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- Maret, Eva, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Feature tracking of cine-MRI identifies left ventricular segments with myocardial scar
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The aim of the study was to apply a new feature tracking software (Diogenes MRI, Tomtec GmbH, Unterschliessheim, Germany) on cine-MR images to evaluate its utility and ability to detect infarcted myocardium and to assess the transmural extent of scar without the need for administering intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agents. Methods: Thirty patients (3 women and 27 men) were selected based on the presence or absence of extensive myocardial scar in the perfusion area of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) but not in remote areas. Seventeen had a scar transmurality >75% in at least one segment belonging to the LAD area (scar patients) and thirteen had scar <1% in this area or in other parts of the myocardium (non-scar patients). The software tracked the motion of the wall through the entire cardiac cycle using two different techniques. Velocity, displacement and strain were calculated in 48 points in the longitudinal direction, tangential to the endocardial outline, and in the radial direction, perpendicular to the tangent. Results: In the scar patients, LAD segments showed lower functional measures than remote segments. The remote segments in the scar group showed, in turn, lower functional measures than the remote segments in the non-scar group. Receiver-operatorcharacteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for all measurements. Best area-undercurve was for radial strain, 0.89, where a cut-off value of 38.8% had 80% sensitivity and 86% specificity for the detection of a segment with scar transmurality >50% in the LAD distribution. As a percentage of the mean, intraobserver variability was for radial measures 16-14-26% for displacement-velocity-strain and for the corresponding interobserver measurements 13-12-18%. Conclusions: With the presented method, we show for the first time its ability to detect scar segments with various transmurality already from an analysis of cine-MRI, without the need for the administration of gadolinium-based contrast. The accuracy and repeatability of the radial functional measurements is satisfactory and global measures agree with other aspects of global left ventricular function.
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- Edell-Gustafsson, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep-activity profile and quality of life in patients with stable coronary disease
- 2003
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Ingår i: Sleep. - Westchester, IL, United States : Associated Professional Sleep Societies, Llc. - 0161-8105 .- 1550-9109. ; 26:Abstract supplement, s. A357-A357
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Previous studies have examined the relationship between initiation sleep difficulties and quality of life. However, when reviewing the literature in this area we found no reports of a relationship between evening physical activity and health related quality of life in patients with coronary disease. This study was designed to investigate assumed sleep, circadian rhythm, evening physical activity and health related quality of life.Methods: Twenty-six men and 21 women, mean age 64.0 (SD 8.9) years and 63 (SD 9.3) years, respectively, with stable angina pectoris were included. For assessment of health related quality of life the patients completed the SF36 questionnaire. The data were compared with those for men and women in the general Swedish population. Physical activity was continuously recorded at home, using actigraphy with an integral light recorder (Model AW-L, Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd, UK) in 1-minute epochs during one week. The data were downloaded by Actiwatch Reader and imported to the Actiwatch software for Windows 98.Results: Average time of going to bed was 22.37, sleep latency 27 minutes, assumed sleep duration 7.59 hr, time in bed 8.56 hr and sleep efficiency 79.2%. No differences were found during the seven nights. Nonparametric analysis of the circadian rhythm showed that 39 of 47 patients had the lowest 5-hour count activity onset at 00.00 p.m. and 41of 47 patients had the maximal 10 hr count onset 08.00 a.m. or later. Sleep analysis indicated reduced activity in the evening (p.m. 06.00-09.00). Some actigraphic parameters of the evening activity associated significantly with circadian rhythm parameters. Compared to the general Swedish population, the patients ́ health related quality of life waspoor. Linear stepwise regression analysis showed that reduced activity 3 evenings/week significantly explained health related quality of life in32.3% of role function outcome, due to physical causes (p=0.0001) and in 24.7% (p<0.01) of social function, whereas reduced activity 2 evenings/week explained 20% (p<0.01) of body pain.Conclusions: These data indicate that sleep-activity profile is associated with health related quality of life in patients with stable angina pectoris.
