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| 2. |
- Low, W C, et al.
(författare)
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Hereditary multi-infarct dementia of the Swedish type is a novel disorder different from NOTCH3 causing CADASIL
- 2007
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Ingår i: Brain. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0006-8950 .- 1460-2156. ; 130:Part 2, s. 357-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several hereditary small vessel diseases (SVDs) of the brain have been reported in recent years. In 1977, Sourander and Wålinder described hereditary multi-infarct dementia (MID) in a Swedish family. In the same year, Stevens and colleagues reported chronic familial vascular encephalopathy in an English family bearing a similar phenotype. These disorders have invariably been suggested to be cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL) but their genetic identities remain unknown. We used molecular, radiological and neuropathological methods to characterize these disorders. Direct DNA sequencing unexpectedly confirmed that affected members of the English family carried the R141C mutation in the NOTCH3 gene diagnostic of CADASIL. However, we did not detect any pathogenic mutations in the entire 8091 bp reading frame of NOTCH3 or find clear evidence for NOTCH3 gene linkage in the Swedish DNA. This was consistent with the lack of hyperintense signals in the anterior temporal pole and external capsule in Swedish subjects upon magnetic resonance imaging. We further found no evidence for granular osmiophilic material in skin biopsy or post-mortem brain samples of affected members in the Swedish family. In addition, there was distinct lack of NOTCH3 N-terminal fragments in the cerebral microvasculature of the Swedish hereditary MID subjects compared to the intense accumulation in the English family afflicted with CADASIL. Several differences in arteriosclerotic changes in both the grey and white matter were also noted between the disorders. The sclerotic index values, density of collagen IV immunoreactivity in the microvasculature and number of perivascular macrophages were greater in the English CADASIL samples compared to those from the Swedish brains. Multiple approaches suggest that the Swedish family with hereditary MID suspected to be CADASIL has a different novel disorder with dissimilar pathological features and belongs to the growing number of genetically uncharacterized familial SVDs.
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| 5. |
- Cornelius, C, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported symptoms in the elderly and association with drug use
- 1997
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Ingår i: Clinical drug investigation. - 1173-2563 .- 1179-1918. ; 13:2, s. 105-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary: In a cross-sectional study, we have investigated the prevalence of self-reported symptoms and their association with medicinal drug use in elderly people. Data from the Kungsholmen Project were used, a population-based study of elderly people aged 75 years and over in Stockholm, Sweden. The study sample comprised 1800 persons. Information on the occurrence of 22 different symptoms and the actual drug use was obtained at interviews with the participants. The relation of symptoms to age, gender and housing, and their association with drug use was analysed using logistic regression. The most commonly reported symptoms were pain and tiredness. In general, symptoms were more common in women and at higher ages. Many of the associations between symptoms and drug use reflected established treatments. However, some were suggestive of inappropriate treatment or dosage; for example, the association between tiredness and the use of anxiolytics and hypnotics-sedatives.
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| 6. |
- Kalaria, R N, et al.
(författare)
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The pathogenesis of CADASIL : an update.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of the Neurological Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-510X .- 1878-5883. ; 226:1-2, s. 35-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Koivunen, J., et al.
(författare)
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PET amyloid ligand [C-11]PIB uptake shows predominantly striatal increase in variant Alzheimer's disease
- 2008
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Ingår i: Brain. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0006-8950 .- 1460-2156. ; 131:Pt 7, s. 1845-1853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variant Alzheimers disease (VarAD) with spastic paraparesis and presenile dementia is associated with certain mutations of the presenilin 1 (PS-1) gene, particularly those leading to deletion of exon 9 (PS-1 E9). VarAD is neuropathologically characterized by the presence of unusually large, A42 positive, non-cored cotton wool plaques (CWPs), also devoid of dystrophic neurites. The aim of the present study was to find out whether [C-11]PIB would show increased uptake and serve as an in vivo biomarker of amyloid accumulation in VarAD. A further aim was to assess the correspondence of the [C-11]PIB binding to the amount and type of A deposits in another group of deceased VarAD patients brains. We studied four patients with VarAD and eight healthy controls with PET using [C-11]PIB as tracer. Parametric images were computed by calculating the region-to-cerebellum and region-to-pons ratio in each voxel over 6090 min. Group differences in [C-11]PIB uptake were analysed with automated region-of-interest (ROI) analysis. [C-11]PIB uptake was compared to the immunohistochemically demonstrated deposition of A in the brains of another group of four deceased VarAD patients. Patients with VarAD had significantly higher [C-11] PIB uptake than the control group in the striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen), anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus, occipital cortex and thalamus. In the caudate and putamen [C-11]PIB uptake, expressed as region-to-cerebellum ratio, was on the average 43 greater than the mean of the control group. The increases in the anterior (28) and posterior (27) cingulate gyrus, occipital cortex (21) and thalamus (14) were smaller. All VarAD patients showed this similar topographical pattern of increased [C-11]PIB uptake. The results were essentially similar when the uptake was expressed as region-to-pons ratios. [C-11]PIB imaging shows increased uptake in patients with VarAD especially in the striatum, and it can be used to detect amyloid accumulation in vivo in these patients. The pattern of increased [C-11]PIB uptake is different from that described in sporadic Alzheimers disease and resembles that seen in Alzheimers disease patients with certain presenilin-1 mutations or amyloid precursor protein gene duplication showing predominantly striatal increase in [C-11]PIB uptake.
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| 10. |
- Almkvist, O, et al.
(författare)
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Mild cognitive impairment -- An early stage of Alzheimer´s disease?
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Neural Transmission. ; 53, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an early stage of Alzheimer´s disease (AD) was investigated by reviewing recent research from three sources: asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals carrying mutations that cause AD; hospital
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