| 1. |
- Andersen, M. S., et al.
(author)
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To facilitate a fair bioeconomy transition, stronger regional-level linkages are needed
- 2022
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In: Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr. - : Wiley. - 1932-104X .- 1932-1031. ; 16:4, s. 929-941
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The great hopes in Brussels that a circular bioeconomy will help bridge the growing divide between urban and rural areas and allow the hinterlands to prosper from 'green growth' are addressed in this article, which reflects on insights from three Nordic case studies of brown, green and blue biomass use at different levels of technology readiness. A closer examination of the forward, backward, fiscal and final demand linkages at regional level from increased biomass utilization, from eastern Finland and northern Sweden to Jutland and North Atlantic islands, suggests that linkages are and will remain relatively weak, predominantly dashing the expectations. As suppliers and exporters of natural resources, disadvantaged regions may all too easily get locked into a 'staples trap', where the value creation evaporates owing in part to the steep start-up costs and the associated boom-and-bust cycles, which place them in a weak position vis-a-vis the resource manufacturers and consumers. To make the prospects of development, employment and prosperity in the hinterlands materialize, measures are needed to strengthen the regional-level economic linkages. Regional-level revolving funds based on benefit-sharing instruments related to natural resources can be used to bolster economic development, as reflected in such schemes present in both China and Canada. We call for further research into whether and how such approaches can be replicated successfully by channeling revenues from biomass cultivation to regional-scale revolving funds, with mandates to strengthen long-term economic linkages and prosperity within the hinterlands. (c) 2022 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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| 3. |
- Suonpää, Karoliina, et al.
(author)
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Homicide drop in seven European countries : General or specific across countries and crime types?
- 2024
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In: European Journal of Criminology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-3708 .- 1741-2609. ; 21:1, s. 3-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines homicide trends in seven European countries – Denmark, Estonia, Finland, the Netherlands, Scotland, Sweden and Switzerland – all of which manifested a substantial drop in homicide mortality between 1990 and 2016. By using data from the European Homicide Monitor, a coding scheme created to enable cross-country comparisons, combined with the national cause-of-death statistics, we explore generality versus specificity of the homicide drop. We examine changes in the demographic structure of victims and offenders and disaggregate homicides by different subtypes of lethal incidents, such as family-related homicides referring to conflicts between family members, and criminal milieu homicides occurring in the context of robberies, gang-related conflicts or organised crime. Results point to the generality of the drop: in most of the countries studied, the declining trend included all homicide types. The overall decline in homicide mortality was driven mostly by the decline in male victimisation and offending. In most of the countries, the gender distribution of victims and offenders changed only slightly during the study period, whereas the development of the distribution of homicide types manifested greater diversity. Our findings illustrate the benefits of disaggregated analyses in comparative homicide research.
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| 4. |
- Skarphedinsson, G., et al.
(author)
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Family Accommodation in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Investigating Prevalence and Clinical Correlates in the NordLOTS Study
- 2023
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In: Child Psychiatry & Human Development. - 0009-398X.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Family accommodation (FA) involves the actions taken by family members, particularly parents, to accommodate a child & PRIME;s obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, reducing distress or impairment. This behavior may maintain compulsive and avoidant behavior, preventing corrective learning or habituation. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors influencing FA in a large Scandinavian sample of children with OCD. We assessed 238 children using standardized diagnostic interviews, OCD symptom severity assessments and questionnaires evaluating functional impairment and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. FA was measured using the Family Accommodation Scale, a 12-item clinician-rated interview. Our results confirmed a high frequency of accommodation, with approximately 70% of primary caregivers reporting some accommodation daily and 98% at least once per week. FA was associated with increased OCD symptom severity, contamination/cleaning symptoms, internalizing and externalizing behavior, and functional impairment. Linear regression analysis showed that high levels of FA are specifically associated with lower age, higher OCD symptom severity, parent-reported impairment, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms. A path analysis revealed that FA partially mediated the relationship between OCD severity, externalizing symptoms, and child's age, highlighting the role of FA in the progression of OCD and related symptoms. The findings emphasize the importance of evaluating FA before initiating treatment and specifically addressing it during the therapeutic process.
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| 5. |
- Andreassen, Inga H., et al.
(author)
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Diverse histories, common ground and a shared future : the education of career guidance and counselling professionals in the Nordic countries
- 2019
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In: International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance. - : Springer. - 0251-2513 .- 1573-1782 .- 1873-0388. ; 19:3, s. 411-436
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of education programmes in career guidance and counseling (CGC) has followed different paths among the various Nordic countries. Ten CGC programmes in Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden were evaluated against the NICE curricular model. The results show that all NICE core competences are represented in the curricula. However, there is greater focus in some programmes on developing competences for individual career guidance, than on developing competences for working at organisational and societal levels. Implications for the cooperation and professionalisation of CGC within the Nordic countries are discussed as well as limitations of the NICE model.
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| 6. |
- Heuer, Rolf-Dieter, et al.
(author)
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Ex post evaluation of the activities of the joint research centre under Horizon 2020 and Euratom 2014-2020
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The report is the result of the external Panel ex post evaluation of the JRC activities under H2020 and Euratom 2014-2020. It provides the independent assessment requested in the Council Decisions concerning the specific programmes to be carried out by means of direct actions by the Joint Research Centre implementing the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (2014-2020) of the European Commission and of the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). The evaluation has been conducted by a panel of independent external experts under the chairmanship of Dr Rolf-Dieter Heuer. In this report the Panel concludes positively on the effectiveness of the JRC as the Commission’s science service in support of Euratom and EU policies. Besides a number of recommendations for incremental improvement of the JRC, the Panel has flagged that the JRC is in a unique position as a provider of independent scientific evidence inside the European Commission, but, because of this, the JRC and its research work are less visible to the outside world than they merit. The Panel also flags that the JRC and its stakeholders, internal and external to the Commission, would also benefit from more communication and interactions. The Panel has particularly appreciated the meetings with the stakeholders that gave much insight into the cooperation between the JRC and the other parts of the Commission, supporting our positive assessment and our suggestions for improvement.
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