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| 2. |
- He, Wen, et al.
(författare)
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Metal Ti quantum chain-inlaid 2D NaSn2(PO4)3/H-doped hard carbon hybrid electrodes with ultrahigh energy storage density
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the development of a new hybrid electrode that allows for a reinforcing combination of different energy storage mechanisms, providing enhanced energy and power densities. This hybrid electrode is composed of chain-like metal titanium (zero valency state) quantum dots (< 10 nm), two-dimension NaSn2(PO4)(3) layer and H-doped hard carbon layer, and possesses unique sandwich and hierarchically meso-macroporous structures. These chain-like quantum dots are inlaid on the edge of ultra-thin NaSn2(PO4)(3) nanosheets by using a convenient and economic method, enhancing its conductivity. This design takes advantage of the unique properties of each component and nanostructure, resulting in synergistic effects to improve the charge transfer and energy storage. The hybrid electrode not only shows high capacity, outstanding rate performance and long cycling stability, but also matches well with porous Na3V2(PO4)(3) cathode. Remarkably, the Na/Li mixed-ion full battery exhibits significant improvements on the energy and power densities (555 Wh Kg(-1)/804 W Kg(-1) at 1C). Detailed charge storage mechanism investigation reveals that the prelithiation reduces the pseudocapacitive of hybrid electrode and increases its battery behavior, resulting in an ultrahigh energy storage density. Our findings demonstrate that this hybrid electrode is a new potential candidate for high-performance mixed-ion batteries.
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| 3. |
- Lv, Fei, et al.
(författare)
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Ultraviolet-cured polyethylene oxide-based composite electrolyte enabling stable cycling of lithium battery at low temperature
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 596, s. 257-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The room and low-temperature performances of solid-state lithium batteries are crucial to expand their practical application. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) has received great attention as the most representative polymer electrolyte matrix. However, most PEO-based solid-state batteries need to operate at high temperature due to low room temperature ionic conductivity. Improving the ionic conductivity by adding plasticizers or reducing the crystallinity of PEO often compromises its mechanical strength. Here, an amorphous PEO-based composite solid-state electrolyte is obtained by ultraviolet (UV) polymerizing PEO and methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (KH570)-modified SiO2 which demonstrates both satisfactory mechanical performance and high ionic conductivity at room (3.37 x 10(-4) S cm(-1)) and low temperatures (1.73 x 10(-4) S cm(-1) at 0 degrees C). In this electrolyte, the crystallinity of PEO is reduced through cross-linking, and therefore provides a fast Li+ ions transfer area. Moreover, the KH570-modified SiO2 inorganic particles promote the dissociation of lithium salts by Lewis acid centers to increase the ionic conductivity. Importantly, this kind of cross-linking networks endows the final electrolyte much higher mechanical strength than the pure PEO polymer electrolyte or PEO-inorganic filler blended systems. The solid-state LiFePO4/Li cell assembled with this electrolyte exhibits excellent cycling performance and high capacity at room and low temperatures.
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| 4. |
- Zhao, Xue, et al.
(författare)
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Copper confined in vesicle-like BCN cavities promotes electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia in water
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 9:41, s. 23675-23686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemical methods to convert high-concentration nitrates present in sewage into high-value-added ammonia do not just alleviate the problem of environmental pollution but also provide less energy-intensive alternatives to the Haber-Bosch process. In this work, a metal-boron organic polymer precursor was annealed at high temperature to obtain copper nanoparticles encapsulated in a vesicle-like BCN matrix (BCN@Cu). In the electrochemical reduction of nitrate (E-NIRR), this species exhibited excellent catalytic activity. Specifically, the ammonia yields of BCN@Cu under applied potentials of -0.3 V, -0.4 V, -0.5 V, and -0.6 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode were 271.1 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), 354.8 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), 435.6 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), and 576.2 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), respectively, and the corresponding Faraday efficiencies were 86.3%, 88.0%, 89.3%, and 88.9%. Isotope labeling experiments with (NO3-)-N-15 confirmed that the detected ammonia had originated from the electrochemical reduction of NO3- on the catalyst surface. Moreover, the E-NIRR activity of BCN@Cu remained high even after using it ten consecutive times or 20 h of continuous operation, suggesting the practicality of the industrial application of BCN@Cu. The presence of copper was key in determining BCN@Cus E-NIRR activity, while the presence of boron greatly improved its catalytic performance. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations indicated that BCN does not itself promote the reaction but rather assists the dispersion of Cu nanoparticles, thereby expanding the catalysts active surface area.
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| 5. |
- Cheng, Shi-Ping, et al.
