| 1. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Wang, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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A dynamic firefly algorithm based on two-way guidance and dimensional mutation
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation (IJBIC). - : Inderscience Publishers. - 1758-0366 .- 1758-0374. ; 20:2, s. 126-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a stochastic optimiser, the firefly algorithm (FA) has been successfully and widely used in the solutions to various optimisation problems. Recent related research shows that the standard FA does not sufficiently balance between exploration and exploitation. Especially in high-dimensional problems, it is easy for the standard FA to fall into the local optimum and lead to premature convergence. To overcome the problems as mentioned above, DMTgFA uses three strategies: dynamic step length setting strategy (DS), non-elite two-way guidance model (TG) and elites dimensional mutation strategy (DM). The dynamic step length setting strategy makes the algorithm convergence speed faster. The non-elite two-way guidance model and the elite dimensional mutation strategy cooperate to solve the balance problem between global search and local search. Experimental results show that DMTgFA has stronger optimisation ability and faster convergence speed than other state-of-the-art FA variants.
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| 6. |
- Wuttke, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:6, s. 957-972
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
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| 7. |
- Barakat, Serena, et al.
(författare)
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A Three-Stage Periodic Model : An Initial Analysis of Government Preventive Measures against COVID-19 Epidemics
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450387859 ; , s. 26-31
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In early spring 2020, Covid-19 was categorized as a pandemic and has since infected several millions of people in many countries and claimed hundreds of thousands of lives. Various strict strategies and prevention measures, such as curfews and lockdowns of cities or entire countries, have been enforced by governments to mitigate the spread of the virus. While the results of the aforementioned enforced measures deemed promising for some countries, the same could not be said about others. This paper serves as an initial analysis of the effect of government enforced strategies and safety measures on the transmission of Covid-19. We propose a three-stage periodic model: The rise stage, plateau stage, and decline stage, to describe the changes of the spread of Covid-19. The results show a positive and constructive answer to our proposed three-stage model. © 2020 ACM.
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| 8. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 9. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Assistive Technology Needs, Use and Experiences among Adults in Sweden Based on a Representative Survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICCHP-AAATE 2022 Open Access Compendium. - Linz : Association ICCHP. - 9783950499780 ; , s. 101-107
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of needs for and use of assistive products, and experiences of assistive technology among adults under COVID-19 pandemic circumstances in Sweden. Mainly during June 2021, a nationally representative telephone survey was conducted to collect data through an adapted version of the WHO rapid Assistive Technology Assessment (rATA) questionnaire. Including spectacles, the prevalence of needing at least one assistive product was 68.9% and the prevalence of using at least one assistive product was 68.1%. Excluding spectacles, these prevalence rates were 17.1% and 15.8%, respectively. The access rate was 89.7% including spectacles and 83.2% excluding spectacles. The impact of the pandemic on assistive technology provision appeared to be relatively small.
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