| 1. |
- Mahout, G., et al.
(författare)
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Irradiation studies of multimode optical fibres for use in ATLAS front-end links
- 2000
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 446:3, s. 426-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The radiation tolerance of three multimode optical fibres has been investigated to establish their suitability for the use in the front-end data links of the ATLAS experiment. Both gamma and neutron irradiation studies are reported. A step-index fibre with a pure silica core showed an induced attenuation of similar to 0.05 dB/m at 330 kGy(Si) and 1 x 10(15) n(1 MeV Si)/cm(2) and is suitable for use with the inner detector links which operate at 40-80 Mb/s. A graded-index fibre with a predominantly germanium-doped core exhibits an induced attenuation of similar to 0.1 dB/m at 800 Gy(Si) and 2 x 10(13) n(1 MeV Si)/cm(2) and is suitable for the calorimeter links which operate at 1.6 Gb/s. Measurements of the dose rate dependence of the induced attenuation indicate that the attenuation in ATLAS will be lower.
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| 2. |
- Andrieux, M. L., et al.
(författare)
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Single-event upset studies of a high-speed digital optical data link
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 456:3, s. 342-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results from a series of neutron and photon irradiation tests of a high-speed digital optical data link based on a commercial serialiser and a vertical cavity surface emitting laser are described. The link was developed as a candidate for the front-end readout of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter. The components at the emitting end of the link were unaffected by neutron and photon irradiation levels exceeding those expected during 10 years of LHC running. However, the link suffered from Single-Event Upsets (SEUs) when irradiated with energetic neutrons. A very general method based on the Burst Generation Rate (BGR) model has been developed and is used to extrapolate the error rate observed during tests to that expected at the LHC. A model-independent extrapolation was used to check the BGR approach and the results were consistent once systematic errors were taken into account.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ye, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Design for 2D anisotropic photonic crystal with large absolute band gaps by using a genetic algorithm
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6028 .- 1434-6036. ; 37:4, s. 417-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 2-state genetic algorithm (GA) approach is used to design a two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic photonic crystal of square lattice with a maximal absolute band gap. The unit cell is devided equally into many small squares, and each filling pattern of squares with two dielectric materials corresponds to a binary number. As a numerical example, the GA gives a 2D Te structure with a relative width of the absolute band gap of about 23%. After a further optimization, a new structure is obtained with a relative width of the absolute band gap of about 28%.
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