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- Calissendorff, Love, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Dehumanization Amidst Massacres : An Examination of Dinka-Nuer Intergroup Attitudes in South Sudan
- 2019
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Ingår i: Peace and Conflict. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1078-1919 .- 1532-7949. ; 25:1, s. 37-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research on dehumanization has been conducted primarily in Western contexts, and outside ofperiods of ongoing and highly violent conflict. The present study, in contrast, examines grassroots-leveldehumanization between South Sudan’s two largest ethnic groups—Dinka and Nuer—during an episodeof extreme interethnic violence. Using a mixed-methods approach we study levels of dehumanization andhow these attitudes are related to and structured around ongoing and/or very recent extreme violence.Whereas the results demonstrated mechanistic dehumanization by the Dinka participants vis-a`-vis theNuer, no similar dehumanization was found among the Nuer: although there were clear signs ofintergroup bias. Our focus groups demonstrated that dehumanization attitudes in South Sudan are to agreat degree structured around recent event of mass violence. In fact, practically all dehumanizingattitudes were related to these recent events and not to events previous, or to historicized stereotypes. Thecore contribution of this article is threefold. First, we deepen understanding of dehumanization byexamining a non-Western case with ongoing, highly violent, conflict. Second, we further knowledgeabout the psychological effects of events of mass violence. Third, we provide new insights to the situationin South Sudan by our analysis of intergroup perceptions.
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| 3. |
- Deglow, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
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Local Conflict Intensity and Public Perceptions of the Police : Evidence from Afghanistan
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Politics. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0022-3816 .- 1468-2508. ; 83:4, s. 1337-1352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What are the effects of internal armed conflict on public perceptions of the police? We explore this research question in the context of Afghanistan and argue that local conflict intensity will have a negative impact on how individuals evaluate the police as a key state institution, as it affects both how effective and how just police conduct is at the local level. We evaluate this proposition by employing a multilevel modeling approach that analyzes the effect of local conflict intensity on perceptions of the police among 31,720 Afghans across a sample of 360 districts (2007-12). Results indicate that the higher the local conflict intensity, the less likely individuals are to perceive the police as being effective in fighting crime, procedurally just, and trustworthy. Our study contributes to both the political science literature on the institutional consequences of violent conflicts and the literature on state-building and institutional legitimacy.
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| 4. |
- Deglow, Annekatrin, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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To Blame or to Support? : Large-scale Insurgent Attacks on Civilians and Public Trust in State Institutions
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Studies Quarterly. - : Oxford University Press. - 0020-8833 .- 1468-2478. ; 65:2, s. 435-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While there is a substantial body of literature on the consequences of terror attacks on public attitudes toward state institutions in Western democracies, little is known about the impact that such events have in the context of armed conflict. We address this gap by exploring the attitudinal effects of a 2012 Taliban attack on civilians in Kabul City, Afghanistan. We test two competing hypotheses: the “rally-effect” hypothesis according to which individuals increase their trust in incumbent institutions in the aftermath of violent attacks and the “accountability” hypothesis according to which individuals punish state institutions for their inability to provide security by withdrawing trust. Leveraging a quasi-experiment that compares individuals interviewed before the attack to individuals interviewed thereafter, we find that the attack—in line with the rally-effect hypothesis—increased trust in several state institutions among residents of Kabul City.
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| 8. |
- Gustavsson, Gina, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Intolerance in the Name of Liberalism : Opposition to Muslim Headscarves in Sweden and the Netherlands
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, August 30, 2014 Washington DC, USA.. - Rochester, NY : Social Science Research Network.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Opposition to Muslim headscarves remains high in otherwise typically tolerant countries, like Sweden and the Netherlands. One suggested explanation is a mounting concern among liberal Europeans that Muslims threaten liberal values. Yet, the nature of these threatened values remains obscure. Empirical research on anti-Muslim attitudes in general, and their relation to liberal values in particular is limited.What understanding of liberalism characterizes those who oppose Muslim veiling? By studying attitudes towards the veil in a Swedish and a Dutch sample, we test a number of hypotheses informed by political theory, and the burgeoning field of immigration studies, which have rarely been used in political psychology. We include measures of different conceptions of liberalism and value orientations and resistance to Muslim veils.Our analyses suggest that post-materialism values are too crude measures for parsing out intolerance against the Muslim veil in a liberal sample. Positive attitudes to veiling are best predicted by a Reformation Liberalism, a commitment to a diversity-oriented understanding of liberalism. Both Enlightenment Liberalism (emphasizing autonomy) and Romantic Liberalism (stressing authenticity and individuality), on the other hand, seem to induce more negative attitudes towards the headscarf, yet providing mixed results in the two studies. Possible explanations for these mixed results are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Marcus, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Bakom Somalias kulisser
- 2012
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Islamistgerillan al-Shabaab lämnade i dagarna sitt sista starka fäste, hamnstaden Kismayo. Innebär detta en seger för regeringen, och hur ser förutsättningarna ut för fred i Somalia? Marcus Nilsson och Ralph Sundberg analyserar det politiska dagsläget på Afrikas horn.
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| 10. |
- Ruffa, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking the Frame : Frame Disputes of War and Peace
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 61:3, s. 317-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frames guide the way in which organizations and individuals interpret their surrounding contexts and shape avenues for thought, action, and behavior. This paper tests the individual-level effects of experiencing frame disputes': the state of holding individual-level frames that are at odds with dominant organizational frames. We hypothesize that on the individual level a frame dispute will be associated with negative effects on outcomes important for an organization's functioning. The hypothesis is tested using a survey of a battalion of Italian soldiers. Our results demonstrate that, on average, soldiers who experienced frame disputes in that they perceived their mission differently from the dominant organizational frame displayed significantly lower levels of perceived cohesion, performance, and legitimacy. Frame disputes are likely to be widespread phenomena among organizations and social movements, and understanding their effects has theoretical, empirical, and policy relevance beyond the military case under study.
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