| 1. |
- Al Karim, Miftah, et al.
(författare)
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Synchrophasor-based data mining for power system fault analysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT Europe), 2012 3rd IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on. - : IEEE. - 9781467325974 ; , s. 6465843-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phasor measurement units can provide high resolution and synchronized power system data, which can be effectively utilized for the implementation of data mining techniques. Data mining, based on pattern recognition algorithms can be of significant help for power system analysis, as high definition data is often complex to comprehend. In this paper three pattern recognition algorithms are applied to perform the data mining tasks. The deployment is carried out firstly for fault data classification, secondly for checking which faults are occurring more frequently and thirdly for identifying the root cause of a fault by clustering the parameters behind each scenario. For such purposes three algorithms are chosen, k-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayes and the k-means Clustering.
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| 2. |
- Babazadeh, Davood, et al.
(författare)
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A Platform for Wide Area Monitoring and Control System ICT Analysis and Development
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 IEEE Grenoble Conference PowerTech, POWERTECH 2013. - : IEEE. - 9781467356695
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PMU-based Wide Area Monitoring and Control(WAMC) system is introduced to improve the monitoring ofpower grid across large geographic areas and control the gridusing more efficient and smart applications. The performance ofWAMC applications in real power system scenarios and impactof their supporting Information and Communication Technology(ICT) on the data quality can be quantified and analyzed bypseudo-real co-simulation test beds. The purpose of this study isto propose and develop a WAMC testing platform to facilitate thereal-time simulation of dynamic power grid, the ICTinfrastructure that overlays the grid and WAMS applications.The platform consists of OPNET, a powerful communicationnetwork emulator, connected to a real-time power systemsimulator through virtualized PMU device. The end pointstations such as Phasor Data Concentrator or PMU-basedapplications are also linked to the platform through OPNET’sreal-simulation gateway called SITL (System-In-The-Loop). Toassess the performance of the platform architecture, a case studyhas been performed with five PMUs which collect the data from apower model and deliver to PMU-based mode-estimationapplication over a typical communication network. In this study,the results explicitly intend to quantify the effect of networkprotocols on data delay.
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| 3. |
- Babazadeh, Davood, et al.
(författare)
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Real-Time Smart Grid Application Testing using OPNET SITL
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phasor -based Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) system promise to improve the monitoring of power grid across large geographic areas and accordingly controlling grid in more efficient and intelligent ways. In order to have confidence on the correctness, performance and reliability of applications used in WAMC system in real world scenarios, pseudo-real test beds where the requirements for the applications and their supporting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be quantified and analyzed. In this paper, a WAMC system testing platform is proposed to facilitate the real-time simulation of dynamic power grid, the ICT infrastructure that overlays the grid and WAMC applications. The proposed platform consists of OPNET as a powerful communication network simulator connected to real-time power system simulator on one side through virtualized Phasor Measurement Unit device, and linked to end point stations such as Phasor Data Concentrator or application on the other side through OPNET’s real-simulation gateway. A set of proof of concept scenarios using this framework is presented.
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| 4. |
- Björkman, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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SCADA system architectures
- 2010
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of deliverable 2.3 in the VIKING is to catalogue architecture patterns or reference architectures, i.e. commonly deployed solutions, for SCADA systems. These patterns are represented as a set of descriptions that capture the vast majority of SCADA systems’ architecture on a high level. The patterns developed in this report focus on: - Software services in SCADA systems and software services which SCADA systems exchange data with. - Data flows among these services. - How services are placed in different security zones (network zones). The purpose of the SCADA architecture patterns is to clarify how SCADA systems are commonly designed by employing a stringent model framework. Internal in the project the SCADA patterns will be used to develop SCADA system design models that reflect some typical systems deployed in industry. These models will be used in other work packages and deliverables in the VIKING project.
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| 5. |
- Chenine, Moustafa, et al.
(författare)
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Survey on Priorities and Communication Requirements for PMU-based Applications in the Nordic Region
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech. - : IEEE. - 9781424422340 ; , s. 1183-1190
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phasor based Wide Area Monitoring and Control Systems (WAMC) promise to offer more accurate and timely data on the state of the power system, thus, increasing the possibilities to manage the system at a more efficient and responsive level and apply wide area control and protection schemes. This paper presents results of a survey on communications and technical requirements for applications based on Phasor Measurement Units (PMU). The survey was carried out in the Nordic Region with participants from Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and researchers. The survey focused on documenting the stage of research and development among TSOs and researchers in the Nordic Region, as well as, their plans and visions for the future. This includes planned PMU deployments and prioritization of PMU based applications. Furthermore, a significant part of the survey was an elicitation of communication requirements for applications based on PMU data. In the paper, an examination of the time requirements for these applications in terms of delays and samples per second and comparison similar published specifications is provided.
