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Sökning: WFRF:(Widen E) > Högskolan Väst

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1.
  • Olsen-Widén, Stephen, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Self-Reported Tinnitus and Noise Sensitivity among Adolescents in Sweden
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Noise & Health. - India : Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd.. - 1463-1741 .- 1998-4030. ; 7:25, s. 29-40
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • It seems to be a common opinion among researchers within the field of audiology that the prevalence of tinnitus will increase as a consequence of environmental factors, for example exposure to loud noise. Young people are exposed to loud sounds, more than any other age group, especially during leisure time activities, i.e. at pop concerts, discotheques and gyms. A crucial factor for the prevention of hearing impairments and hearing-related symptoms in the young population is the use of hearing protection. The focus of the present study is use of hearing protection and self-reported hearing-related symptoms, such as tinnitus and noise sensitivity in a young population of high-school students (N=1285), aged 13 to 19 years. The results show that the prevalence of permanent tinnitus and noise sensitivity, reported in the total group, was 8.7% and 17.1% respectively. Permanent tinnitus was not significantly related to level of socio-economic status, but age-related differences in the prevalence rates of experienced tinnitus and noise sensitivity were found to be significant. Older students reported such symptoms to a greater extent than younger students did. Those who reported tinnitus and other hearing-related symptoms protected their hearing to the highest extent and were the ones most worried.
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2.
  • Widen, Stephen E., 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Hearing, use of hearing protection, and attitudes towards noise among young American adults
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 48:8, s. 537-545
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible associations between college students' attitudes, risk-taking behaviour related to noisy activities, and hearing problems such as threshold shifts or self-experienced hearing symptoms. The sample included 258 students aged between 17 and 21 enrolled at the University of Pennsylvania, USA. A questionnaire measuring attitudes towards noise, use of hearing protection, and self-reported hearing symptoms was distributed among the students. After completing the questionnaire a hearing screening, including pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry, was conducted. The result revealed that 26% had thresholds poorer than the screening level of 20 dBHL. Attitudes were significantly related to self-experienced hearing symptoms, but not to threshold shifts. Attitudes and noise sensitivity was, significantly related to use of hearing protection. Hearing protection use was found in activities such as using firearms, mowing lawns, and when using noisy tools but was less reported for concerts and discotheques. It can be concluded that the young adults in this study expose themselves to hearing risks, since the use of hearing protection is in general very low. © 2009 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved.
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3.
  • Bohlin, Margareta, 1970-, et al. (författare)
  • Risks and music - Patterns among young women and men in Sweden
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Noise & Health. - : Medknow. - 1463-1741 .- 1998-4030. ; 13:53, s. 310-319
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Music and high levels of sound have not traditionally been associated with risk-taking behaviors. Loud music may intensify and bring more power and meaning to the musical experience, but it can at the same time be harmful to hearing. The present study aims to increase the knowledge about young women′s and men′s risk judgement and behaviour by investigating patterns in adolescent risk activities among 310 adolescents aged 15-20 (143 women; 167 men). The Australian instrument ARQ was used with additional questions on hearing risks and a factor analysis was conducted. The main results showed that the factor structure in the judgement and behavior scale for Swedish adolescents was rather different from the factor structure in the Australian sample. Also, the factor structure was not similar to the Australian sample split on gender. The results are discussed from a gender- and existential perspective on risk taking, and it is emphasized that research on risk behavior needs to reconceptualize stereotypical ideas about gender and the existential period in adolescence.
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4.
  • Bohlin, Margareta, 1970-, et al. (författare)
  • Risktagande : Hot eller utveckling?
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Ung på 2000-talet. - Trollhättan : Högskolan Väst. - 9789197794305 ; , s. 93-107
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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7.
