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- Janson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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High use of short-acting beta(2)-agonists in COPD is associated with an increased risk of exacerbations and mortality
- 2023
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Ingår i: ERJ Open Research. - : European Respiratory Society. - 2312-0541. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Short-acting beta(2)-agonist (SABA) overuse has been associated with an increased risk of exacerbations in asthma; however, less is known about SABA use in COPD. Our aim was to describe SABA use and investigate potential associations between high SABA use and the risk of future exacerbations and mortality in COPD.Methods: This observational study identified COPD patients in primary care medical records in Sweden. Data were linked to the National Patient Registry, the Prescribed Drug Registry and the Cause of Death Registry. The index date was 12 months after the date of COPD diagnosis. During a 12-month prior to index baseline period, information on SABA use was collected. Patients were followed with respect to exacerbations and mortality for 12 months post index.Results: Of the 19 794 COPD patients included (mean age 69.1 years, 53.3% females), 15.5% and 7.0% had collected >= 3 or >= 6 SABA canisters during the baseline period, respectively. A higher level of SABA use (>= 6 canisters) was independently associated with a higher risk of both moderate and severe exacerbations (hazard ratio (HR) 1.28 (95% CI 1.17.1.40) and 1.76 (95% CI 1.50.2.06), respectively) during follow-up. In total, 673 (3.4%) patients died during the 12-month follow-up period. An independent association was found between high SABA use and overall mortality (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.07.2.39). This association, however, was not found in patients using inhaled corticosteroids as maintenance treatment.Conclusion: In COPD patients in Sweden, high SABA use is relatively common and associated with a higher risk of exacerbations and all-cause mortality.
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| 2. |
- Janson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Management and Risk of Mortality in Patients Hospitalised Due to a First Severe COPD Exacerbation
- 2020
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - : DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD. - 1176-9106 .- 1178-2005. ; 15, s. 2673-2682
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Reducing the need for hospitalisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important goal in COPD management. The aim of this study was to evaluate re-hospitalisation, treatment, comorbidities and mortality in patients with COPD who were hospitalised for the first time due to a COPD exacerbation.Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based observational cohort study of Swedish patients using linked data from three mandatory national health registries to assess re-hospitalisation rates, medication use and mortality. Rate of hospitalisation was calculated using the number of events divided by the number of person-years at risk; risk of all-cause and COPD-related mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.Results: In total, 51,247 patients were identified over 10 years; 35% of patients were not using inhaled corticosteroid, long-acting muscarinic antagonist or long-acting beta(2)-agonist treatment prior to hospitalisation, 38% of whom continued without treatment after being discharged. Re-hospitalisation due to a second severe exacerbation occurred in 11.5%, 17.8% and 24% of the patients within 30, 90 and 365 days, respectively. Furthermore, 24% died during the first year following hospitalisation and risk of all-cause and COPD-related mortality increased with every subsequent re-hospitalisation. Comorbidities, including ischaemic heart disease, heart failure and pneumonia, were more common amongst patients who were re-hospitalised than those who were not.Conclusion: Following hospitalisation for first severe COPD exacerbation, many patients did not collect the treatment recommended by current guidelines. Risk of mortality increased with every subsequent re-hospitalisation. Patients with concurrent comorbidities had an increased risk of being re-hospitalised.
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| 4. |
- Klein, Robert J, et al.