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| 6. |
- Nordström, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Information and communication system architectures for wide-area monitoring and control applications
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a review of work performed in the field of communication systems requirements for wide area monitoring and control applications. This includes studies performed both in the context of NASPI, the North American Syncrophasor Initiative, as well as other studies in the US and Europe. Presently a relatively large body of work has been done regarding the requirements on the communication infrastructure. Among the work included, are surveys among Transmission System Operators on the foreseen communication requirements, as well as other theoretical studies on acceptable delays and other performance characteristics, such as data loss, that Wide Area Control applications put on the Information and Communication System. Much of the above referenced work still needs verification either though experimental work or through simulations. It is especially important to simulate large scale communication infrastructures that consider background traffic under different operational conditions in the power system, such as under disturbances. The paper is concluded with some remarks on future direction of work within the field.
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| 7. |
- Wu, Yiming, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Framework incorporating synchronized phasor data for power system operation and control
- 2012
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Ingår i: The 9th IET International Conference on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology. - 9781849197434
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This position paper presents initial research and investigation on a unified framework combining two independent systems, the legacy SCADA system and the synchronized phasor data system, that share the same measurement sources, i.e., current and voltage transducers and the same communication medium. In this framework, conventional SCADA system coupled with substation automation system are modeled together with synchronized phasor systems. The contribution of this paper also includes a state-of–the-art survey of topics related to the proposed architectures. Furthermore, an overview of the data flows between substation and control centers including both SCADA and phasor measurements are presented. Taking into consideration the growing interest in communication and automation standardization this paper also addresses the communication between the substations coupled with relevant standards and technology.
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| 8. |
- Zhu, Kun, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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An Empirical Study of Synchrophasor Communication Delay in a Utility TCP/IP Network
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2194-5756 .- 1553-779X. ; 14:4, s. 341-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there is a plethora of literature dealing with Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) communication delay, there has not been any effort to generalize empirical delay results by identifying the distributions with the best fit. The existing studies typically assume a distribution, or simply build on analogies to communication network routing delay. Specifically, this study provides insight into the characterization of the communication delay of both unprocessed PMU data and synchrophasors sorted by a Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC). The results suggest that a bi-modal distribution containing two normal distributions offers the best fit of the delay of the unprocessed data, whereas the delay profile of the sorted synchrophasors resembles a normal. Based on these results, the possibility of evaluating the reliability of a synchrophasor application with respect to a particular choice of PDC timeout is discussed.
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| 9. |
- Zhu, Kun, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of data quality issues in wide area monitoring and control systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 IREP Symposium - Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - VIII, IREP2010. - Rio de Janeiro. - 9781424474677
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synchronized phasor measurement based Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) system is becoming a reality with international research and development both in academia and industry. Timely and accurate data with high resolutions holds great promise for more responsible and advanced grid control and operation. Currently, most of the research focuses on the different control schemes and applications. A relatively less addressed aspect is the dependency of the WAMC system on the performance of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, without whose support the projected functionalities of the WAMC systems will not be achieved. Possible input delay brought by the complex data transfer and processing processes in WAMC systems are presented at the beginning of this paper. Thereafter, simulations where delayed phasor measurements are fed to a typical WAMC application - Static Var Compensation (SVC) are conducted iteratively to detect its maximum tolerated delay. Based on this maximum tolerated delay, the consequences of missing certain data in the phaor packets have been studied. Furthermore, data quality requirements to design a reliable SVC function are analyzed based on simulation results. In conjunction with the requirement discussion, the paper is concluded by proposing a robust ICT architecture to mitigate the aforementioned data quality issues.
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| 10. |
- Zhu, Kun, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of phasor data latency in wide area monitoring and control systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC 2010. - Capetown. - 9781424468263
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Synchronized phasor measurement based Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) system is becoming a reality within international research and development both in academia and industry. Timely and accurate data with high resolutions holds great promise for more responsible and advanced grid control and operation. Currently, most of the research focuses on the different control schemes and applications. A relatively less addressed aspect is the dependency of the WAMC system on the performance of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, without whose support the projected functionalities of the WAMC systems will be not achieved. Possible delays brought by the complex data transfer and processing processes in WAMC systems are addressed in the first part of this paper. Thereafter, simulations where delayed Phasor measurements are fed to the Static Var Compensator (SVC) are conducted iteratively to detect its maximum tolerated delay. Furthermore, performance requirements for the centralized computation and control actuation are researched and analyzed based on simulation results. It also includes a study on feasibility of compensations using local signal based Power System Stablizers (PSS) in situations with much phasor data delay. The paper is concluded by suggesting ICT architecture for WAMC systems aiming to improve its robustness.
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