(författare)
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Haplotype-resolved genome assembly and allele-specific gene expression in cultivated ginger
- 2021
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Ingår i: Horticulture Research. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-7276. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the most valued spice plants worldwide; it is prized for its culinary and folk medicinal applications and is therefore of high economic and cultural importance. Here, we present a haplotype-resolved, chromosome-scale assembly for diploid ginger anchored to 11 pseudochromosome pairs with a total length of 3.1 Gb. Remarkable structural variation was identified between haplotypes, and two inversions larger than 15 Mb on chromosome 4 may be associated with ginger infertility. We performed a comprehensive, spatiotemporal, genome-wide analysis of allelic expression patterns, revealing that most alleles are coordinately expressed. The alleles that exhibited the largest differences in expression showed closer proximity to transposable elements, greater coding sequence divergence, more relaxed selection pressure, and more transcription factor binding site differences. We also predicted the transcription factors potentially regulating 6-gingerol biosynthesis. Our allele-aware assembly provides a powerful platform for future functional genomics, molecular breeding, and genome editing in ginger.
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| 6. |
- Grant, Luke, et al.
(författare)
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Attribution of global lake systems change to anthropogenic forcing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Geoscience. - : Springer Nature. - 1752-0894 .- 1752-0908. ; 14:11, s. 849-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lake ecosystems are jeopardized by the impacts of climate change on ice seasonality and water temperatures. Yet historical simulations have not been used to formally attribute changes in lake ice and temperature to anthropogenic drivers. In addition, future projections of these properties are limited to individual lakes or global simulations from single lake models. Here we uncover the human imprint on lakes worldwide using hindcasts and projections from five lake models. Reanalysed trends in lake temperature and ice cover in recent decades are extremely unlikely to be explained by pre-industrial climate variability alone. Ice-cover trends in reanalysis are consistent with lake model simulations under historical conditions, providing attribution of lake changes to anthropogenic climate change. Moreover, lake temperature, ice thickness and duration scale robustly with global mean air temperature across future climate scenarios (+0.9 °C °Cair–1, –0.033 m °Cair–1 and –9.7 d °Cair–1, respectively). These impacts would profoundly alter the functioning of lake ecosystems and the services they provide.
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| 7. |
- Jia, Kai-Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Chromosome-scale assembly and evolution of the tetraploid Salvia splendens (Lamiaceae) genome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Horticulture Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2052-7276 .- 2662-6810. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyploidization plays a key role in plant evolution, but the forces driving the fate of homoeologs in polyploid genomes, i.e., paralogs resulting from a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event, remain to be elucidated. Here, we present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of tetraploid scarlet sage (Salvia splendens), one of the most diverse ornamental plants. We found evidence for three WGD events following an older WGD event shared by most eudicots (the γ event). A comprehensive, spatiotemporal, genome-wide analysis of homoeologs from the most recent WGD unveiled expression asymmetries, which could be associated with genomic rearrangements, transposable element proximity discrepancies, coding sequence variation, selection pressure, and transcription factor binding site differences. The observed differences between homoeologs may reflect the first step toward sub- and/or neofunctionalization. This assembly provides a powerful tool for understanding WGD and gene and genome evolution and is useful in developing functional genomics and genetic engineering strategies for scarlet sage and other Lamiaceae species.
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| 8. |
- Ma, Jiang, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating hollandite-perovskite composite ceramics as a potential waste form for immobilization of radioactive cesium and strontium
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Nature. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 56:16, s. 9644-9654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ceramic matrix containing zirconolite, hollandite, and perovskite phases is proposed as a potential host for HLW immobilization. Hollandite phase principally immobilizes Cs, while perovskite phase mainly immobilizes Sr. In this study, hollandite–perovskite composite ceramics are considered as a specialized waste form for immobilizing the separated Cs and Sr from HLW streams and synthesized by a solid-state reaction method at 1300 °C for 5 h. The phase compositions of the synthesized composites were characterized by XRD and BSE. The XRD results indicated that the as-prepared ceramics are composed of tetragonal hollandite Ba0.8Cs0.4Al2Ti6O16, cubic perovskite SrTiO3, alongside a lesser amount of TiO2. The BSE—EDX results confirm that Cs partitions into the hollandite matrix, while Sr incorporates into perovskite host with homogenous distribution. In addition, aqueous durability testing was carried out using the MCC-1 static leach test method. The normalized release rates of Cs and Sr in HP-3 sample (i.e., 75 wt% Ba0.8Cs0.4Al2Ti6O16 + 25 wt% SrTiO3) were < 10−2 g·m−2·d−1 after 42 days, exhibiting excellent chemical durability. These results indicate that the hollandite–perovskite ceramic matrix could be considered as a customized host matrix for immobilization of the separated Cs and Sr from HLW streams.
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