepix detector
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 7:1, s. Art. no. C01038-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work the results on imaging and spectroscopic performances of 14 × 14 × 1 mm CdTe detectors with 55 × 55Όm and 110 × 110Όm pixel pitch bump-bonded to a Timepix chip are presented. The performance of the 110 × 110Όm pixel detector was evaluated at the extreme conditions beam line I15 of the Diamond Light Source. The energy of X-rays was set between 25 and 77 keV. The beam was collimated through the edge slits to 20Όm FWHM incident in the middle of the pixel. The detector was operated in the time-over-threshold mode, allowing direct energy measurement. Energy in the neighbouring pixels was summed for spectra reconstruction. Energy resolution at 77 keV was found to be ΔE/E = 3.9%. Comparative imaging and energy resolution studies were carried out between two pixel size detectors with a fluorescence target X-ray tube and radioactive sources. The 110 × 110Όm pixel detector exhibited systematically better energy resolution in comparison to 55 × 55Όm. An imaging performance of 55 × 55Όm pixellated CdTe detector was assessed using the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) technique and compared to the larger pixel. A considerable degradation in MTF was observed for bias voltages below -300 V. Significant room for improvement of the detector performance was identified both for imaging and spectroscopy and is discussed. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA.
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| 7. |
- Xu, Tao, et al.
(författare)
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A pillar-array based 2-dimensional photonic crystal microcavity
- 2009
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 94, s. 241110-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental results are presented for a high quality factor cavity based on pillar arrays. The cavityis formed from a square lattice of silicon pillars of finite height. The quality factor of the fundamental mode is about 7300 when the cavity is in air and 7800 when it is immersed in water.Since a pillar array has a large percent of connected void space and confines TM modes effectively,it has great promise for use in numerous areas including biochemical sensing and quantum cascade lasers.
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| 8. |
- Borrelli, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Reference Governor for Constrained Piecewise Affine Systems
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Process Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-1524. ; 19:8, s. 1229-1237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a methodology for designing reference tracking controllers for constrained, discrete-time piecewise affine systems. The approach follows the idea of reference governor techniques where the desired set-point is filtered by a system called the “reference governor”. Based on the system current state, set-point, and prescribed constraints, the reference governor computes a newset-point for a low-level controller so that the state and input constraints are satisfied and convergence to the original set-point is guaranteed.In this note we show how to design a reference governor for constrained piecewise affine systems by using polyhedral invariant sets, reachable sets, multiparametric programming and dynamic programming techniques.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jao, C. -S, et al.
(författare)
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Zero Velocity Detector for Foot-mounted Inertial Navigation System Assisted by a Dynamic Vision Sensor
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 DGON Inertial Sensors and Systems, ISS 2020 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we proposed a novel zero velocity detector, the Dynamic-Vision-Sensor (DVS)-Aided Stance Phase Optimal dEtection (SHOE) detector, for Zero-velocity-UPdaTe (ZUPT)-Aided Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) augmented by a foot-mounted event-based camera DVS128. We observed that the firing rate of the DVS consistently increased during the swing phase and decreased during the stance phase in indoor walking experiments. We experimentally determined that the optimal placement configuration for zero-velocity detection is to mount the DVS next to an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and face the sensor outward. The DVS-SHOE detector was derived in a General Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) framework, combining statistics of the conventional SHOE detector and the DVS firing rate. This paper used two methods to evaluate the proposed DVS-SHOE detector. First, we compared the detection performances of the SHOE detector and the DVS-SHOE detector. The experimental results showed that the DVS-SHOE detector achieved a lower false alarm rate than the SHOE detector. Second, we compared the navigation performance of the ZUPT-Aided INS using the SHOE detector and the DVS detector. The experimental results showed that the Circular Error Probable (CEP) of the case using DVS-SHOE was reduced by around 25 % from 1.2 m to 0.9 m, as compared to the case of the SHOE detector.
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