Role of nitric oxide during rotavirus infection.

• The pathophysiological mechanisms behind rotavirus-induced diarrhoea still remain incomplete. Current views suggest that the non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) of rotavirus and the enteric nervous system (ENS) participate in water secretion and diarrhoea. In the present work the role of nitric oxide (NO) in rotavirus infection and disease has been studied in vitro, mice and humans. Incubation of human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29) with purified NSP4 but not with infectious virus produced NO2/NO3 accumulation in the incubation media. The NSP4-induced release of NO metabolites occurred within the first minutes after the addition of the toxin. Mice infected with murine rotavirus (strain EDIM) accumulated NO2/NO3 in the urine at the onset for diarrhoea. Following rotavirus infection, inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) mRNA was upregulated in ileum, but not in duodenum or jejunum of newborn pups within 5 days post-infection. A prospective clinical study including 46 children with acute rotavirus infection and age-matched controls concluded that rotavirus infection stimulates NO production during the course of the disease (P < 0.001). These observations identify NO as an important mediator of host responses during rotavirus infection.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Mikrobiologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Microbiology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Fysiologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Physiology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Animals

Animals

Newborn

Base Sequence

Case-Control Studies

Cell Line

Gastroenteritis

etiology

metabolism

Glycoproteins

toxicity

Humans

Infant

Mice

Mice

Inbred BALB C

Nitric Oxide

metabolism

Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II

genetics

Prospective Studies

RNA

Messenger

genetics

metabolism

Rotavirus

pathogenicity

Rotavirus Infections

etiology

metabolism

Toxins

Biological

toxicity

Viral Nonstructural Proteins

toxicity

MEDICINE

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)