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Sökning: WFRF:(Tomer N) > Koutsopoulos Haris N.

  • Resultat 1-6 av 6
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  • Nissan, Albania, 1957- (författare)
  • Evaluation of Variable Speed Limits : Empirical Evidence and Simulation Analysis of Stockholm’s Motorway Control System
  • 2010
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Variable Speed Limits (VSL) are often used to improve traffic conditions on congested motorways. VSL can be implemented as mandatory or advisory. The objective of the thesis isto study in detail the effectiveness of VSL. The focus is on both, design parameters and conditions under which VSL are most effective. The MCS system on the E4 motorway inStockholm is used as a case study. The evaluation was conducted using empirical methods (including aggregate data from microwave sensors and other sources, and disaggregate data from a mobile study), and microscopic traffic simulation. The empirical analysis is based on before and after VSL data, including evaluation of individual measures of performance, and multivariate analysis in the form of the fundamental diagram, and speed-density relationships. The results from the empirical study are mixed with an indication that driver behavior has a strong impact on the effectiveness of the system. The microscopic traffic simulation analysis included the development of a platform for testing VSL and more generally motorway control strategies. The simulation platform was calibrated and validated with the empirical data and includes in addition to VSL, and Automatic Incident Detection (AID) system, the ALINEA ramp metering algorithm. The test-platform allows the testing of different control strategies and various combinations of control strategies, under different scenarios and in a controlled environment. The results from the simulation study indicate that driver compliance is an important factor and VSL performance quickly deteriorates as compliance rate drops. Hence, VSL should be implemented as mandatory instead of advisory. In addition, mandatory VSL can be effective both, under incident and moderately congested conditions. A combined VSL and ramp metering strategy can be most effective in reducing travel time, improving traffic conditions on the motorway. Furthermore, the results indicate that such a strategy also has the least impact on the flows entering the motorway from the ramps.
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  • Toledo, Tomer, et al. (författare)
  • Estimation of an integrated driving behavior model
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Transportation Research Part C. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-090X .- 1879-2359. ; 17:4, s. 365-380
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper presents the methodology and results of estimation of an integrated driving behavior model that attempts to integrate various driving decisions. The model explains lane changing and acceleration decisions jointly and so, captures inter-dependencies between these behaviors and represents drivers' planning capabilities. It introduces new models that capture drivers' choice of a target gap that they intend to use in order to change lanes, and acceleration models that capture drivers' behavior to facilitate the completion of a desired lane change using the target gap. The parameters of all components of the model are estimated simultaneously with the maximum likelihood method and using detailed vehicle trajectory data collected in a freeway section in Arlington, Virginia. The estimation results are presented and discussed in detail.
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  • Toledo, Tomer, et al. (författare)
  • Estimation of Vehicle Trajectories with Locally Weighted Regression
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Transportation Research Record. - : Transportation Research Board. - 0361-1981 .- 2169-4052. ; :1999, s. 161-169
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Vehicle trajectory data are important for calibrating driver behavior models (e.g., car following, acceleration, lane changing, and gap acceptance). The data are usually collected through imaging technologies, such as video. Processing these data may require substantial effort, and the resulting trajectories usually contain measurement and processing errors while also missing data points. An approach is presented to the processing of position data to develop vehicle trajectories and consequently speed and acceleration profiles. The approach uses local regression, a method well suited for mapping highly nonlinear functions. The proposed methodology is applied to a set of position data. The results demonstrate the value of the method to development of vehicle trajectories and speed and acceleration profiles. The conducted sensitivity analysis also shows that the method is rather robust regarding measurement errors and missing values.
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  • Toledo, Tomer, et al. (författare)
  • Integrated driving behavior modeling
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Transportation Research Part C. - : Elsevier. - 0968-090X .- 1879-2359. ; 15:2, s. 96-112
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper develops, implements and tests a framework for driving behavior modeling that integrates the various decisions, such as acceleration, lane changing and gap acceptance. Furthermore, the proposed framework is based on the concepts of short-term goal and short-term plan. Drivers are assumed to conceive and perform short-term plans in order to accomplish short-term goals. This behavioral framework supports a more realistic representation of the driving task, since it captures drivers’ planning capabilities and allows decisions to be based on anticipated future conditions. An integrated driving behavior model, which utilizes these concepts, is developed. The model captures both lane changing and acceleration behaviors. The driver’s short-term goal is defined by the target lane. Drivers who wish to change lanes but cannot change lanes immediately, select a short-term plan to perform the desired lane change. Short-term plans are defined by the various gaps in traffic in the target lane. Drivers adapt their acceleration behavior to facilitate the lane change using the target gap. Hence, inter-dependencies between lane changing and acceleration behaviors are captured.
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  • Resultat 1-6 av 6

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