| 1. |
- Arjoni, D. H., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evaluation of the Human Performance on a RoboticFlight Simulator based on FOQA Parameters
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Aerospace Technology Congress. - Stockholm. ; , s. 1-11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The SIVOR project, currently being developed by ITA and Embraer, consists of designing andimplementing a high fidelity flight simulator based on the use of COTS industrial robots. The aim of theproject is to provide a cost-efficient and flexible platform that can be used along the design phases of theaircraft. One of the advantages of an industrial robot over the traditional Stewart platform is theavailability of a large workspace, which provides more flexibility for defining the washout filter. Thisfilter converts the aircraft dynamics into robot movements, which has a limited workspace. The mainpurpose of the flight simulator is to provide a motion feeling similar to the one imposed by the aircraftmovements in a real flight. The representativeness of the motion cue is usually evaluated in a qualitativeway by the pilots that fly the simulator. Quantitative methods to evaluate the entire range of actuation of asimulator are complex, inducing tests in fractions of the flight to increase performance. In this work, wediscuss the use of FOQA (Flight Operational Quality Assurance) as an additional quantitative tool for theevaluation of the motion cue in the SIVOR flight simulator. FOQA is a voluntary safety program fromFAA, detailed in AC-120-82. It proposes a set of parameters that can be used by airliners to analyse flightsafety and increase operational efficiency. The verification of FOQA parameters checks whether or notthe pilot complies with the standard operational procedures defined by the airliners and aircraftmanufacturers. The purpose of this work is to analyse whether or not, and to what extent, the FOQAparameters can be used to evaluate the quality of the motion cue of flight simulators. For this purpose, wedefine an experimental procedure that compares flights performed by pilots under different motionmodes. It then calculates a set of behavioural parameters that has been proposed in order to quantify howthe motion affects the inputs of the pilot. The results are submitted to ANOVA statistical analysis thatverifies the relevance of the motion factor. Finally, we discuss the capability of a FOQA basedexperiment to estimate the contribution of the motion to the realism of the flight simulation.
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| 2. |
- Ercan, Ayse Bahar, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical and biological landscape of constitutional mismatch-repair deficiency syndrome: an International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium cohort study.
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Lancet Oncology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1470-2045 .- 1474-5488. ; 25:5, s. 668-682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is a rare and aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome. Because a scarcity of data on this condition contributes to management challenges and poor outcomes, we aimed to describe the clinical spectrum, cancer biology, and impact of genetics on patient survival in CMMRD.In this cohort study, we collected cross-sectional and longitudinal data on all patients with CMMRD, with no age limits, registered with the International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium (IRRDC) across more than 50 countries. Clinical data were extracted from the IRRDC database, medical records, and physician-completed case record forms. The primary objective was to describe the clinical features, cancer spectrum, and biology of the condition. Secondary objectives included estimations of cancer incidence and of the impact of the specific mismatch-repair gene and genotype on cancer onset and survival, including after cancer surveillance and immunotherapy interventions.We analysed data from 201 patients (103 males, 98 females) enrolled between June 5, 2007 and Sept 9, 2022. Median age at diagnosis of CMMRD or a related cancer was 8·9 years (IQR 5·9-12·6), and median follow-up from diagnosis was 7·2 years (3·6-14·8). Endogamy among minorities and closed communities contributed to high homozygosity within countries with low consanguinity. Frequent dermatological manifestations (117 [93%] of 126 patients with complete data) led to a clinical overlap with neurofibromatosis type 1 (35 [28%] of 126). 339 cancers were reported in 194 (97%) of 201 patients. The cumulative cancer incidence by age 18 years was 90% (95% CI 80-99). Median time between cancer diagnoses for patients with more than one cancer was 1·9 years (IQR 0·8-3·9). Neoplasms developed in 15 organs and included early-onset adult cancers. CNS tumours were the most frequent (173 [51%] cancers), followed by gastrointestinal (75 [22%]), haematological (61 [18%]), and other cancer types (30 [9%]). Patients with CNS tumours had the poorest overall survival rates (39% [95% CI 30-52] at 10 years from diagnosis; log-rank p<0·0001 across four cancer types), followed by those with haematological cancers (67% [55-82]), gastrointestinal cancers (89% [81-97]), and other solid tumours (96% [88-100]). All cancers showed high mutation and microsatellite indel burdens, and pathognomonic mutational signatures. MLH1 or MSH2 variants caused earlier cancer onset than PMS2 or MSH6 variants, and inferior survival (overall survival at age 15 years 63% [95% CI 55-73] for PMS2, 49% [35-68] for MSH6, 19% [6-66] for MLH1, and 0% for MSH2; p<0·0001). Frameshift or truncating variants within the same gene caused earlier cancers and inferior outcomes compared with missense variants (p<0·0001). The greater deleterious effects of MLH1 and MSH2 variants as compared with PMS2 and MSH6 variants persisted despite overall improvements in survival after surveillance or immune checkpoint inhibitor interventions.The very high cancer burden and unique genomic landscape of CMMRD highlight the benefit of comprehensive assays in timely diagnosis and precision approaches toward surveillance and immunotherapy. These data will guide the clinical management of children and patients who survive into adulthood with CMMRD.The Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Stand Up to Cancer, Children's Oncology Group National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program, Canadian Cancer Society, Brain Canada, The V Foundation for Cancer Research, BioCanRx, Harry and Agnieszka Hall, Meagan's Walk, BRAINchild Canada, The LivWise Foundation, St Baldrick Foundation, Hold'em for Life, and Garron Family Cancer Center.
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| 3. |
- Piepoli, Massimo F., et al.
(författare)
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Regional differences in exercise training implementation in heart failure: findings from the Exercise Training in Heart Failure (ExTraHF) survey
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : WILEY. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 21:9, s. 1142-1148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Exercise training programmes (ETPs) are a crucial component in cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure (HF) patients. The Exercise Training in HF (ExTraHF) survey has reported poor implementation of ETPs in countries affiliated to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). The aim of the present sub-analysis was to investigate the regional variations in the implementation of ETPs for HF patients. Methods and results The study was designed as a web-based survey of cardiac units, divided into five areas, according to the geographical location of the countries surveyed. Overall, 172 centres replied to the survey, in charge of 78 514 patients, differentiated in 52 Northern (n = 15 040), 48 Southern (n = 27 127), 34 Western (n = 11 769), 24 Eastern European (n = 12 748), and 14 extra-European centres (n = 11 830). Greater ETP implementation was observed in Western (76%) and Northern (63%) regions, whereas lower rates were seen in Southern (58%), Eastern European (50%) and extra-European (36%) regions. The leading barrier was the lack of resources in all (83-65%) but Western region (37%) where patients were enrolled in dedicated settings and specialized units (75%). In 40% of centres, non-inclusion of ETP in the national or local guideline pathway accounted for the lack of ETP implementation. Conclusion Exercise training programmes are poorly implemented in the ESC affiliated countries, mainly because of the lack of resources and/or national and local guidelines. The linkage with dedicated cardiac rehabilitation centres (as in the Western region) or the model of local rehabilitation services adopted in Northern countries may be considered as options to overcome these gaps.
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