| 1. |
- Eriksdotter-Jönhagen, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Encapsulated cell biodelivery of nerve growth factor to the Basal forebrain in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9824 .- 1420-8008. ; 33:1, s. 18-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain correlates with cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Targeted delivery of exogenous nerve growth factor (NGF) has emerged as a potential AD therapy due to its regenerative effects on the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in AD animal models. Here we report the results of a first-in-man study of encapsulated cell (EC) biodelivery of NGF to the basal forebrain of AD patients with the primary objective to explore safety and tolerability.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Jönsson, Linus, et al.
(författare)
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Second International Pharmacoeconomic Conference on Alzheimer's Disease
- 2000
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Ingår i: Alzheimer disease and associated disorders. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1546-4156 .- 0893-0341. ; 14:3, s. 137-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Second International Pharmacoeconomic Conference on Alzheimer's Disease was held in Stockholm, Sweden, on April 4, 2000. The presentations focused on the role of cognition in pharmacoeconomic evaluations, the costs and consequences of behavioral disturbances, quality of life, disease progression models, and methods for valuing informal care. The results from individual studies will be published separately. Cognition has been used as the sole measure of disease severity in economic evaluations in dementia. However, behavioral disturbances are an important determinant of both cost and quality of life and should also be considered when appraising the effect of treatment. Quality-of-life assessment constitutes a single measure of the total impact of the disease, as well as a way of quantifying the benefits of treatment with antidementia drugs so that they can be compared with interventions in other disease areas. Measuring the quality of life of patients with dementia is associated with methodologic difficulties related to the difficulties for some patients in completing usual assessment processes. Disease progression models may be helpful in extrapolating the results from clinical trials to longer time periods and more representative populations. Modeling is an unavoidable part of the economic evaluation of antidementia drugs, and efforts should be made to increase transparency and comparability among models. Informal care constitutes a large percentage of the total care for patients with dementia, and the valuation of these services has a large impact on the results of pharmacoeconomic evaluations. Difficulties lie in quantifying the time spent on caring for the elderly and in attaching the correct price to each unit of time. The contingent valuation method is an alternative way of valuing informal care that so far has not been used in the field of dementia.
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| 4. |
- Kadir, Ahmadul, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of phenserine treatment on brain functional activity and amyloid in Alzheimer's disease.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Annals of neurology. - : Wiley. - 1531-8249 .- 0364-5134. ; 63:5, s. 621-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The effects of (-)-phenserine (phenserine) and placebo/donepezil treatment on regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRglc) and brain amyloid load were investigated by positron emission tomography in 20 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease in relation to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biomarkers, and cognitive function. METHODS: The first 3 months of the study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase, during which 10 patients received phenserine (30 mg/day) and 10 patients the placebo. Three to 6 months was an open-label extension phase, during which the placebo group received donepezil (5 mg/day) and the phenserine group remained on phenserine. After 6 months, all patients received phenserine treatment up to 12 months. The patients underwent positron emission tomography examinations to measure rCMRglc (8F-FDG) and amyloid load (11C-PIB) at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of the treatment. Neuropsychological and biomarker data were collected at the three times of positron emission tomography imaging. RESULTS: Statistically significant effects on a composite neuropsychological test score were observed in the phenserine-treated group compared with the placebo and donepezil group at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Values of rCMRglc were significantly increased in several cortical regions after 3 months of phenserine treatment, compared with baseline, and correlated positively with cognitive function and CSF beta-amyloid 40 (Abeta40). Cortical Pittsburgh Compound B retention correlated negatively with CSF Abeta40 levels and the ratio Abeta/beta-secretase-cleaved amyloid precursor protein. In CSF, Abeta40 correlated positively with the attention domain of cognition. INTERPRETATION: Phenserine treatment was associated with an improvement in cognition and an increase in rCMRglc.
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| 7. |
- Agüero-Torres, Hedda, et al.
