| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
The antisecretory factor in plasma and breast milk in breastfeeding mothers : a prospective cohort study in Sweden
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI. - 2072-6643. ; 10:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation and infection postpartum threaten the mother and her infant. Human milk provides a defense for the infant, but inflammatory complications like mastitis may lead to the cessation of breastfeeding. Antisecretory factor (AF) has a role in the regulation of secretory processes and inflammation. The objective of the study was to describe AF-levels in plasma and breast milk, and in relation to breast complications. Breastfeeding mothers (n = 95) were consecutively recruited at a Well Baby Clinic in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion four weeks postpartum, samples of venous blood (10 mL) and breast milk (10 mL) were collected. Active AF was analyzed with ELISA using a monoclonal antibody mAb43, and was detected in all samples of plasma and breast milk with a positive correlation (Spearman coefficient = 0.40, p < 0.001; Pearson correlation = 0.34, p < 0.01). High AF-levels in plasma correlated with high AF-levels in breast milk. The results suggest a co-regulation between active AF in plasma and breastmilk, and/or a local regulation of AF in the breast. Further studies are needed to determine the pathways for the activation of AF-levels in breast milk and plasma.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hasslöf, Pamela, et al.
(författare)
-
Vitamin D Insufficiency among Women Post-Partum in Northern Sweden : A Public Health Concern
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Food and Nutrition Sciences. - : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2157-944X .- 2157-9458. ; :8, s. 99-109
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pregnancy and post-partum represent a period of susceptibility for vitamin D insufficiency. This study investigated S-25 [OH] D levels in women in northern Sweden 4 weeks post-partum and its association with selected background factors. Blood from 100 healthy women were analyzed for iron status and serum levels of S-25[OH] D using ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS). <50 nmol/L was categorized as insufficiency and <25 nmol/L as deficiency. Maternal BMI, dietary habits, fungal infections during pregnancy, and infant birth characteristics were collected using questionnaires and medical charts. 58% were vitamin D insufficient whereas 10% had deficiency. Insufficiency was most common during winter (OR = 2.77; 95% CI = 1.1-6.96) and women with deficiency reported lower milk consumption; 11.3 ± 22.8 intakes per months vs. 34.0 ± 28.9 for those above 25 nmol/L (p < 0.05). Vitamin D-insufficient women had lower serum ferritin levels (p < 0.01) and higher serum transferrin levels (p < 0.05). A history of vaginal fungal infection during pregnancy was associated with insufficiency (OR = 5.10; 95% CI = 1.01-25.73), however, the confidence interval of the estimate was wide, resulting in uncertainty. It is concluded that vitamin D insufficiency 4 weeks post-partum was common in women living at 63°49'N. The odds of being insufficient were increased during winter whereas milk consumption was negatively associated with deficiency. The low vitamin D-levels particularly during winter is a public health concern. From a public health perspective it has to be considered whether dietary advices alone should be modified or if supplementation with vitamin D during pregnancy and the post-partum period also is needed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Stecksén-Blicks, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of oral Candida in the first year of life
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Mycoses. - : Wiley. - 0933-7407 .- 1439-0507. ; 58:9, s. 550-556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colonisation of the gastrointestinal tract is influenced by primary microbial exposure and bioactive factors in breastmilk. The aim was to explore the prevalence of oral Candida in the first year of life in relation to selected exposures. Oral Candida was studied in 100 healthy infants at 4 and 8 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months of age and related to delivery mode, birth weight, infant health and feeding, antibiotics, antimycotics, steroids and probiotics in mother and infant, living conditions, maternal smoking and infections The association between lactoferrin and antisecretory factor in breastmilk and maternal serum haemoglobin, transferrin, and ferritin levels in relation to oral Candida was also explored. About 11% to 15% of the infants had oral Candida at the respective age. Colonisation was fairly stable until 6 months of age. There was no conclusive impact of the investigated exposures at entry. Infants with a furry pet at home had a lower frequency of Candida at 3 months, (P < 0.05) whereas all but one colonised infant had older siblings at 12 months (P < 0.01). Lactoferrin in breastmilk was negatively associated with colonisation at 6 months of age. It is concluded that 11 to 15% had oral Candida. Exposure to furry pets and siblings impacted oral Candida.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kelderer, Fanny, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between pre- and postnatal antibiotic exposures and early allergic outcomes : a population-based birth cohort study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 33:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early life antibiotic treatment is one likely exposure influencing allergy risk. The objective was to investigate associations between pre- and postnatal antibiotic exposures and the development of allergic manifestations until age 18 months.Methods: We included 1387 mother–child dyads from the prospective, population-based NorthPop birth cohort study. Data on antibiotic exposures in pregnancy and childhood were collected by web-based questionnaires. Until the child turned 18 months old, parents (n = 1219) reported symptoms of wheeze, eczema, and physician-diagnosed asthma; parents (n = 1025) reported physician-diagnosed food allergy. At age 18 months, serum immunoglobulin E levels to inhalant (Phadiatop) and food (Food mix fx5) allergens were determined. Associations were estimated using bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions.Results: Prenatal antibiotic exposure was positively associated with food sensitization in the crude (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.01–3.26) but not in the adjusted analyses (aOR 1.58, 0.82–3.05). A borderline significant association was found between prenatal exposure and wheeze (aOR 1.56, 0.95–2.57). Postnatal antibiotics were positively associated with wheeze (aOR 2.14, 1.47–3.11), asthma (aOR 2.35, 1.32–4.19), and eczema (aOR 1.49, 1.07–2.06). Postnatal antibiotics were negatively associated with food sensitization (aOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25–0.83) but not with food allergy nor sensitization to inhalants.Conclusion: Pre- and postnatal antibiotic exposure demonstrated positive associations with allergic manifestations and the former also with food sensitization. In contrast, there was a negative association between postnatal antibiotics and food sensitization. Food sensitization is often transient but may precede respiratory allergies. Future studies should investigate the relationship between antibiotic exposure and food sensitization later in childhood.
|
|
| 5. |
- Lundkvist, Ellen, et al.
