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- Liang, X., et al.
(author)
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Numerical investigations on outdoor thermal comfort for built environment : Case study of a Northwest campus in China
- 2019
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In: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1876-6102. ; , s. 6557-6563, s. 6557-6563
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Outdoor thermal comfort has been receiving more and more attentions due to the increased demand of outdoor activities during last decades. People require good thermal comfort when they are exposed to the outdoor thermal environment. However, the natural environment is severely suffering from the pollution of air, water as well as the extremely hot weather. Therefore, construction of ecological living environment is of great importance. To evaluate and improve the built environment, a campus area located in Northwest China was selected. Numerical simulations based on the software ENVI-met V4.0 were conducted and the effect of growing plants upon the outdoor thermal comfort was analyzed. Numerical results were compared using different thermal Indexes: Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). Results demonstrated that UTCI gave a lower prediction than that of PET and was more suitable for evaluating the outdoor thermal comfort. Growing trees can significantly reduce the uncomfortable hours during hot summer but the improvement will reach the limitation after growing amount of trees.
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- Ma, Y., et al.
(author)
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Theoretical research on flow instability in parallel channels under motion conditions
- 2013
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In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering --2013. - : ASME Press. - 9780791855812
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In motion conditions, in addition to gravitational acceleration, a new acceleration was developed and it was added to the thermal hydraulics characteristics in flow channels. The additional acceleration leads to the different thermal hydraulic characteristics and will trigger the flow oscillation and even flow instability in parallel channels. In order to study the effect of the additional acceleration on the flow oscillation, the corresponding physical models are established in this work. Through the deduction of the mathematical model, the code for flow instability under motion conditions with Gear algorithm is developed. The flow oscillation curves, critical power, marginal stability boundary (MSB) are obtained. After comparison and analysis, it is found that some motion conditions lead to flow periodic oscillation. Different flow passage position results in different oscillation amplitudes. The marginal stability boundaries (MSB) under different motion conditions fit well, that is, the effect of motion conditions on MSB is small. Number of channels has little effect; however, channel arrangement influences the flow in every channel. These conclusions are of great significance in marine reactor design.
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- Sharma, Hari Shanker, et al.
(author)
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Drug delivery to the spinal cord tagged with nanowire enhances neuroprotective efficacy and functional recovery following trauma to the rat spinal cord
- 2007
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In: Neuroprotective agents. - : Wiley. - 9781573316859 ; , s. 197-218
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The possibility that drugs attached to innocuous nanowires enhance their delivery within the central nervous system (CNS) and thereby increase their therapeutic efficacy was examined in a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Three compounds-AP173 (SCI-1), AP713 (SCI-2), and AP364 (SCI-5) (Acure Pharma, Uppsala, Sweden)-were tagged with TiO2-based nanowires using standard procedure. Normal compounds were used for comparison. SCI was produced by making a longitudinal incision into the right dorsal horn of the T10-T11 segments under Equithesin anesthesia. The compounds, either alone or tagged with nanowires, were applied topically within 5 to 10 min after SCI. In these rats, behavioral outcome, blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability, edema formation, and cell injury were examined at 5 h after injury. Topical application of normal compounds in high quantity (10 mu g in 20 mu L) attenuated behavioral dysfunction (3 h after trauma), edema formation, and cell injury, as well as reducing BSCB permeability to Evans blue albumin and I-131. These beneficial effects are most pronounced with AP713 (SCI-2) treatment. Interestingly, when these compounds were administered in identical conditions after tagging with nanowires, their beneficial effects on functional recovery and spinal cord pathology were further enhanced. However, topical administration of nanowires alone did not influence trauma-induced spinal cord pathology or motor functions. Taken together, our results, probably for the first time, indicate that drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy are enhanced when the compounds are administered with nanowires.
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