(författare)
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Disability in activities of daily living among the elderly
- 2001
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Psychiatry. - 0951-7367 .- 1473-6578. ; 14:4, s. 355-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rise in number and proportion of older people, and the functional disability that is associated with increasing age, generate concern regarding the societal consequences of a large number of disabled elderly persons. Therefore, measuring disability in terms of activities of daily living has become routine in surveys of older people in most studies on ageing. Despite methodological obstacles, research into functional ability in the elderly has progressed during the past few decades. A high prevalence of functional disability in the elderly is consistently reported, although considerable variation has been found among studies. In contrast to functionally independent elderly, disabled elderly have been found to make increased use of home help services, and have higher institutionalization rates and premature mortality. Factors that are consistently reported as being associated with increased functional disability are older age, female sex, lower educational level, lack of exercise, chronic disease and impaired cognition. Among the chronic diseases, dementia is a progressive and disabling condition that accounts for a large proportion of the disability in elderly populations. A combination of various strategies must be employed in the approach to reduction of disability in the elderly population. More research is needed to gain a better understanding of risk and protective factors, so that we will be able to detect persons at early stages of disability, and to plan for services or rehabilitation for severely disabled persons.
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| 8. |
- Agüero-Torres, Hedda, et al.
(författare)
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Institutionalization in the elderly : The role of chronic diseases and dementia. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 54:8, s. 795-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A population-based study of 1810 persons, aged 75+, was investigated to evaluate the role of dementia and other chronic diseases as determinants of institutionalization in the elderly. The study population was examined at baseline and after a 3-year interval. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, functional dependence, dementia, cerebrovascular disease and hip fracture were associated with living in an institution at baseline. Additionally, functional dependence, hip fracture and dementia were also associated with moving to an institution during the 3-year follow-up. In a similar analysis, including only nondemented subjects, the Mini-Mental State Examination emerged as one of the strongest determinants. The population attributable risk percentage of institutionalization during the 3-year follow-up due to dementia was 61%. This study confirms that dementia and cognitive impairment are the main contributors to institutionalization in the elderly, independently of their sociodemographic status, social network, or functional status.
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| 9. |
- Andreasson, Ulf, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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A Practical Guide to Immunoassay Method Validation.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers in neurology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-2295. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biochemical markers have a central position in the diagnosis and management of patients in clinical medicine, and also in clinical research and drug development, also for brain disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is frequently used for measurement of low-abundance biomarkers. However, the quality of ELISA methods varies, which may introduce both systematic and random errors. This urges the need for more rigorous control of assay performance, regardless of its use in a research setting, in clinical routine, or drug development. The aim of a method validation is to present objective evidence that a method fulfills the requirements for its intended use. Although much has been published on which parameters to investigate in a method validation, less is available on a detailed level on how to perform the corresponding experiments. To remedy this, standard operating procedures (SOPs) with step-by-step instructions for a number of different validation parameters is included in the present work together with a validation report template, which allow for a well-ordered presentation of the results. Even though the SOPs were developed with the intended use for immunochemical methods and to be used for multicenter evaluations, most of them are generic and can be used for other technologies as well.
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| 10. |
- Arnetz, Judith E., et al.
(författare)
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Development and evaluation of a questionnaire for measuring patient views of involvement in myocardial infarction care
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 7:3, s. 229-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Patients' involvement in their healthcare has been associated with improved treatment outcomes in chronic illness. Less is known about the affects of patient involvement on the outcomes of acute illness, such as myocardial infarction. A better understanding of patients' views and behaviour during hospitalization might improve clinical practice and enhance patient involvement. AIM The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a questionnaire for measuring patients' perceptions of their involvement during hospitalization for myocardial infarction care. METHODS Focus groups with myocardial infarction patients provided the basis for the construction of the questionnaire. Questionnaire validity and reliability were evaluated in a small pilot study and a larger cross-sectional study among myocardial infarction patients at eleven Swedish hospitals. RESULTS The questionnaire demonstrated good validity and reliability, with six factors measuring patient views and behaviour regarding involvement. CONCLUSION The questionnaire appears to be a useful tool for evaluating the perceptions and behaviour of patients regarding patient involvement in myocardial infarction care. Use of this questionnaire may provide insight regarding areas of patient-staff interaction that need improvement. Pinpointing such areas may lead to improved patient involvement, satisfaction with care, and treatment outcomes.
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