| 1. |
- Abdukalikova, Anara, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Atrial Fibrillation from Short ECGs : Minimalistic Complexity Analysis for Feature-Based Classifiers
- 2018
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Ingår i: Computing in Cardiology 2018. - : IEEE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to facilitate data-driven solutions for early detection of atrial fibrillation (AF), the 2017 CinC conference challenge was devoted to automatic AF classification based on short ECG recordings. The proposed solutions concentrated on maximizing the classifiers F 1 score, whereas the complexity of the classifiers was not considered. However, we argue that this must be addressed as complexity places restrictions on the applicability of inexpensive devices for AF monitoring outside hospitals. Therefore, this study investigates the feasibility of complexity reduction by analyzing one of the solutions presented for the challenge.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, Niclas, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Gastric bypass reduces symptoms and hormonal responses to hypoglycemia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 65:9, s. 2667-2675
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastric bypass (GBP) surgery, one of the most common bariatric procedures, induces weight loss and metabolic effects. The mechanisms are not fully understood, but reduced food intake and effects on gastrointestinal hormones are thought to contribute. We recently observed that GBP patients have lowered glucose levels and frequent asymptomatic hypoglycemic episodes. Here, we subjected patients before and after undergoing GBP surgery to hypoglycemia and examined symptoms and hormonal and autonomic nerve responses. Twelve obese patients without diabetes (8 women, mean age 43.1 years [SD 10.8] and BMI 40.6 kg/m(2) [SD 3.1]) were examined before and 23 weeks (range 19-25) after GBP surgery with hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (stepwise to plasma glucose 2.7 mmol/L). The mean change in Edinburgh Hypoglycemia Score during clamp was attenuated from 10.7 (6.4) before surgery to 5.2 (4.9) after surgery. There were also marked postsurgery reductions in levels of glucagon, cortisol, and catecholamine and the sympathetic nerve responses to hypoglycemia. In addition, growth hormone displayed a delayed response but to a higher peak level. Levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide rose during hypoglycemia but rose less postsurgery compared with presurgery. Thus, GBP surgery causes a resetting of glucose homeostasis, which reduces symptoms and neurohormonal responses to hypoglycemia. Further studies should address the underlying mechanisms as well as their impact on the overall metabolic effects of GBP surgery.
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| 3. |
- Aiso, Toshiharu, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of combined additions of Si, Mn, Cr and Al to carbon steel on material transfer in a steel/TiN coated tool sliding contact
- 2017
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Ingår i: Wear. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1648 .- 1873-2577. ; 388-389, s. 9-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Material transferred from steel work materials onto the cutting tools largely affects tool life and machining performance. This material transfer is strongly influenced by the steel composition, and different alloying can have very different effects. Crossed cylinders sliding tests can be used to simulate the contact between the chip and the tool in machining. In this work such a test is used to evaluate material transfer and friction characteristics of a TiN coated tool sliding against five model steels. These model steels are especially designed to study the effects from specific combination of alloy elements, i.e. the steels, containing 0.55 mass% C and 1 mass% Si, are alloyed with one or more of 1 mass% Mn, Cr and Al. When using the steels alloyed without Al, Si-rich oxide layers are formed on the coating, resulting in a low friction coefficient. When using the steels alloyed with Al, almost pure Al–O layers are formed, resulting in a higher friction coefficient and rapid coating cracking. Essentially, the most easily oxidized alloy element is most strongly enriched in the oxide and decides the main mechanism of the material transfer and friction behavior.
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| 4. |
- Aiso, Toshiharu, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Si and Al additions to carbon steel on material transfer and coating damage mechanism in turning with CVD coated tools
- 2016
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Ingår i: Wear. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1648 .- 1873-2577. ; 368-369, s. 379-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Material transfer from the work materials to the tools strongly influences machining performance and tool life. The influence of Si and Al additions to carbon steel on the material transfer and coating wear in turning with CVD coated carbide tools is investigated. Three model steels are specifically designed to separately study the effects of the individual alloying elements: one reference steel with C as the only alloying element (Base steel), and two steels alloyed also with 1 mass% Si or Al. In the region around the depth of cut on the rake face, where the outside edge of the chip passes over the tool surface, the coating is worn mainly by abrasion when cutting the Base steel. When cutting the Si alloyed steel, an almost pure Si–O transfer layer covers the coating surface, which protects it from wear. When cutting the Al alloyed steel, an almost pure Al–O transfer layer forms on the coating. This layer promotes steel transfer and associated adhesive wear of the coating, which rapidly results in coating detachment and eventually causes notch wear. In the crater region, only the Al alloyed steel results in a transfer layer, an AlN layer that reduces the crater wear.
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| 5. |
- Aiso, Toshiharu, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Si and Cr additions to carbon steel on material transfer in a steel/TiN coated tool sliding contact
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tribology International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-679X .- 1879-2464. ; 97, s. 337-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A crossed cylinders sliding test, simulating the contact between the chip and the tool in machining, is used to evaluate material transfer and friction characteristics of a TiN coating against specifically designed model steels. These include one base reference, only alloyed with C (Base steel) and two alloyed also with 1 mass% Si or Cr. When sliding against the Base steel, an Fe-O layer is formed on the coating. Against the Si and Cr alloyed steels, Fe-Si-O and Fe-Cr-O layers are formed. In these oxides, Si and Cr are enriched, i.e. preferentially transferred from the steels. Compared to the Base steel, the friction coefficient is significantly lower against the Si alloyed steel and higher against the Cr alloyed steel.
