| 1. |
- Ahmed, Hamzah, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between mechanical properties and crystal structure in cocrystals and salt of paracetamol
- 2017
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Ingår i: Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0363-9045 .- 1520-5762. ; 43:1, s. 89-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives were to study mechanical properties of various solid forms of paracetamol and relate to their crystal structures. Paracetamol Form I (PRA), its cocrystals with oxalic acid (PRA-OXA) and 4,4-bipyridine (PRA-BPY) and hydrochloride salt (PRA-HCL) were selected. Cocrystals and salt were scaled-up using rational crystallization methods. The resulting materials were subjected to differential scanning solid-state characterization. The powders were sieved and 90-360 µm sieve fraction was considered. These powders were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and densities were determined. Tablets were made at applied pressures of 35-180 MPa under controlled conditions and the tablet height, diameter and hardness were measured. Tensile strength and porosity of the tablets were estimated using well known models. Crystal structures of these systems were visualized and slips planed were identified. Cocrystal and salt of PRA were physically pure. Sieved powders had comparable morphologies and particle size. The apparent and theoretical densities of powders were similar but no clear trends were observed. The tensile strengths of these compacts were increased with increasing pressure whereas tabletability decreased in the order oxalic acid > PRA-HCL ≈ PRA-OXA > BPY > PRA-BPY. Tablet tensile strength decreases exponentially with increasing porosity with the exception of PRY-BPY and BPY. Slip plane prediction based on attachment energies may not be independently considered. However, it was possible to explain the improved mechanical properties of powders based on the crystal structure. Cocrystallization and salt formation have introduced structural features that are responsible for improved tableting properties of PRA.
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| 2. |
- Pandey, Jaya, et al.
(författare)
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Studies of molecular structure, hydrogen bonding and chemical activity of a nitrofurantoin-L-proline cocrystal : a combined spectroscopic and quantum chemical approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - 2046-2069. ; 6:78, s. 74135-74154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitrofurantoin (NTF) has been used as an antibacterial drug to treat bacterial infections of the urinary tract. The purpose of this work is to predict the hydrogen bonds (potential synthons) present in the cocrystal of nitrofurantoin-L-proline (NTF-LP) through a computational approach (DFT calculations) and validate using vibrational spectroscopic studies. The present study illustrates the formation and characterization of the cocrystal of NTF-LP. The molecular structure of the NTF-LP cocrystal has been predicted by forming several models on the basis of the hydrogen bonding patterns observed in other NTF cocrystals. A conformational study and potential energy surface scan have been plotted around three flexible bonds of the cocrystal molecule and two stable conformers have been obtained. NBO analysis of the second order perturbation theory of the Fock matrix suggests that interaction n1O(39) → σ*(N13–H21) is responsible for the stabilization of the molecule. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) explains that all interactions are medium and partially covalent in nature as ∇2ρBCP > 0, HBCP < 0. The molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEPS) of the cocrystal has been visualized for its most electropositive potential in the region of the NH2+ group and most electronegative potential in the vicinity of the COO− group. The HOMO and LUMO energies and electronic charge transfer (ECT) confirms that charge flows from the co-former (LP) to NTF (API). Local reactivity descriptor parameters have been used to predict the reactive sites of the cocrystal and global reactivity descriptor parameters suggest that the cocrystal is softer thus more reactive in comparison to NTF. The experimental and theoretical results support the formation of the cocrystal through the strong hydrogen bond present between the NH group of NTF and carboxylate COO− group of LP and shows that LP is present in the zwitterionic form.
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| 3. |
- Prajapati, Preeti, et al.
