| 1. |
- Abe, K., et al.
(författare)
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J-PARC Neutrino Beamline Upgrade Technical Design Report
- 2019
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this document, technical details of the upgrade plan of the J-PARC neutrino beamline for the extension of the T2K experiment are described. T2K has proposed to accumulate data corresponding to 2×1022 protons-on-target in the next decade, aiming at an initial observation of CP violation with 3σ or higher significance in the case of maximal CP violation. Methods to increase the neutrino beam intensity, which are necessary to achieve the proposed data increase, are described.
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| 4. |
- Langhorne, P, et al.
(författare)
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Is stroke unit care portable? A systematic review of the clinical trials
- 2005
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Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 34:4, s. 324-330
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is not known if mobile stroke teams can achieve the good results seen in trials of geographically discrete stroke wards (stroke units). Objective: To establish the effectiveness of mobile stroke teams. Design: Systematic review of controlled clinical trials that compared peripatetic systems of organised stroke care (stroke team care) with alternative hospital services. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis (using Cochrane Collaboration methodology and involving the primary trialists). Clinical outcomes included death, dependency, the need for institutional care and measures of the process of care such as the delivery of key investigations and treatments. Results: Six clinical trials (1,085 patients) were identified, five (781 patients) compared some form of stroke team care with conventional care in general medical wards and one (304 patients) compared team care with a comprehensive stroke unit. Compared with care in general wards, stroke team care improved some aspects of the process of care, but clinical outcomes were similar. Compared with a comprehensive stroke unit, stroke team patients were significantly less likely to survive (P< 0.001), return home (P< 0.001) or regain independence (P< 0.0001). Most aspects of the process of care were also poorer than in the stroke unit. Conclusions: Care from a mobile stroke team had no major impact on death, dependency or the need for institutional care. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Galbany, L., et al.
(författare)
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PISCO: The PMAS/PPak Integral-field Supernova Hosts Compilation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 855:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the PMAS/PPak Integral-field Supernova hosts COmpilation (PISCO), which comprises integral field spectroscopy (IFS) of 232 supernova (SN) host galaxies that hosted 272 SNe, observed over several semesters with the 3.5 m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory (CAHA). PISCO is the largest collection of SN host galaxies observed with wide-field IFS, totaling 466,347 individual spectra covering a typical spatial resolution of similar to 380 pc. Focused studies regarding specific SN Ia-related topics will be published elsewhere; this paper aims to present the properties of the SN environments, using stellar population (SP) synthesis, and the gas-phase interstellar medium, providing additional results separating stripped-envelope SNe into their subtypes. With 11,270 H ii regions detected in all galaxies, we present for the first time a statistical analysis of H ii regions, which puts H ii regions that have hosted SNe in context with all other star-forming clumps within their galaxies. SNe Ic are associated with environments that are more metal-rich and have higher EW(H alpha) and higher star formation rate within their host galaxies than the mean of all H ii regions detected within each host. This in contrast to SNe IIb, which occur in environments that are very different compared to other core-collapse SNe types. We find two clear components of young and old SPs at SNe IIn locations. We find that SNe II fast decliners tend to explode at locations where the Sigma(SFR) is more intense. Finally, we outline how a future dedicated IFS survey of galaxies in parallel to an untargeted SN search would overcome the biases in current environmental studies.
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| 6. |
- Goncalves, Nadia P., et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Is Independent From Schwann Cell p75(NTR) Expression
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1662-5102. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schwann cell reprogramming and differentiation are crucial prerequisites for neuronal regeneration and re-myelination to occur following injury to peripheral nerves. The neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) has been identified as a positive modulator for Schwann cell myelination during development and implicated in promoting nerve regeneration after injury. However, most studies base this conclusion on results obtained from complete p75(NTR) knockout mouse models and cannot dissect the specific role of p75(NTR) expressed by Schwann cells. In this present study, a conditional knockout model selectively deleting p75(NTR) expression in Schwann cells was generated, where p75(NTR) expression is replaced with that of an mCherry reporter. Silencing of Schwann cell p75(NTR) expression was confirmed in the sciatic nerve in vivo and in vitro, without altering axonal expression of p75(NTR). No difference in sciatic nerve myelination during development or following sciatic nerve crush injury was observed, as determined by quantification of both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fiber densities, myelinated axonal diameter and myelin thickness. However, the absence of Schwann cell p75(NTR) reduced motor nerve conduction velocity after crush injury. Our data indicate that the absence of Schwann cell p75(NTR) expression in vivo is not critical for axonal regrowth or remyelination following sciatic nerve crush injury, but does play a key role in functional recovery. Overall, this represents the first step in redefining the role of p75(NTR) in the peripheral nervous system, suggesting that the Schwann cell-axon unit functions as a syncytium, with the previous published involvement of p75(NTR) in remyelination most likely depending on axonal/neuronal p75(NTR) and/or mutual glial-axonal interactions.