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| 6. |
- Aiso, Toshiharu, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of contact parameters on material transfer from steel to TiN coated tool : optimisation of a sliding test for simulation of material transfer in milling
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-5831 .- 1751-584X. ; 10:3, s. 107-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sliding between crossed cylinders, one large work material cylinder and one smaller coated tool cylinder, can be used to simulate the contact between a chip and the rake face of a cutting tool. However accurate simulations require the mode of material transfer in the test to match that in real machining. The mode is strongly dependent on normal load and sliding speed, and it is classified into four types; negligible oxide, only iron oxide, iron oxide and alloy oxide, and metallic transfer with coating cracking. A high load proved to be most important to accurately simulate the mode and area of material transfer occurring in milling. The diameter of the work material cylinder influences the shape of the contact mark, but has no influence on the mode of transfer. This means smaller work material diameters can favorably be used, reducing costs and facilitating handling during both tests and analysis.
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| 7. |
- Aiso, Toshiharu, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Mn and Al additions to carbon steel on material transfer and coating damage mechanism in a sliding contact between steel and TiN coated HSS tool
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tribology International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-679X .- 1879-2464. ; 101, s. 414-424
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A crossed cylinders sliding test, simulating the contact between the chip and the cutting tool, is used to evaluate material transfer, friction characteristics and coating damage of a TiN coated high speed steel against specifically designed model steels. These steels include one reference with C as the only alloy element (Base steel), and two alloyed also with 1 mass% Mn or Al. When sliding against the Base steel, an Fe–O layer forms on the coating and protects it from wear. Against the Mn alloyed steel, Fe–Mn–O forms, which has no protective effect. Against the Al alloyed steel, an almost pure Al–O layer forms. This leads to the highest friction, rapidly causing substrate softening and coating fracture.
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| 8. |
- Albano, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Echocardio-variability - Low and high frequency beat-to-beat variability in echocardiographic signals
- 2013
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Ingår i: Computing in Cardiology 2013. - 9781479908844 ; , s. 767-770
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurement signals originating from the cardiovascular system are known to comprise oscillating components and beat-to-beat variability, e.g., heart-rate variability and blood pressure variability. In clinical echocardiographic procedures, typically only a few cardiac cycles are acquired. This pilot study analyses the beat-to-beat variability of echocardiographic variables (echocardio-variability) in minute long acquisitions.
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| 9. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Surgical Stages to Completed Fontan Circulation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 42:5, s. 1162-1169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arrhythmia is related to heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects the autonomic nervous regulation of the heart. We hypothesized that autonomic nervous ganglia, located at the junction of the superior vena cava's entrance to the heart, may be affected during the bidirectional Glenn procedure (BDG), resulting in reduced HRV. We aimed to investigate changes in heart rate and HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular heart defects, undergoing stepwise surgery towards total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), and compare these results with healthy controls. Twenty four hours Holter-ECG recordings were obtained before BDG (n = 47), after BDG (n = 47), and after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) (n = 45) in patients and in 38 healthy controls. HRV was analyzed by spectral and Poincare methods. Age-related z scores were calculated and compared using linear mixed effects modeling. Total HRV was significantly lower in patients before BDG when compared to healthy controls. The mean heart rate was significantly reduced in patients after BDG compared to before BDG. Compared to healthy controls, patients operated with BDG had significantly reduced heart rate and reduced total HRV. Patients with TCPC showed reduced heart rate and HRV compared with healthy controls. In patients after TCPC, total HRV was decreased compared to before TCPC. Heart rate was reduced after BDG procedure, and further reductions of HRV were seen post-TCPC. Our results indicate that autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm is affected both after BDG and again after TCPC. This may be reflected as, and contribute to, postoperative arrhythmic events.
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| 10. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Handheld ECG in analysis of arrhythmia and heart rate variability in children with Fontan circulation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Electrocardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0736 .- 1532-8430. ; 47:3, s. 374-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Our aim was to evaluate the intermittent use of a handheld ECG system for detecting silent arrhythmias and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in children with univentricular hearts. Methods: Twenty-seven patients performed intermittent ECG recordings with handheld devices during a 14-day period. A manual arrhythmia analysis was performed. We analyzed heart rate variability (HRV) using scatter plots of all interbeat intervals (Poincare plots) from the total observation period. Reference values of HRV indices were determined from Holter-ECGs in 41 healthy children. Results: One asymptomatic patient had frequent ventricular extra systoles. Another patient had episodes with supraventricular tachycardia (with concomitant palpitations). Seven patients showed reduced HRV. Conclusions: Asymptomatic arrhythmia was detected in one patient. The proposed method for pooling of intermittent recordings from handheld or similar devices may be used for detection of arrhythmias as well as for cardiac autonomic dysfunction.
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