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- Ekelund, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Association of weight gain in infancy and early childhood with metabolic risk in young adults
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 92:1, s. 98-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Early postnatal life has been suggested as an important window during which risks for long-term health may be influenced. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the independent associations between weight gain during infancy (0-6 months) and early childhood (3-6 yr) with components of the metabolic syndrome in young adults. DESIGN: This was a prospective cohort study (The Stockholm Weight Development Study). SETTING: The study was conducted in a general community. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects included 128 (54 males) singletons, followed from birth to 17 yr. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: None of these young adults met the full criteria for the metabolic syndrome. We therefore calculated a continuous clustered metabolic risk score by averaging the standardized values of the following components: waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and insulin level. RESULTS: Clustered metabolic risk at age 17 yr was predicted by weight gain during infancy (standardized beta = 0.16; P < 0.0001) but not during early childhood (standardized beta = 0.10; P = 0.23), adjusted for birth weight, gestational age, current height, maternal fat mass, and socioeconomic status at age 17 yr. Further adjustment for current fat mass and weight gain during childhood did not alter the significant association between infancy weight gain with the metabolic risk score (standardized beta = 0.20; P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Rapid weight gain during infancy (0-6 months) but not during early childhood (3-6 yr) predicted clustered metabolic risk at age 17 yr. Early interventions to moderate rapid weight gain even at very young ages may help to reduce adult cardiovascular disease risks.
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| 2. |
- Ekelund, Ulf, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Does physical activity equally predict gain in fat mass among obese and nonobese young adults?
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 31:1, s. 65-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Differences in energy metabolism and physical activity (PA) may contribute to the long-term regulation of body weight (BW).OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between metabolic determinants, energy expenditure and objectively measured components of PA with change in BW and fat mass (FM). DESIGN: Prospective (4 years.), case-control study in obese (n=13) and normal weight (n=15) young adults.MEASUREMENTS: At baseline, we measured resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, movement economy (ml O(2) kg(-1) min(-1)), aerobic fitness (VO(2max)), total and PA energy expenditure by doubly labelled water, and PA by accelerometry. Fat mass was measured by DXA. At follow-up we repeated our measurements of PA and FM.RESULTS: Fat mass increased significantly (P<0.001) in both groups. Physical activity did not change between baseline and 'follow up'. Change in overall PA (counts per minute) was inversely associated with change in BW and (beta=-0.0124, P=0.054) and FM (beta=-0.008, P=0.04). Post hoc analyses suggested that this association was explained by changes in the normal weight group only (beta=-0.01; P=0.008; and beta=-0.0097; P=0.009, for BW and FM, respectively). Metabolic determinants, energy expenditure estimates and subcomponents of PA (i.e. time spent at different intensity levels) were not significantly associated with change in BW or FM.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest an independent association between PA and FM. However, this association may differ depending on obesity status. The gain in FM, without any change in PA, may suggest that dietary intake is the major contributor to the positive energy balance.
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