| 1. |
- Gillson, Lindsey, et al.
(författare)
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The role of palaeoecology in reconciling biodiversity conservation, livelihoods and carbon storage in Madagascar
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Conservation Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-611X. ; 4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Planting trees is proposed as an important climate mitigation tool, but can be detrimental to biodiversity and livelihoods if not carefully planned and managed, with landscape history and livelihoods in mind. In Madagascar, deforestation is of concern, and a threat to forest-adapted biota. However, much of Madagascar's landscape harbours ancient mosaic and open ecosystems that are home to unique suites of flora and fauna and provide a wide range of ecosystem services. Though guidelines for ecologically and socially responsible reforestation are emerging, the potential role of landscape history and palaeoecology has been generally underemphasised. Here, using Madagascar as a case study, we argue that forest restoration projects need a sound understanding of landscape history that includes a greater integration of palaeoecological data. This would help establish the former composition and extent of forests and also investigate the antiquity of open and mosaic ecosystems. When economic interests are strong, information from palaeoecology and environmental history can help reduce biases when identifying appropriate locations and suites of species for forestation. Furthermore, a reflective approach to landscape history can contribute to restoration projects that integrate cultural and livelihood considerations. A transdisciplinary approach that considers local needs and cultural context can facilitate the design and implementation of restoration projects that share benefits equitably. Underpinning this ambition is a more comprehensive consideration of ecosystem service benefits in a changing climate that includes accurate carbon storage calculations, as well as other ecosystem services including water provision, soil formation and erosion prevention, grazing resources, medicine and cultural components.
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| 2. |
- Guerrero, Angela M., et al.
(författare)
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What influences and inhibits reduction of deforestation in the soy supply chain? A mental model perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-9011 .- 1873-6416. ; 115, s. 125-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sustainability initiatives have emerged in response to the environmental impacts of soy production, especially deforestation and climate change. But company commitments to reduce deforestation in their supply chains are not leading to outcomes on the ground. Achieving concerted action by supply chain actors requires consideration of their diverse perspectives. We investigate the mental models of Producer Associations, Traders, Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies (FMCGs), NGOs, and financial institutions to identify the key similarities and differences in the factors perceived to promote or inhibit a reduction of deforestation from soy production in Brazil. Our results show general agreement across participants that NGO pressure and reputational risk are external motivators for companies to move towards sustainability, but only certain actor groups recognised that internal motivators are additionally needed for alignment between a sustainability agenda and a company's corporate strategy-highlighting the importance of internal motivators to stimulate companies to translate commitments into actionable policies. Our results suggest that implementation of commitments to reduce deforestation is hampered by different perceived financial risks, differences in the levels of influence and power held by different actors, and a perceived entitlement to deforest that prevails over a sense of urgency for environmental sustainability. We highlight that any policy that threatens this right to deforest mindset can lead to the erosion of producers' conservation behaviour through unnecessary clearing of land before such policy is implemented. Our findings highlight an opportunity for the organisations driving sustainability initiatives to consider and explore these differences as they seek transnational corporations to transition to a more sustainable soy industry and supply chain. Moreover, our study provides an example of how mental models can provide valuable insights for the achievement of sustainability in agricultural supply chains more broadly.
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| 3. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusion, Transparency, and Enforcement: How the EU-Mercosur Trade Agreement Fails the Sustainability Test Comment
- 2020
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3322 .- 2590-3330. ; 3:3, s. 268-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trade agreements could help to protect human rights, critical ecosystems, and the climate-but only if sustainability becomes a cornerstone of international trade. The EU-Mercosur trade agreement fails to meet our three tenets of sustainable trade agreements: (1) inclusion of local communities, (2) transparency mechanisms to trace commodities and provide open-access information, and (3) enforcement to legally uphold sustainability commitments.
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| 4. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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