(författare)
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Blood biomarker levels to aid discovery of cancer-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms : kallikreins and prostate cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cancer Prevention Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1940-6207 .- 1940-6215. ; 3:5, s. 611-619
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymorphisms associated with prostate cancer include those in three genes encoding major secretory products of the prostate: KLK2 (encoding kallikrein-related peptidase 2; hK2), KLK3 (encoding prostate-specific antigen; PSA), and MSMB (encoding beta-microseminoprotein). PSA and hK2, members of the kallikrein family, are elevated in sera of men with prostate cancer. In a comprehensive analysis that included sequencing of all coding, flanking, and 2 kb of putative promoter regions of all 15 kallikrein (KLK) genes spanning approximately 280 kb on chromosome 19q, we identified novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and genotyped 104 SNPs in 1,419 cancer cases and 736 controls in Cancer Prostate in Sweden 1, with independent replication in 1,267 cases and 901 controls in Cancer Prostate in Sweden 2. This verified prior associations of SNPs in KLK2 and in MSMB (but not in KLK3) with prostate cancer. Twelve SNPs in KLK2 and KLK3 were associated with levels of PSA forms or hK2 in plasma of control subjects. Based on our comprehensive approach, this is likely to represent all common KLK variants associated with these phenotypes. A T allele at rs198977 in KLK2 was associated with increased cancer risk and a striking decrease of hK2 levels in blood. We also found a strong interaction between rs198977 genotype and hK2 levels in blood in predicting cancer risk. Based on this strong association, we developed a model for predicting prostate cancer risk from standard biomarkers, rs198977 genotype, and rs198977 x hK2 interaction; this model had greater accuracy than did biomarkers alone (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.874 versus 0.866), providing proof in principle to clinical application for our findings.
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| 5. |
- Melén, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Short-acting β2 -agonist use and asthma exacerbations in Swedish children: A SABINA Junior study.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1399-3038 .- 0905-6157. ; 33:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In adults and adolescents with asthma, use of ≥3 short-acting β2 -agonist (SABA) canisters/year is associated with increased exacerbation risk. Whether this association is present in younger children remains unknown. In this SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) Junior study, we assessed the association of SABA collection with exacerbation risk in the general Swedish pediatric asthma population.This population-based cohort study utilized linked data from the Swedish national healthcare registries involving patients with asthma (<18years) treated in secondary care between 2006-2015. Exacerbation risk, by baseline SABA collection (0-2 vs. ≥3 canisters, further examined as ordinal/continuous variable) and stratified on comorbid atopic disease (allergic rhinitis, dermatitis and eczema, and food/other allergies), was assessed for 1-year follow-up using negative binomial regression.Of 219,561 patients assessed, 45.4%, 31.7%, and 26.5% of patients aged 0-5, 6-11, and 12-17years, respectively, collected ≥3 SABA canisters during the baseline year (high use). Collection of ≥3 SABA canisters (vs. 0-2) was associated with increased exacerbation risk during follow-up (incidence rate ratios [95% confidence interval]: 1.35 [1.29-1.42], 1.22 [1.15-1.29], and 1.26 [1.19-1.34] for 0-5-, 6-11-, and 12-17-year-olds, respectively); the association persisted with SABA as a continuous variable and was stronger among patients without atopic diseases (32%-44% increased risk versus. 14%-21% for those with atopic disease across groups).High SABA use was associated with increased asthma exacerbation risk in children, particularly in those without comorbid atopic diseases, emphasizing the need for asthma medication reviews and reformative initiatives by caregivers and healthcare providers on SABA use.
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| 6. |
- Nwaru, Bright I, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Overuse of short-acting β2-agonists in asthma is associated with increased risk of exacerbation and mortality : A nationwide cohort study of the global SABINA programme
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 55:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overuse of short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) may indicate poor asthma control and adverse health outcomes. Contemporary population-based data on use, risk factors and impact of SABA (over)use on asthma exacerbations and mortality are scarce, prompting initiation of the global SABINA (SABA use IN Asthma) programme.MethodsBy linking data from Swedish national registries, asthma patients aged 12–45 years with two or more collections of drugs for obstructive lung disease during 2006–2014 were included. SABA overuse was defined as collection of more than two SABA canisters in a 1-year baseline period following inclusion. SABA use was grouped into 3–5, 6–10 and ≥11 canisters per baseline-year. Cox regression was used to examine associations between SABA use and exacerbation (hospitalisations and/or oral corticosteroid claims) and mortality.ResultsThe analysis included 365 324 asthma patients (mean age 27.6 years; 55% female); average follow-up was 85.4 months. 30% overused SABA, with 21% collecting 3–5 canisters per year, 7% collecting 6–10 canisters per year and 2% collecting ≥11 canisters per year. Increasing number of collected SABA canisters was associated with increased risk of exacerbation, as follows. 3–5 canisters: hazard ratio (HR) 1.26 (95% CI 1.24–1.28); 6–10 canisters: 1.44 (1.41–1.46); and ≥11 canisters: 1.77 (1.72–1.83), compared to two or fewer canisters per year. Higher SABA use was associated with incrementally increased mortality risk (2564 deaths observed), as follows. 3–5 canisters: HR 1.26 (95% CI 1.14–1.39); 6–10 canisters 1.67 (1.49–1.87); and ≥11 canisters: 2.35 (2.02–2.72) compared to two or fewer canisters per year.ConclusionOne-third of asthma patients in Sweden collected three or more SABA canisters annually. SABA overuse was associated with increased risks of exacerbation and mortality. These findings emphasise that monitoring of SABA usage should be key in improving asthma management.
