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| 2. |
- Admassie, Shimelis, et al.
(författare)
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A polymer photodiode using vapour-phase polymerized PEDOT as an anode
- 2006
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. ; 90:2, s. 133-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the photovoltaic properties of devices made using a highly conducting polymer electrode, from vapor-phase polymd. poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy) thiophene (VPP PEDOT) on glass substrate as an anode and a polyfluorene copolymer poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2thienyl-2',1'3'-benzothiadiazole)] (APFO-3) mixed with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM) in the ratio of 1:4 as the active layer. The device performance was compared with that of devices made with PEDOT-PSS on glass substrates. The surfaces of VPP PEDOT were imaged using at. force microscopy (AFM). [on SciFinder (R)]
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| 3. |
- Gadisa, Abay, et al.
(författare)
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Improvements of fill factor in solar cells based on blends of polyfluorene copolymers as electron donors
- 2007
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 515:5, s. 3126-3131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells based on alternating polyfluorene copolymers, poly(2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)) (APFO-3), and poly(2,7-(9,9-didodecyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)) (APFO-4), blended with an electron acceptor fullerene molecule [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), have been investigated and compared. The two copolymers have the same aromatic backbone structure but differ by the length of their alkyl side chain. The overall photovoltaic performance of the solar cells is comparable irrespective of the copolymer used in the active layer. However, the fill factor (FF) values of the devices are strongly affected by the copolymer type. Higher FF values were realized in solar cells with APFO-4 (with longer alkyl side chain)/PCBM bulk heterojunction active layer. On the other hand, devices with blends of APFO-3/APFO-4/PCBM were found to render fill factor values that are intermediate between the values obtained in solar cells with APFO-3/PCBM and APFO-4/PCBM active film. Upon using APFO-3/APFO-4 blends as electron donors, the cell efficiency can be enhanced by about 16% as compared to cells with either APFO-3 or APFO-4. The transport of holes in each polymer obeys the model of hopping transport in disordered media. However, the degree of energetic barrier against hopping was found to be larger in APFO-3. The tuning of the photovoltaic parameters will be discussed based on studies of hole transport in the pure polymer films, and morphology of blend layers. The effect of bipolar transport in PCBM will also be discussed.
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| 4. |
- Inganaes, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Alternating fluorene copolymer-fullerene blend solar cells
- 2005
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Ingår i: Optical Science and Engineering. ; 99, s. 387-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a new class of alternating fluorene copolymers, which can be combined with a fullerene acceptor, to make polymer blends suitable for photovoltaic energy conversion. By choice of comonomers in the polymer, it is possible to engineer the optical absorption spectrum and to cover the wavelength range down to 900 nm. The transport properties of the polymers investigated so far are competitive with other polymers used in polymer solar cells and the mixing of polymers with acceptors in the form of fullerenes is extensive. These polymers are therefore of interest in the future developments of high-performance polymer solar cells. [on SciFinder (R)]
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| 5. |
- Inganäs, Olle, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Alternating fluorene copolymer/fullerene blend solar cells
- 2005. - 1
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Ingår i: Organic Photovoltaics. - Boca Raton, FL, USA : CRC Press. - 082475963X - 9780824759636 ; , s. 387-402
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recently developed organic photovoltaics (OPVs) show distinct advantages over their inorganic counterparts due to their lighter weight, flexible shape, versatile materials synthesis and device fabrication schemes, and low cost in large-scale industrial production. Although many books currently exist on general concepts of PV and inorganic PV materials and devices, few are available that offer a comprehensive overview of recently fast developing organic and polymeric PV materials and devices.Organic Photovoltaics: Mechanisms, Materials, and Devicesfills this gap. The book provides an international perspective on the latest research in this rapidly expanding field with contributions from top experts around the world. It presents a unified approach comprising three sections: General Overviews; Mechanisms and Modeling; and Materials and Devices. Discussions include sunlight capture, exciton diffusion and dissociation, interface properties, charge recombination and migration, and a variety of currently developing OPV materials/devices. The book also includes two forewords: one by Nobel Laureate Dr. Alan J. Heeger, and the other by Drs. Aloysius Hepp and Sheila Bailey of NASA Glenn Research Center.Organic Photovoltaics equips students, researchers, and engineers with knowledge of the mechanisms, materials, devices, and applications of OPVs necessary to develop cheaper, lighter, and cleaner renewable energy throughout the coming decades.