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- Säfström, Kåge, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of the presence and extent of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women after an episode of unstable coronary artery disease : incremental value of exercise electrocardiography and thallium-201 SPECT
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims To compare the incremental diagnostic properties of Thallium-201 (201TI) SPECT perfusion imaging with clinical and exercise test variables in a female population with a suspected high prevalence of coronary artery disease.Methods and Results We prospectively studied 121 postmenopausal women admitted to the coronary care unit with symptoms of unstable coronary artery disease and ECG changes suggestive of ischaemia. Incremental diagnostic logistic algorithms were developed. These included pretest variables (age; body mass index; previous myocardial infarction; myocardial markers at inclusion and type of anginal symptoms); exercise test (maximum workload; occurrence of ST-depression ≥ 0.1mV and peak heart rate); and 201TI scintigram (extent of thallium uptake abnormalities during exercise and presence of reversibility). End points were presence of coronary artery disease (250% diameter stenosis) and extent ('severe coronary artery disease' defined as left main, three vessel disease and two vessel disease involving proximal left anterior descending). Diagnostic accuracy and incremental value were assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Incremental curve areas for disease presence were pretest 0.76 ±0.04, post-exercise ECG 0.83 ±0.04 (p<0.02 for the increment), and post-thallium scintigraphy 0.89 ±0.03 (p<0.02) and for disease extent were pretest 0.82 ±0.04, post-exercise ECG 0.89 ±0.03 (p<0.01 for the increment), and post thallium scintigraphy 0.92 ±0.02 (p = ns).Conclusion In postmenopausal women, stable after an episode of unstable coronary artery disease, there is an incremental value of adding 201TI SPECT to clinical parameters and exercise testing in the determination of coronary artery disease. In women with severe coronary artery disease there was no significant additive value of myocardial scintigraphy.
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- Alfredsson, Joakim
(författare)
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Management and Outcome in Non ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes : Similarities and Differences Between Women and Men
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Non ST-elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes are the most frequent manifestations of acute ischemic heart disease. Gender differences in treatment intensity, including differences in level of care, have been reported. Also differences in benefit from certain treatments, especially invasive treatment, have been discussed. Finally, difference in outcome between men and women, have been proposed. Results have been inconsistent, partly depending on if and how adjustment for differences in background characteristics has been made. The aims of the studies in this thesis were to assess differences between the genders in baseline characteristics, level of care, medical treatment and non-invasive and invasive cardiac procedures. The aims were also to determine gender differences in short and long-term mortality, including impact of level of care, and to determine differences between the genders in benefit from an invasive strategy, with special reference to benefit in women.Method: We used prospectively collected data from the RIKS-HIA registry in two studies (Paper I and IV). In one study we merged data from patients admitted to general wards in the south-east region of Sweden (The AKUT registry), with data from patients admitted to CCU´s (RIKS-HIA) at participating hospitals during the same time (Paper II). We also randomly assigned women to a routine invasive or a selective invasive treatment strategy, and performed a meta-analysis, to determine gender differences in benefit from a routine invasive strategy (Paper III).Results: Women were older than men and more likely to have a history of diabetes and hypertension, while men were more likely to have a history of myocardial infarction and revascularisation. Women were also more likely to have normal coronary arteries on the angiogram. After adjustment for baseline differences there were only minor, and directionally inconsistent, differences between women and men in pharmacological treatment. Men were more often referred for coronary angiography, even after adjustment. While CABG-rate was lower in women, after adjustment PCI-rate was similar or even higher compared to men. After adjustment for differences in age, longterm outcome was better in women. In our small but randomised trial there was no benefit from a routine invasive strategy in women. A meta-analysis indicated interaction between gender and treatment strategy, with lack of benefit in women, in contrast to in men. However, our large observational study indicated no gender difference with an invasive strategy. Moreover, benefit was similar in women and men with invasive treatment.Conclusion: There are substantial differences between women and men in baseline characteristics that affect management and outcome more than gender per se. After adjustment women have better long-term outcome than men. There appear to be a difference in benefit from a routine invasive strategy between the genders, with less benefit in women, but in routine clinical management there was no difference between women and men managed with an invasive strategy.
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- Alfredsson, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Similar outcome with an invasive strategy in men and women with Non ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Gender differences in benefit from an early invasive strategy in patients with Non ST-elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes (NSTE ACS) have been debated and results are conflicting. Some studies have even indicated harm for women associated with a routine invasive strategy. Method: We included 46 455 patients ( 14 819 women (32%) and 31 636 men (68%)) from The Register of Information and Knowledge about Swedish Heart Intensive care Admissions (RIKS-HIA), with a diagnosis of either unstable angina pectoris or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. All patients were admitted to intensive coronary care units in Sweden, between 2000 and 2006, and followed for 1 year. Adjustment for baseline differences between the genders was made. Results: In the non-invasive strategy arm relative risk (RR) of death was (women vs. men) 1.02 (95% CI, 0.94-1.11) and in the invasive strategy arm 1.12 (95% CI, 0.96-1.29). After adjustment for baseline differences between the genders with propensity score and discharge medication there was a trend towards lower mortality among women, RR 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.99) in the early non-invasive group but still no difference in the early invasive cohort RR 0.90 (95% CI, 0.76-1.06). Results were similar with the combined end-point death/MI. The risk reduction with an invasive strategy was similar in women (RR 0.46 (95% CI 0.38-0.55)) and men (RR 0.45 (95% CI 0.40-0.52). Conclusion: In this large cohort of patients with NSTE ACS, reflecting real life management, women and men had similar outcome and similar benefit with an early invasive strategy.
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