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| 8. |
- Sandelowsky, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Annual and Post-Exacerbation Follow-Up of Asthma Patients in Clinical Practice - A Large Population-Based Study in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Asthma and Allergy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1178-6965. ; 15, s. 475-486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Symptom control has not improved in Swedish asthma patients during the last two decades. Guidelines recommend annual reviews for asthma patients treated with maintenance inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). We aimed to describe how visit patterns in an ICS-treated asthma population in Sweden were related to applicable asthma guidelines.Methods: Swedish electronic health data for incident asthma patients, >= 18 years, with at least one ICS collection (index date) between 2006 and 2017 were included. Exacerbations were defined as hospitalizations, emergency visits, or collection of oral corticosteroids (OCS). Probability of an asthma-related regular follow-up visit and probability of a follow-up visit after an exacerbation, both within 15 months, were estimated using the cumulative incidence function, time-to-event analysis, and incident rate ratios.Results: In 51,349 asthma patients (mean age 47.6 years, 63% females), 17,573 had a regular asthma visit in primary or secondary care within 15 months after the index, yielding an overall probability of a visit of 37.4%. Patients with a follow-up visit had higher ICS collection and lower OCS collection than patients without regular visits. Among 22,097 patients with acute exacerbations, the probability of a visit within 15 months after an exacerbation was 31.0%. The probability of having a visit increased during the study period.Conclusion: Only one-third of ICS-treated asthma patients, regardless of asthma severity, had a regular or post-exacerbation followup visit within a 15-month period. The consequences of this lack of adherence to guidelines need further evaluation to secure optimal asthma management.
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| 9. |
- Sandelowsky, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Lack of COPD-Related Follow-Up Visits and Pharmacological Treatment in Swedish Primary and Secondary Care
- 2022
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1176-9106 .- 1178-2005. ; 17, s. 1769-1780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The Swedish guidelines recommend that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on maintenance treatment are monitored annually, and within six weeks after an exacerbation. We describe the patterns of COPD-related visits in Sweden, both regular follow-up and post-exacerbation visits.Methods: Patients (>40 years) with a first-time COPD diagnosis between 2006 and 2017 were identified in primary care medical records and linked to hospital contacts and administered drug data. The index date was defined as the first collection of inhaled COPD maintenance treatment after the diagnosis. Regular COPD visits within 15-months after the index, and post-exacerbation visits for COPD within six weeks and 15-months after an exacerbation were estimated using the cumulative incidence function adjusted for competing risk. Visits without a ICD code for COPD were not included in the analyses.Results: A total of 19,857 patients (mean age 69 years, 57% females) were included. The overall probability of having a regular follow-up visit for COPD within 15 months post-index was 39.1%. In total, 15,095 (76%) patients experienced at least one COPD exacerbation during the observation period. Among them, the probability of having a post-exacerbation visit was 7.0% within six weeks and 29.7% within 15-months. Patients without a regular COPD follow-up visit claimed significantly more oral corticosteroids (25.6% vs 15.6%), more respiratory antibiotics (39.1% vs 23.1%), and less maintenance treatment (10.9% vs 16.5%).Conclusion: Only 39% of COPD patients attended a regular follow-up visit within 15-months from the COPD diagnosis and one-third had a post-exacerbation visit. The adherence to guideline recommendations need to be improved.
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