(författare)
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Combined spectroscopic and quantum chemical studies of ezetimibe
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Structure. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2860 .- 1872-8014. ; 1125, s. 193-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ezetimibe (EZT) is a hypocholesterolemic agent used for the treatment of elevated blood cholesterol levels as it lowers the blood cholesterol by blocking the absorption of cholesterol in intestine. Study aims to combine experimental and computational methods to provide insights into the structural and vibrational spectroscopic properties of EZT which is important for explaining drug substance physical and biological properties. Computational study on molecular properties of ezetimibe is presented using density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP functional and 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. A detailed vibrational assignment has been done for the observed IR and Raman spectra of EZT. In addition to the conformational study, hydrogen bonding and molecular docking studies have been also performed. For conformational studies, the double well potential energy curves have been plotted for the rotation around the six flexible bonds of the molecule. UV absorption spectrum was examined in methanol solvent and compared with calculated one in solvent environment (IEF-PCM) using TD-DFT/6-31G basis set. HOMO-LUMO energy gap of both the conformers have also been calculated in order to predict its chemical reactivity and stability. The stability of the molecule was also examined by means of natural bond analysis (NBO) analysis. To account for the chemical reactivity and site selectivity of the molecules, molecular electrostatic potential (MEPS) map has been plotted. The combination of experimental and calculated results provide an insight into the structural and vibrational spectroscopic properties of EZT. In order to give an insight for the biological activity of EZT, molecular docking of EZT with protein NPC1L1 has been done.
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| 4. |
- Shimpi, Manishkumar, et al.
(författare)
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New cocrystals of ezetimibe with l-proline and imidazole
- 2014
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1466-8033 .- 1466-8033. ; 16:38, s. 8984-8993
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of the study were to screen and prepare cocrystals of anti-cholesterol drug ezetimibe (EZT) with the aim of increasing its solubility and dissolution rate. Thermodynamic phase diagram based high throughput screening was performed using wet milling/grinding or solution crystallization methods. A large number of coformers were tested and the resulting solids were preliminarily characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Potential cocrystals of EZT with l-proline and imidazole and a solvate formamide were identified in the screening experiments. The cocrystal hits were further characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), solution Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and single crystal XRD. The dissolution properties and stability of cocrystals were determined. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data were obtained for EZT, EZT-IMI cocrystal and formamide solvate of ezetimibe. All three systems were crystallized in non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic space group P212121with Z = 4. Robust O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds played an important role in all these crystal structures. EZT-PRO cocrystal showed improved apparent solubility and solid state stability
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| 5. |
- Shimpi, Manishkumar, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering Using Ionic Liquid Anion–Solute Interactions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 17:4, s. 1729-1734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main purpose of this work was to investigate the potential of ionic liquids (ILs) in crystal engineering. We have employed ILs with different combinations of cations and anions to study their role in directing crystal structure formation of a nicotinamide (NIC) and oxalic acid (OXA) system. A new crystal form of NIC–OXA salt (2:1) was identified and characterized using standard solid state tools such as powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman and infrared spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the 2:1 salt was elucidated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The NIC–OXA 2:1 salt form revealed a two-dimensional layered structure, while the known 1:1 salt had a perpendicular “tape-like” structure. The 2:1 salt form could only be crystallized from the ILs possessing hydrogen bond acceptor functionality. We demonstrated that specific ILs could be selected as solvents for altering the solid-state structure of organic and inorganic materials.
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| 6. |
- Shimpi, Manishkumar R., et al.
(författare)
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Tadalafil-malonic acid cocrystal : Physicochemical characterization, pH-solubility and supersaturation studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 18:8, s. 4378-4387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to enhance the solubility and dissolution of a poorly water-soluble drug, tadalafil (TDF), by cocrystal formation with malonic acid (MOA), to characterize the cocrystal structure, and to quantify the cocrystal solution behavior. The crystal structure revealed a 1:1 stoichiometry wherein the TDF molecules form a double layered structure through N–H…O=C interactions linked to a catemeric chain of MOA molecules via O-H…O hydrogen bonds. Cocrystal solubility advantage (SA defined as Scocrystal/Sdrug) or supersaturation index was determined from eutectic point measurements to be 102 to 129 in the pH range of 1 to 3. Cocrystal dissolution generated supersaturation levels (Cmax/Sdrug) of 30 in buffer and 120 in the presence of a nucleation inhibitor, HPMC. The amorphous form of TDF generated supersaturation 3 times lower than cocrystal in buffer, and not significantly different from cocrystal in the presence of HPMC. Thus, supersaturation index is a valuable metric for assessing the risk of cocrystal conversion during kinetic studies and for predicting conditions when the usage of a precipitation inhibitor may significantly increase cocrystal exposure levels.
