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- Fan, Chuan-Wen, et al.
(författare)
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Expression profile, molecular functions, and prognostic significance of miRNAs in primary colorectal cancer stem cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: Aging. - : Impact Journals LLC. - 1945-4589 .- 1945-4589. ; 13:8, s. 12067-12085
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to drive the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) via the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs). We studied the miRNA expression profile of primary CSCs isolated from patients with CRC (pCRCSCs). Compared to pCRCSC-derived differentiated cells, 98 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in pCRCSCs. Target genes encoding pCRCSC-related miRNAs were identified using a combination of miRNA target databases and miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks from the same patient. The pCRCSC-related miRNA target genes were associated with pathways contributing to malignant phenotypes, including I-kappa B kinase/NF-kappa B signaling, signal transduction by p53 class mediator, Ras signaling, and cGMP-PKG signaling. The pCRCSC-related miRNA expression signature was independently associated with poor overall survival in both the training and validation cohorts. We have thus identified several pCRCSC-related miRNAs with oncogenic potential that could serve as prognostic biomarkers for CRC.
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| 3. |
- Jiang, S., et al.
(författare)
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Micromechanical behavior of multilayered Ti/Nb composites processed by accumulative roll bonding : An in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterophase interfaces play a crucial role in deformation microstructures and thus govern mechanical properties of multilayered composites. Here, we fabricated Ti/Nb multilayers by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) where shear bands became predominant with increasing rolling cycles. To explore correlation between micromechanical behavior and mechanical properties of the composites with various lamellar morphologies, in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction tensile tests were performed. The results quantitatively reveal that the rapid strengthening of the composites with increasing ARB cycles mainly originates from the Nb layers strengthened by dislocations, grain boundaries and heterophase interfaces, and the {211} grains mostly contribute to the global strain hardening. The softer Ti grains also extend global strain hardening to a wide range and postpone necking. Furthermore, complete stress state analysis show that in the presence of extensive shear bands, significant load partitioning between the neighboring metals leads to triaxial stresses in each constituent and dislocations tend to slip along the shear direction. This promotes dislocation multiplication and motion, which is conducive to overall strength enhancement while maintaining a satisfactory ductility. These findings elucidate the effect of strong constraints of the interfaces on mechanical properties, which provides a fundamental understanding of load partitioning and strengthening mechanisms of the multilayers processed by multiple ARB cycles.
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| 4. |
- Zhao, Xue, et al.
(författare)
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Copper confined in vesicle-like BCN cavities promotes electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia in water
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 9:41, s. 23675-23686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemical methods to convert high-concentration nitrates present in sewage into high-value-added ammonia do not just alleviate the problem of environmental pollution but also provide less energy-intensive alternatives to the Haber-Bosch process. In this work, a metal-boron organic polymer precursor was annealed at high temperature to obtain copper nanoparticles encapsulated in a vesicle-like BCN matrix (BCN@Cu). In the electrochemical reduction of nitrate (E-NIRR), this species exhibited excellent catalytic activity. Specifically, the ammonia yields of BCN@Cu under applied potentials of -0.3 V, -0.4 V, -0.5 V, and -0.6 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode were 271.1 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), 354.8 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), 435.6 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), and 576.2 mu mol h(-1) mg(cat.)(-1), respectively, and the corresponding Faraday efficiencies were 86.3%, 88.0%, 89.3%, and 88.9%. Isotope labeling experiments with (NO3-)-N-15 confirmed that the detected ammonia had originated from the electrochemical reduction of NO3- on the catalyst surface. Moreover, the E-NIRR activity of BCN@Cu remained high even after using it ten consecutive times or 20 h of continuous operation, suggesting the practicality of the industrial application of BCN@Cu. The presence of copper was key in determining BCN@Cus E-NIRR activity, while the presence of boron greatly improved its catalytic performance. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations indicated that BCN does not itself promote the reaction but rather assists the dispersion of Cu nanoparticles, thereby expanding the catalysts active surface area.
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