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Sökning: WFRF:(Svensson Olle) > Annan publikation

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  • Gopakumar, Geethanjali, 1992-, et al. (författare)
  • X-ray Induced Fragmentation of Protonated Cystine
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Protein structure determination using high-intensity X-ray sources induces damage in the protein. Disulfide bridges, formed between two cysteine amino acid residues stabilize the protein structure. Owing to the higher absorption cross-section of sulfur for X-ray photons, and a large number of electrons released from sulfur atoms, these disulfide bridges are hot spots for a higher level of noise in structural studies. But it is yet to be understood how exactly the damage occurs through the interaction of the disulfide bridges with photons. Here we study the fragmentation of protonated cystine in the gas phase, which is the dimer of cysteine, by irradiation with X-rays across the sulfur L-edge using an electrospray ionization source (ESI) in combination with an ion trap. This is complemented with the calculation of the sulfur NEXAFS spectrum on the level of Restricted Open-Shell Configuration Interaction (ROCIS) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for molecular orbital visualization as well as Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations for the fragmentation of triply charged cystine ions. We have deduced a possible pathway of fragmentation upon excitation and ionization of S 2p electrons by combining the experiments and simulations. The disulfide bridge breaks for resonant excitation at lower energies but remains intact upon higher energy resonant excitation and upon ionization of S 2p. The larger fragments formed subsequently break into smaller fragments. 
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  • Hellström, Magnus, et al. (författare)
  • A population-based 220,014- injury event cohort 1993-2014 Umeå, Sweden
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • AbstractInjury kills more people than AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis—together. In rich countries fall injuries dominate quantitatively, while other mechanisms as traffic and occupational injuries decrease. This is a descriptive macro-perspective of the entire injury as a data repository and reference to further more comprehensive studies, e.g., socio-demography, comorbidity, drugs and trauma recidivism.A population-based registration of patients admitted to an emergency department was done 1993-2014.Of the 220,014 injury events, 43% were fall injuries, 12% transportation injuries; assault 4%; 18% were hospitalized; 0.2% were fatal. Young men and old women were at the highest risk for injury. There were 23% fractures in the entire material, increasing to 40% in senescence, whereof 40% hip fractures. With age, fracture locations changed from distal to proximal, and from upper to lower extremity. Fall injuries accounted for 80% of all trauma-related hospital days, mostly old people. The spatial distribution of the population is heavily skewed, spanning from urban core areas to rural peripheries.This is a description of a population-based injury panorama to further studies linking cause, mechanism and type of injury to available medical, sociologic and economic information. Age and sex affected the type, soft tissue injury/fracture and anatomic location, i.e., proximal/distal and upper/lower extremity. At the beginning and end of life, endogenic risk factors are more dominant than in adulthood where exogenic factors dominate. It therefore seems reasonable to believe that it should be possible to substantially prevent injuries by using multipronged analyses to design specific interventions. Injuries are not accidents.
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  • Persson, Alexander, 1978-, et al. (författare)
  • Apoptotic neutrophils activates the inflammatory response in macrophages –increased capacity to handle intracellular infection
  • Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • Inflammation is essential to eradicate invading pathogens but an uncontrolled inflammation may develop into chronic inflammation and extensive tissue destruction unable of effectively controlling infections. At the site of infection, macrophages are the major regulators of the inflammatory response through balanced release of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and therefore a key cell in the resolution of inflammation. Neutrophils effectively phagocytose and kill pathogens but they are short-lived and removal of these dead cells by macrophages is a key event in the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. However, down-regulation of the immune response by apoptotic cells would in the presence of pathogens be detrimental to the host. In contrast to resolution of inflammation, we show that in the presence of microbial stimuli, apoptotic neutrophils in fact exert a potent pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages. This augmentation of the pro-inflammatory response is dependent on uptake of the apoptotic cells by the macrophage. In addition to secretion of TNF-α, presence of apoptotic neutrophils enhanced the capacity of the stimulated macrophages to kill intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This presents a novel role for apoptotic neutrophils in the modulation of the macrophage-dependent inflammatory response, and control of intracellular infections.
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  • Pokapanich, Wandared, et al. (författare)
  • Ionic charge dependence of ion-solvent ICD time-scale for aqueous ions probed by the core-hole clock
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Auger electron spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations have been applied to investigate the decay of the Ca 2p core hole of aqueous Ca2+. Localized final states due to Auger-like and de-localized final states due to ICD-like decay processes are identified. By applying the core-hole clock spectroscopy method, the time constant of the ICD-like decay was determined to 24±6 fs for Ca2+. We have compared to ICD-like processes in other aqueous ions, K+, Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+, and observe a variation of the time constants of two orders of magnitude. This large variation is qualitatively explained by differences both internal and external to the ions; different internal decay mechanisms of the ions, as well as external differences in the ion-solute distances and interactions.
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  • Röding, Fredrik, et al. (författare)
  • Geriatric falls. A Population-based study 27,402 injury events in people 65 years and older
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background:  In rich countries falls are one of the commonest injuries, killing more people than all other injury mechanisms together, incapacitating orders of magnitude more, and are responsible for >70% of all trauma hospital beds.Materials:  All injuries admitted to the emergency department, 1993-2014, Umeå university hospital, Sweden were registered, e.g., mechanism, injury, localization, type, severity score and treatment, 220,014 injury events. Here we look at 27,402 falls in people over 64.Results:  Geriatric fall injuries were 12.5% of all admissions, responsible for 40.7% of all trauma-related hospital days. Fall was the only injury mechanism where women dominated. Between 65-69, falls were 64% of all injuries; for 90+ not less than 93%. With age, severity score increased: between 65 and 69, 10% had score ≥ 3; in 90+, 29% had. Hip fractures increased from 6.2% to 24.4% of all injuries. There was no apparent association between recorded fall height and severity score. Both fractures and soft tissue injuries became more common in the lower extremity, and also more proximal.Conclusions: The changing age/sex patterns in type and localization indicate that extraskeletal factors govern the injury localization/type, not only bone strength. The injury distribution and increasing severity with age, also indicate that not only fall tendency, but also deficient neuromuscular reflexes that distribute the kinetic energy matter; impact can be high even after a fall from standing or less. Therefore, secondary fracture prevention should involve all fall injuries, and also aim at all modifiable risk factors.
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