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| 8. |
- ODonnell, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Psychological Science. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1745-6916 .- 1745-6924. ; 13:2, s. 268-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998) reported that participants primed with a category associated with intelligence (professor) subsequently performed 13% better on a trivia test than participants primed with a category associated with a lack of intelligence (soccer hooligans). In two unpublished replications of this study designed to verify the appropriate testing procedures, Dijksterhuis, van Knippenberg, and Holland observed a smaller difference between conditions (2%-3%) as well as a gender difference: Men showed the effect (9.3% and 7.6%), but women did not (0.3% and -0.3%). The procedure used in those replications served as the basis for this multilab Registered Replication Report. A total of 40 laboratories collected data for this project, and 23 of these laboratories met all inclusion criteria. Here we report the meta-analytic results for those 23 direct replications (total N = 4,493), which tested whether performance on a 30-item general-knowledge trivia task differed between these two priming conditions (results of supplementary analyses of the data from all 40 labs, N = 6,454, are also reported). We observed no overall difference in trivia performance between participants primed with the professor category and those primed with the hooligan category (0.14%) and no moderation by gender.
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| 9. |
- Pietras, Zuzanna, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Production and characterisation of modularly deuterated UBE2D1-Ub conjugate by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Biophysics Journal. - : Springer. - 0175-7571 .- 1432-1017. ; 51, s. 569-577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This structural study exploits the possibility to use modular protein deuteration to facilitate the study of ubiquitin signalling, transfer, and modification. A protein conjugation reaction is used to combine protonated E2 enzyme with deuterated ubiquitin for small angle X-ray and neutron scattering with neutron contrast variation. The combined biomolecules stay as a monodisperse system during data collection in both protonated and deuterated buffers indicating long stability of the E2-Ub conjugate. With multiphase ab initio shape restoration and rigid body modelling, we reconstructed the shape of a E2-Ub-conjugated complex of UBE2D1 linked to ubiquitin via an isopeptide bond. Solution X-ray and neutron scattering data for this E2-Ub conjugate in the absence of E3 jointly indicate an ensemble of open and backbent states, with a preference for the latter in solution. The approach of combining protonated and labelled proteins can be used for solution studies to assess localization and movement of ubiquitin and could be widely applied to modular Ub systems in general.
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| 10. |
- Speakman, John R., et al.
(författare)
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Total daily energy expenditure has declined over the past three decades due to declining basal expenditure, not reduced activity expenditure
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Metabolism. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2522-5812. ; 5:4, s. 579-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Obesity is caused by a prolonged positive energy balance(1,2). Whether reduced energy expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes is debated(3,4). Here we show that in both sexes, total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure increased over time. We use the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labelled Water database on energy expenditure of adults in the United States and Europe (n = 4,799) to explore patterns in total (TEE: n = 4,799), basal (BEE: n = 1,432) and physical activity energy expenditure (n = 1,432) over time. In males, adjusted BEE decreased significantly, but in females this did not reach significance. A larger dataset of basal metabolic rate (equivalent to BEE) measurements of 9,912 adults across 163 studies spanning 100 years replicates the decline in BEE in both sexes. We conclude that increasing obesity in the United States/Europe has probably not been fuelled by reduced physical activity leading to lowered TEE. We identify here a decline in adjusted BEE as a previously unrecognized factor.
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