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- Kauppi, Arvid, et al.
(författare)
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Control strategies for managing train traffic : Difficulties today and visions for the future
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 1996, on initiative from the Swedish National Rail Administration, the department of Human-Computer Interaction at the institute for Information Technology, Uppsala University initiated a research project with the objective to identify the difficulties present in today's train traffic control today and to find solutions to those problems, if possible.This paper describes the strategy used to control train traffic in Sweden today. Problems and difficulties inherited from the use of the current control strategies and systems are presented. With the goal to solve these problems, and aid the human operator in their work, solutions for new principles for control and a new control strategy are proposed - control by re-planning. The proposed control strategy is designed to support the train dispatcher to work in a more preventive manner and thereby avoiding potential disturbances in traffic when possible. The focus of control tasks will be shifted from controlling infrastructure on a technical level to focus more on a higher level of controlling the traffic flow through re-planning tasks. The new control strategy in combination with a new approach to automation, higher availability of decision relevant information and new graphical user interfaces addresses many of the issues and problems found in the control environment today.
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- Kauppi, Arvid, et al.
(författare)
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Future train traffic control : control by re-planning
- 2006
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Ingår i: Conition, Technology & work. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-5558 .- 1435-5566. ; 8:1, s. 50-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improving train traffic control can be a cost-efficient way to improve train traffic punctuality and increase utilization of existing and future railway infrastructure. However, performance in train traffic control tasks currently involves working on a technical level in order to regulate the traffic flow. Working in a preventive manner is poorly supported and train traffic controllers are usually restricted to just solving problems as they occur. This often results in unnecessarily long delays and decreased timeliness of train traffic. The main objective of this paper is to describe a proposed control strategy and a case study, which evaluates the control strategy and the prototype tool derived from the research. By shifting the control paradigm to a high-level control strategy, many of today’s problems may be avoided, with benefits of the reduction in delays, improved timeliness and better utilization of the infrastructure. Twenty-one train traffic controllers participated in a case study, with a simulated prototype environment. The majority of the participating train traffic controllers were positive to the new concepts and ideas. Many of the important aspects of the proposed control strategy can be investigated with the simulation, but due to the complexity of train traffic some issues must be evaluated in an operative environment.
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- Wikström, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Designing a graphical user interface for train traffic control
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 1996, on initiative of the Swedish National Rail Administration, a research study was initiated by the department of Human Computer Interaction at Uppsala University with the aim to learn more about the problems and difficulties involved in train traffic control. As a result of this study, and the developing situation with higher speeds, more frequent traffic, and many competing train traffic operators, a research project was initiated. The purpose was to find new strategies and technical solutions for future train traffic control.Modern research on human-computer interaction in complex and dynamic systems provided a framework for how to design an interface meeting these demands. Important aspects concern e.g. workload, situation awareness and automated cognitive processes, limitations in human memory capacity, cognitive work environment problems, human error performance and dynamic decision processes. Throughout the research a user centered approach has been applied. The new proposed interface is designed to integrate all decision relevant information into one unified interface and to support a continuous awareness of the dynamic development of the traffic process. A prototype of new train traffic control interface has been implemented in close collaboration with active train dispatchers. Early and promising in-house tests have been made using the prototype described in this paper. More extensive case studies and experiments need to be conducted before a complete evaluation can be made.
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