| 1. |
- Andersen, Flemming, et al.
(author)
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Reduced content of chloroatranol and atranol in oak moss absolute significantly reduces the elicitation potential of this fragrance material
- 2015
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In: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 72:2, s. 75-83
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundOak moss absolute, an extract from the lichen Evernia prunastri, is a valued perfume ingredient but contains extreme allergens. ObjectivesTo compare the elicitation properties of two preparations of oak moss absolute: classic oak moss', the historically used preparation, and new oak moss', with reduced contents of the major allergens atranol and chloroatranol. Patients/materials/methodsThe two preparations were compared in randomized double-blinded repeated open application tests and serial dilution patch tests in 30 oak moss-sensitive volunteers and 30 non-allergic control subjects. ResultsIn both test models, new oak moss elicited significantly less allergic contact dermatitis in oak moss-sensitive subjects than classic oak moss. The control subjects did not react to either of the preparations. ConclusionsNew oak moss is still a fragrance allergen, but elicits less allergic contact dermatitis in previously oak moss-sensitized individuals, suggesting that new oak moss is less allergenic to non-sensitized individuals.
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| 2. |
- Muris, Joris, et al.
(author)
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Sensitization to palladium in Europe
- 2015
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In: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 72:1, s. 11-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundRecently, sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2PdCl4) was found to be a more sensitive palladium patch test allergen than palladium dichloride (PdCl2). ObjectivesTo determine the optimal test concentration of Na2PdCl4, to evaluate the prevalence of palladium sensitization with Na2PdCl4 and PdCl2, and to compare the results with nickel sensitization in a European multicentre study. Materials and methodsIn addition to the European or national baseline series including NiSO(4)6H(2)0 5% pet., consecutive patients were tested with PdCl2 and Na2PdCl4 2%, 3% and 4% pet. in eight European dermatology clinics. The age and sex distributions were also evaluated in patients sensitized to nickel and palladium. ResultsIn total, 1651 patients were tested. Relative to 3% Na2PdCl4, 4% Na2PdCl4 did not add any information. Two per cent Na2PdCl4 resulted in more doubtful reactions and showed suboptimal reactivity. The prevalence of palladium sensitization doubled with Na2PdCl4 and was similar to that of nickel. Interestingly, in contrast to nickel sensitization, palladium sensitization was not related to female sex. ConclusionsThree per cent Na2PdCl4 pet. is the most suitable patch test concentration. Sensitization to palladium is almost as prevalent as sensitization to nickel. The sex distribution is different between nickel-sensitized and palladium-sensitized patients, suggesting different sources of exposure.
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| 3. |
- Pongpairoj, Korbkarn, et al.
(author)
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Proposed ICDRG Classification of the Clinical Presentation of Contact Allergy
- 2016
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In: Dermatitis. - 1710-3568. ; 27:5, s. 248-258
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The International Contact Dermatitis Research Group proposes a classification for the clinical presentation of contact allergy. The classification is based primarily on the mode of clinical presentation. The categories are direct exposure/contact dermatitis, mimicking or exacerbation of preexisting eczema, multifactorial dermatitis including allergic contact dermatitis, by proxy, mimicking angioedema, airborne contact dermatitis, photo-induced contact dermatitis, systemic contact dermatitis, noneczematous contact dermatitis, contact urticaria, protein contact dermatitis, respiratory/mucosal symptoms, oral contact dermatitis, erythroderma/exfoliative dermatitis, minor forms of presentation, and extracutaneous manifestations.
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