| 1. |
- Sundin, Maria, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Mars - a target for teachers and science students
- 2020
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Ingår i: Contribution to IAU 367S, Education and Heritage in the Era of Big Data in Astronomy, 8-12 December 2020..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A case study is here presented of an interdisciplinary course about Mars for teachers and science students. We aim to share the experience of creating an interdisciplinary approach with lecturers spanning physics, geology, radiation physics and philosophy. Issues in ethics, morality, rights and obligations, conflict management and human psychology as well as rocket orbits, fuel economy, radiation hazards and knowledge of the solar system have proven to be a valued and successful initiative for the further training of teachers and science students. The focus of the course is on planning for a journey with humans to the planet Mars. This provides a great opportunity to package complex societal problems in a physics context. The course is offered with a special sustainability content mark. Mankind has always had a strong and dependent relationship with the physical landscape. The land has given us food and shelter but also imposed challenges and disasters. Understanding the physical environment has been crucial for our survival and development. The same will be equally, or more important for Mars where life conditions are much more extreme. We highlight similarities and differences in the geologic processes that have shaped Earth and Mars. What conditions do the future explorers on Mars have to manage? We then enter the modern era and explore the dynamic Martian landscape of today. Also, by learning to read the landscape we may find locations of shelter such as vast systems of lava tubes, or locations of essential resources such as preserved glacial ice etc. A journey to Mars will cause substantially higher personal irradiation than obtained on Earth. The radiation part of the course lectures starts with defining the different radiation types and the biological effects these different types of radiation will cause. Then, the difference between the irradiation on Earth to the elevated irradiation in space and on Mars is described. Thereafter, it is discussed if this elevated radiation burden can cause acute biological effects, e.g. fatigue, vomiting and death, and late biological effects as cancer induction. Last, possible radiation protection strategies are described and discussed. The philosophy of space exploration consists of philosophical approaches to ethics, presently applied to the topic of Mars exploration and colonization, with environmental ethics (anthropocentric vs ecocentric) and value theory at its core. Four main uses of philosophy are distinguished: ethics, aesthetics, cognition and existentialism. Research has shown that visual representation is an important part for students to be able to create a deeper understanding of concepts as well as context about the material that is taught. Interdisciplinary and complex societal problems have also been shown to be important in science teaching. One way for the teacher to develop his/her teaching is to take further education courses in universities whose focus is to seek and discuss the complex societal problems as well as its solutions from a physics and teacher perspective. Future research could be done on the impact of this course on the education in different levels.
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| 2. |
- Sundin, Maria, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Mars – a target for teachers and science students
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, Vol 15, Symposium 367S. - 1743-9213 .- 1743-9221.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An interdisciplinary course about Mars for teachers and science students is presented. The focus of the course is on planning for a journey with humans to the planet Mars. Issues in ethics, morality, rights and obligations, conflict management and human psychology as well as rocket orbits, fuel economy, radiation hazards and knowledge of the solar system are included. Examination of the teacher students include interpretation of the course material for future pedagogical usage.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jadidi, M, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a new system for chest tomosynthesis : aspects of image quality of different protocols determined using an anthropomorphic phantom.
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 88:1053, s. 20150057-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare the image quality obtained with the different protocols in a new chest digital tomosynthesis (DTS) system.METHODS: A chest phantom was imaged with chest X-ray equipment with DTS. 10 protocols were used, and for each protocol, nine acquisitions were performed. Four observers visually rated the quality of the reconstructed section images according to pre-defined quality criteria in four different classes. The data were analysed with visual grading characteristics (VGC) analysis, using the vendor-recommended protocol [12-s acquisition time, source-to-image distance (SID) 180 cm] as reference, and the area under the VGC curve (AUCVGC) was determined for each protocol and class of criteria.RESULTS: Protocols with a smaller swing angle resulted in a lower image quality for the classes of criteria "disturbance" and "homogeneity in nodule" but a higher image quality for the class "structure". The class "demarcation" showed little dependency on the swing angle. All protocols but one (6.3 s, SID 130 cm) obtained an AUCVGC significantly <0.5 (indicating lower quality than reference) for at least one class of criteria.CONCLUSION: The study indicates that the DTS protocol with 6.3 s yields image quality similar to that obtained with the vendor-recommended protocol (12 s) but with the clinically important advantage for patients with respiratory impairment of a shorter acquisition time.ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The study demonstrates that the image quality may be strongly affected by the choice of protocol and that the vendor-recommended protocol may not be optimal.
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| 5. |
- Lankester, Arjan C, et al.
(författare)
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Hematopoietic cell transplantation in severe combined immunodeficiency: The SCETIDE 2006-2014 European cohort.
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6825 .- 0091-6749. ; 149:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a curative treatment for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a group of monogenic immune disorders with an otherwise fatal outcome.We performed a comprehensive multicenter analysis of genotype-specific HSCT outcome, including detailed analysis of immune reconstitution (IR) and the predictive value for clinical outcome.HSCT outcome was studied in 338 patients with genetically confirmed SCID who underwent transplantation in 2006-2014 and who were registered in the SCETIDE registry. In a representative subgroup of 152 patients, data on IR and long-term clinical outcome were analyzed.Two-year OS was similar with matched family and unrelated donors and better than mismatched donor HSCT (P<.001). The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) was similar in matched and mismatched unrelated donor and less favorable in mismatched related donor (MMRD) HSCT (P< .001). Genetic subgroups did not differ in 2-year OS (P= .1) and EFS (P=.073). In multivariate analysis, pretransplantation infections and use of MMRDs were associated with less favorable OS and EFS. With a median follow-up of 6.2 years (range, 2.0-11.8 years), 73 of 152 patients in the IR cohort were alive and well without Ig dependency. IL-2 receptor gamma chain/Janus kinase 3/IL-7 receptor-deficient SCID, myeloablative conditioning, matched donor HSCT, and naive CD4 T lymphocytes >0.5×10e3/μL at+1 year were identified as independent predictors of favorable clinical and immunologic outcome.Recent advances in HSCT in SCID patients have resulted in improved OS and EFS in all genotypes and donor types. To achieve a favorable long-term outcome, treatment strategies should aim for optimal naive CD4 T lymphocyte regeneration.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Sundin, Maria, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Minor Bodies Making an Impact on Education
- 2022
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Ingår i: Virtual poster presentation at the 53rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, LPSC 2022.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Särner, Barbro, 1942, et al.
(författare)
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Use of different mouth rinses in an adult Swedish population
- 2012
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 36:1, s. 53-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of mouthrinse products in a Swedish adult population and the factors that influence their use. A questionnaire, comprising semi-closed questions focusing on mouthrinses for oral health, was distributed to randomly selected 700 individuals aged 17-94years (final response rate of 60%). The data revealed that 47% of the individuals use a mouthrinse product on a regular basis and that it does not differ significantly due to age. Women use such products to a greater extent than men. Individuals who brush their teeth and who use approximal cleaning aids frequently appear to use mouthrinse products to a greater degree. Rinsing is primarily performed once a day or more (45%), in the evening (57%) and after brushing (87%). Those individuals that have been recommended to use the products by dentists and dental hygienists use them to a greater degree (78%) than those who have not received any recommendations (27%). Apart from dental personnel, advertising also plays a significant role in product selection. Of the different products available on the market, pure fluoride products constitute 46%. To summarise, this study indicates that a Swedish adult population, especially women, uses mouthrinse products to a relatively large extent, mainly as a supplement to other oral hygiene procedures such as brushing with a fluoride toothpaste twice daily. To select the most suitable product, the dental personnell should play a more active role in recommendations to the patients who need or want to use mouth rinses.
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