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| 7. |
- Srivastava, K., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular structure and hydrogen bond interactions of a paracetamol-4,4′-bipyridine cocrystal studied using a vibrational spectroscopic and quantum chemical approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1466-8033 .- 1466-8033. ; 20:2, s. 213-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the current study is to perform the structural and spectroscopic characterization of paracetamol-4,4′-bipyridine (PRA-BPY) cocrystal using infrared, Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. To reveal the interactions between PRA and BPY, two models (monomer and dimer + PRA) of a cocrystal are designed and optimized using DFT with a 6-311G (d, p) basis set. An atoms in molecule study shows that the non-covalent interactions in particular hydrogen bonds involved in forming the cocrystal are moderate in nature. Natural bond orbital analysis of the second order perturbation theory of the Fock matrix suggests that interactions LP (1) N13 → π∗(C15-O16) and LP (1) N56 → σ∗(N13-H14) are responsible for the stabilization of the molecule.
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| 8. |
- Srivastava, Karnica, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular structure, spectroscopic signature and reactivity analyses of paracetamol hydrochloride monohydrate salt using density functional theory calculations
- 2019
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Medicine Press. - 1466-8033 .- 1466-8033. ; 21:5, s. 857-865
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to understand the role of the intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions present in paracetamol hydrochloride monohydrated salt. Paracetamol hydrochloride monohydrate salt (PRA-HCl) and paracetamol (form I) were investigated via vibrational (FT-IR and FT-Raman) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) to gain insight into the hydrogen bond patterns present in these crystalline materials. Two different density functionals, wB97X-D and M062X, were used for the comparison of the results. The geometrical parameters of PRA-HCl and form I obtained using these functional were compared with the crystallographic data, which proved the existence of intra-molecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The C10O2 group of form I forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond, while the O1–H18 group of PRA-HCl forms an intermolecular hydrogen bond with a chloride ion (Cl−), resulting in the elongation of the bond length and shift to a lower wavenumber for the O1–H18 group. To examine the potency of hydrogen bonding, quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) calculations were performed and the results suggested that O1–H18⋯Cl22 is a strong intermolecular hydrogen bond. The chemical reactivity parameters reveal that the PRA-HCl and PRA-OXA cocrystals are more reactive and softer (low HOMO–LUMO energy gap) in comparison to paracetamol (form I).
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| 9. |
- Srivastava, Karnica, et al.
(författare)
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Vibrational analysis and chemical activity of paracetamol-oxalic acid cocrystal based on monomer and dimer calculations : DFT and AIM approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 6:12, s. 10024-10037
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of structural and spectral characteristics of a paracetamol-oxalic acid (PRA-OXA) cocrystal has been carried out using two models (monomer and dimer), with the aim to understand the supramolecular structure and intramolecular interactions within the cocrystal. The cocrystal has been characterized by infrared and Raman spectroscopy combined with quantum chemical calculations molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEPS), frontier orbital analysis and electronic reactivity descriptors were used to understand the role of interactions involved in affecting the chemical reactivity of individual molecules in the cocrystal. It is observed that the C=O, N-H and O-H groups of paracetamol are involved in hydrogen bonds to form cocrystals. NBO analysis suggests that the two types of interactions LP(1)(N8) -> pi*(C9-O10) and LP(2)(O10) -> sigma*(O25-H28) are responsible for the stability of the molecule. AIM analysis suggested that the non-covalent interactions are moderate in nature. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energies reveal that the charge transfer occurs within the cocrystal. Chemical reactivity parameters show that the cocrystal is more active than paracetamol.
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