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- Andersson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2015 : Resursöversikt
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua) vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 40 fiskarter uppdelade i olika bestånd, samt sex skal-och blötdjursarter.Nytt för årets upplaga är en beskrivning av hur de provfisken som ligger till grund för analys och rådgivning utförs.Översikten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 2. |
- Kozian, Alf, 1969-
(författare)
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Pathophysiological and Histomorphological Effects of One-Lung Ventilation in the Porcine Lung
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Thoracic surgical procedures require partial or complete airway separation and the opportunity to exclude one lung from ventilation (one-lung ventilation, OLV). OLV is commonly associated with profound pathophysiological changes that may affect the postoperative outcome. It is injurious in terms of increased mechanical stress including alveolar cell stretch and overdistension, shear forces secondary to repeated tidal collapse and reopening of alveolar units and compression of alveolar vessels. Ventilation and perfusion distribution may thus be affected during and after OLV. The present studies investigated the influence of OLV on ventilation and perfusion distribution, on the gas/tissue distribution and on the lung histomorphology in a pig model of thoracic surgery.Anaesthetised and mechanically ventilated piglets were examined. The ventilation and perfusion distribution within the lungs was assessed by single photon emission computed tomography. Computed tomography was used to establish the effects of OLV on dependent lung gas/tissue distribution. The pulmonary histopathology of pigs undergoing OLV and thoracic surgery was compared with that of two-lung ventilation (TLV) and spontaneous breathing.OLV induced hyperperfusion and significant V/Q mismatch in the ventilated lung persistent in the postoperative course. It increased cyclic tidal recruitment that was associated with a persistent increase of gas content in the ventilated lung. OLV and thoracic surgery as well resulted in alveolar damage. In the present model of OLV and thoracic surgery, alveolar recruitment manoeuvre (ARM) and protective ventilation approach using low tidal volume preserved the ventilated lung density distribution and did not aggravate cyclic recruitment of alveoli in the ventilated lung.In conclusion, the present model established significant alveolar damage in response to OLV and thoracic surgery. Lung injury could be related to the profound pathophysiological consequences of OLV including hyperperfusion, ventilation/perfusion mismatch and increased tidal recruitment of lung tissue in the dependent, ventilated lung. These mechanisms may contribute to the increased susceptibility for respiratory complications in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. A protective approach including sufficient ARM, application of PEEP, and the use of lower tidal volumes may prevent the ventilated lung from deleterious consequences of OLV.
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| 5. |
- Walther, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Unexpected gender bias among organ donors in Sweden during 2009-2013. A nationwide observational study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 59:Suppl. 121
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The gap between the number of organ donors and patients on waiting lists for transplantation is wide globally. Understanding reasons for variation in organ donation between and within countries may lead to increased availability of organs for transplantation. The purpose of the present analysis was to examine age and gender of organ donors in Sweden.Methods: All deaths in Swedish ICUs during 2009–2013 were examined using a prospectively determined protocol comprising 10 primary questions. Protocols were sent electronically to the Swed- ish Intensive Care Registry (SIR) for validation and then joined with the appropriate ICU admission in the SIR database. The rela- tionship between organ donation and gender was analysed using logistic regression adjusted for age and comorbidities (as defined in the SAPS3 model) and presented as odds ratios (OR).Results: The female to male ratio (F/M) was 0.72 in ICU admissions and ICU deaths, while the organ donor F/M was 1.06. Almost all organ donors (98%) were found in 4 major diagnostic groups which all showed a disproportionate high female donor rate (Table). Mean age in female organ donors was 54.9 (SD 16.5) years. and in men 53.5 (18.3) years, P = 0.48. The crude female OR for becoming a donor was 1.47 (95% CI: 1.25–1.74, P < 0.001), and the adjusted OR was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.28–1.88, P < 0.001).Table 1 Source: https://www.eventure-online.com/parthen-uploads/154/SSAI/img1_264985_Nxx2LShLTc.jpg.Conclusion: During the critical pathway for organ donation after brain death the F/M ratio unexpectedly rose. Why and when men became underrepresented in this pathway needs further study.
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