  • Widén, Stephen E., 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Fusk och plagiat vid högskolan
  • 2007
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Denna rapport genomfördes inom ramen för högskolepedagogisk utbildning. Studien syftade till att undersöka studenters och lärares bedömning av fusk/plagiat och sätta detta i relation till tentamensformer. Ytterligare ett syfte var att beskriva studenters och lärares åsikter om vad som är fusk och vad eventuella skillnader mellan lärares och studenters åsikter kan bero på. Studien genomfördes som en enkätstudie bland lärare och studenter. Deltagarna ombads att bedöma sex olika vinjetter ifråga om grad av fusk samt om personen i vinjetten handlade omoraliskt eller moraliskt riktigt. Resultatet visade att examinationsformer som ur pedagogisk synvinkel underlättar eget reflekterande och lärande också är de former där studenterna anser att det är lättast att fuska. Både lärare och studenter bedömde fuskvinjetterna relativt likartat, däremot skiljde de sig något ifråga om den moraliska bedömningen av vinjetterna, där lärare ansåg att vissa beteenden var mer omoraliska jämfört med studenterna. Det fanns en osäkerhet både bland studenter och lärare ifråga om var gränsen för fusk och plagiat går. En del lärare ansåg att det var svårt att bedöma något som fusk såvida inte hänsyn togs till eventuella förklaringar och förmildrande omständigheter kring enskilda fall. Om det råder en stor osäkerhet om vad som är fusk, finns det en risk att definitionen av fusk landar i enskilda personers moraliska uppfattningar som inte nödvändigtvis baseras på kunskaper om rådande regler.
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8.
  • Widén, Stephen E., et al. (författare)
  • Gender perspectives in psychometrics related to leisure time noise exposure and use of hearing protection
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Noise & Health. - Mumbai, India : Medknow. - 1463-1741 .- 1998-4030. ; 13:55, s. 407-414
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of the present study was to investigate possible gender differences regarding psychometric scales measuring risk perception in noisy situations, attitudes towards loud music, perceived susceptibility to noise, and individual norms and ideals related to activities where loud music is played. In addition the purpose was to analyze whether these variables are associated with protective behavior such as the use of hearing protection. A questionnaire was administered to a Swedish sample including 543 adolescents aged 16 to 20. The result revealed significant gender differences for all the psychometric scales. In addition, all psychometric measures were associated with hearing protection use in musical settings. Contrary to previous studies, gender did not contribute to any explanation of protective behavior by itself in the analysis. One conclusion is that although gender does not contribute by itself for the explanation of protective behavior, gender may affect psychological variables such as risk perception, attitudes and perceived susceptibility and that these variables may in turn be valuable for decision-making and protective behavior in noisy situations. Although women tend to be more ′careful′ psychologically, they nevertheless tend to behave in the same way as men as regards actual noise-related risk taking.
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9.
  • Widén, Stephen E., 1975- (författare)
  • Noise and music : a matter of risk perception
  • 2006
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The prevalence of tinnitus and hearing impairments among adolescents seems to increase as a consequence of exposure to loud noise. Several studies have highlighted the negative auditory effects of exposure to loud music at concerts and discotheques, environments in which young people today spend considerable periods of time. The appreciation of loud music clearly involves health-risks. Previous research suggests that patterns of health risk behaviours differ in relation to socio-economic status. The purpose of this thesis is to gain a better insight into adolescents’ and young adults’ attitudes and health-risk behaviours regarding exposure to loud music. Four empirical studies were conducted. Permanent tinnitus and noise sensitivity were not found to be significantly related to socio-economic status, although significant age-related differences in the prevalence of experienced tinnitus and noise sensitivity were found, which might indicate that the problem increases with age. Of 1285 subjects a larger number (30%) reported the use of hearing protection when attending concerts. Our finding that adolescents’ attitudes and behaviours regarding the use of hearing protection differed between levels of socio-economic status and age is of considerable interest. Adolescents from low socio- economic backgrounds express more positive attitudes towards noise and report less use of hearing protection, in comparison to those with high SES. These differences in attitudes and behaviour may indicate future socio-economic differences in ear health. Comparisons between Swedish and American young adults revealed that attitudes towards noise differed significantly due to gender and country. Men had more positive attitudes towards noise than women, and men from the USA had the most positive attitudes. Least positive were the women from Sweden. In Sweden the use of hearing protection at concerts was substantially higher than in the USA, a result that can be explained by cultural and attitudinal differences between the countries. Young people’s experiences, attitudes and beliefs concerning risk-taking in musical settings have been investigated in a qualitative study. In a theoretical model, we suggest that background variables, such as gender, culture and social status may have an impact on the individual’s self-image, risk consideration, social norms and ideals. These variables, together with attitudes and experience of risk-behaviour, are considered as important factors in the understanding of health-risk behaviour.
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10.
  • Widén, Stephen E., 1975- (författare)
  • Ungdomars attityder till hög musik och risk för hörselskador
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Barnbladet : tidskrift för Sveriges barnsjuksköterskor. - Uppsala : Riksföreningen för barnsjuksköterskor. - 0349-1994. ; 33:5, s. 11-13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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