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| 6. |
- Inganäs, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Low bandgap alternating polyfluorene copolymers in plastic photodiodes and solar cells
- 2004
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Ingår i: Applied Physics A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0947-8396 .- 1432-0630. ; 79:1, s. 31-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a comparative study of plastic photodiodes using four different copolymers of fluorene, with a variation of alkyl side chain length and chemical structure. Photodiode materials are formed by blending the polymers with a fullerene derivative and spincoating the blend solution. A photovoltage of 1 V is obtained in devices, where the anode is a doped polymer and the cathode is LiF/Al. Monochromatic quantum efficiencies are better than 40% over most of the absorption range, and under solar light AM 1.5 simulation, we reach energy efficiencies beyond 2%. The high fill factors obtained in some of the devices indicate that these are of interest for more elaborate optimisation. Reasons for the benign electrical transport are discussed. © Springer-Verlag 2004.
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| 7. |
- Svensson, M., et al.
(författare)
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High-performance polymer solar cells of an alternating polyfluorene copolymer and a fullerene derivative
- 2003
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 15:12, s. 988-991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-performance polymer solar cells of an alternating polyfluorene copolymer, PFDTBT, and a fullerene derivative were studied. It was shown that PFDTBT is a promising candidate for obtaining high energy conversion efficiency when combined with a suitable electron acceptor. Results showed that high-performance solar cells with extended spectral coverage and increased open-circuit voltage could be prepared from composites prepared from electron acceptor.
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| 8. |
- Svensson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and properties of alternating polyfluorene copolymers with redshifted absorption for use in solar cells
- 2003
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Ingår i: Synthetic metals. - : Elsevier. - 0379-6779 .- 1879-3290. ; 135-136, s. 137-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three fluorene based alternating copolymers with redshifted absorption were synthesized and used as the active layer in photodiodes. The polymers are soluble in common solvents. The photodiodes cover a large part of the solar spectrum with high external quantum efficiency and we reach 2.4% power conversion efficiency for the best device in this study.
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| 9. |
- Yohannes, T., et al.
(författare)
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Polyfluorene copolymer based bulk heterojunction solar cells
- 2004
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 449:1-2, s. 152-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bulk heterojunction solar cells based on blends of photoactive layers of polyfluorene copolymer Poly((2,7-(9-(2'-ethylhexyl)-9-hexyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole))-co-(2, 7-(9-(2'-ethylhexyl)-9-hexyl-fluorene)-alt-2,5-thiophene)) (LBPF3) acting as electron donor, and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM), acting as electron acceptor, were constructed and studied. The power conversion efficiency for a 1:4 (by weight) blend of LBPF3:PCBM under simulated solar light illumination having light intensity of 100 mW/cm2 was 1.7%, and 9.2% under monochromatic (565 nm) light illumination with light intensity of 0.145 mW/cm2. The maximum external quantum efficiency (incident photons to converted electrons) for this device was found to be above 40% from 400 to 560 nm. The effects of blend composition and film thickness on the photovoltaic parameters were also studied. The incident light intensity dependence of the short circuit current showed a linear relationship. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Zhang, Fengling, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of buffer layers on the performance of polymer solar cells
- 2004
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 84:19, s. 3906-3908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of the influence of different anode buffer layers on the performance of solar cells based on blends of polyfluorene copolymers, acting as electron donor, and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM), acting as electron acceptor was presented. The construction of buffer later was done from different forms of poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly-(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS). Variations in open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor were also observed. The anode buffer layer influences the photovoltage of polymer solar cells by controlling the conditions for charge injection at the anode.
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