(författare)
-
Fruit pouch consumption and dietary patterns related to BMIz at 18 months of age
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI. - 2072-6643. ; 13:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concerns have been raised that an overconsumption of baby food fruit pouches among toddlers might increase the risk of childhood obesity. This study aimed to quantify the consumption of fruit pouches and other fruit containing food products and to explore potential correlations between the consumption of these products and body-mass index z-score (BMIz) at 18 months, taking other predictive factors into consideration. The study was based on 1499 children and one-month-recall food frequency questionnaires from the Swedish population-based birth cohort NorthPop. Anthropometric outcome data were retrieved from child health care records. BMIz at 18 months of age was correlated to maternal BMI and gestational weight gain and inversely correlated to fruit juice consumption and breastfeeding. BMIz at 18 months of age was not correlated to consumption of fruit pouches, sugar-sweetened beverages, whole fruit or milk cereal drink. Overweight at 18 months of age was correlated to maternal BMI and inversely correlated to breastfeeding duration. To our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates possible associations between baby food fruit pouch consumption and overweight in toddlers. We found that moderate fruit pouch consumption is not associated with excess weight at 18 months of age.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ostergaard, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
A tetravalent meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine is immunogenic and well-tolerated when co-administered with Twinrix
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier. - 0264-410X .- 1873-2518. ; 30:4, s. 774-783
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The co-administration of the tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenACWY-TT, with a licensed hepatitis A and B vaccine, HepA/B (Twinrix (R)), was compared to their separate administration in this open, randomised, controlled study. Healthy subjects 11-17 years of age (n = 611) were randomised (3:1:1) to receive both vaccines, MenACWY-TT alone or HepA/B alone. The co-administration of both vaccines was shown to be non-inferior to their individual administration. At seven months after the first vaccination, 99.4-100% of the subjects who received both vaccines co-administered showed seroprotection against all meningococcal serogroups and at least 99.1% of them were seropositive for hepatitis A and seroprotected against hepatitis B. This study suggests that MenACWY-TT vaccine could be co-administered with HepA/B without adversely impacting the immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of either of the vaccines.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ostergaard, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
A tetravalent meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine is immunogenic and well-tolerated when co-administered with Twinrix (R) in subjects aged 11-17 years: An open, randomised, controlled trial
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2518 .- 0264-410X. ; 30:4, s. 774-783
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The co-administration of the tetravalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, MenACWY-TT, with a licensed hepatitis A and B vaccine, HepA/B (Twinrix (R)), was compared to their separate administration in this open, randomised, controlled study. Healthy subjects 11-17 years of age (n = 611) were randomised (3:1:1) to receive both vaccines, MenACWY-TT alone or HepA/B alone. The co-administration of both vaccines was shown to be non-inferior to their individual administration. At seven months after the first vaccination, 99.4-100% of the subjects who received both vaccines co-administered showed seroprotection against all meningococcal serogroups and at least 99.1% of them were seropositive for hepatitis A and seroprotected against hepatitis B. This study suggests that MenACWY-TT vaccine could be co-administered with HepA/B without adversely impacting the immunogenicity, safety and reactogenicity of either of the vaccines. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Österlund, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Revised Swedish infant feeding guidelines are associated with earlier introduction of allergenic foods
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 153:2, s. 461-470
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that early introduction of allergenic foods, such as peanut and egg, can reduce food allergy in high-risk children. Many international guidelines recommend introduction of allergenic foods in the first year of life, and accordingly, the Swedish National Food agency released updated guidelines in June 2019.Objective: Our aim was to examine whether the age at introduction and consumption frequency of allergenic foods have changed since release of the revised national guidelines on the introduction of solid foods in Sweden.Methods: Children born between June 2016 and December 2018 (n = 1925) were compared with children born between June 2019 and April 2021 (n = 1761) by using data from the NorthPop Birth Cohort study. Data on food introduction, eczema, and food allergy were prospectively collected until age 18 months by using web-based questionnaires. IgE sensitization was assessed at 18 age months.Results: The proportion of participants who had been introduced to egg, legume, soy products, peanut, almond, and cashew nut during the first year of life increased after implementation of the revised national guidelines. The most significant changes were seen for legume (from 55.2% to 69.8% [adjusted odds ratio = 1.90 (95% CI = 1.62-2.24)] and peanut (from 29.2% to 43.2% adjusted odds ratio = 1.87 (95% CI = 1.55-2.24)]); consumption frequency had also increased. No differences in the prevalence of eczema, food allergy, or sensitization to the foods of interest were found.Conclusion: Since release of the revised guidelines, infants in the general population are introduced to and consume a variety of allergenic foods earlier and more frequently; however, early manifestations of allergic disease have remained unchanged.
|
|
