| 1. |
- Demichelis, F., et al.
(författare)
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TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion associated with lethal prostate cancer in a watchful waiting cohort
- 2007
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - Basingstoke : Nature Publ. Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 26:31, s. 4596-4599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The identification of the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion in prostate cancer suggests that distinct molecular subtypes may define risk for disease progression. In surgical series, TMPRSS2:ERG fusion was identified in 50% of the tumors. Here, we report on a population-based cohort of men with localized prostate cancers followed by expectant (watchful waiting) therapy with 15% (17/111) TMPRSS2:ERG fusion. We identified a statistically significant association between TMPRSS2:ERG fusion and prostate cancer specific death (cumulative incidence ratio=2.7, P<0.01, 95% confidence interval=1.3–5.8). Quantitative reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reaction demonstrated high estrogen-regulated gene (ERG) expression to be associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion (P<0.005). These data suggest that TMPRSS2:ERG fusion prostate cancers may have a more aggressive phenotype, possibly mediated through increased ERG expression.
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| 2. |
- Erneman, J., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison between quantitative metallography and modeling of sigma-phase particle growth in AISI 347 stainless steel
- 2005
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Ingår i: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1073-5623 .- 1543-1940. ; 36A:10, s. 2595-2600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comparison was made between two experimental methods to determine the (T-phase volume fraction and three methods to model a-phase growth in a niobium-stabilized stainless steel (AISI 347). The a-phase volume fraction and precipitate size were determined in material statically aged and creep deformed at 700 degrees C with both KOH etched specimens using bright field optical microscopy (OM/BF) (conventional method) and specimens etched with oxalic acid using scanning electron microscopy and backscattered electrons (SEM/BSE) (new method). Both experimental methods used manual thresholding together with digital image analysis. The calculations were made with DICTRA software, using both the TCFE database and the SSOL database with some modification concerning the effect of silicon on the stability of sigma-phase particles. The modeled sigma-phase volume- fractions showed rather good agreement with the measured results from statically aged material using the new method. It was found that the stabilizing effect of silicon on sigma phase should be included in the thermodynamic database used for modeling.
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| 3. |
- Erneman, J., et al.
(författare)
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The evolution of primary and secondary niobium carbonitrides in AISI 347 stainless steel during manufacturing and long-term ageing
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 54:1, s. 67-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nb(C,N) precipitates were studied in a niobium-stabilised stainless steel (AISI 347) statically aged at 700 degrees C. Scanning electron microscopy and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy were used to determine the volume fraction and precipitate size of primary and secondary Nb(C,N) after ageing times between 0 and 70,000 h. The experimental data were correlated with simulations of Nb(C,N) formation based on the assumption that the process is controlled by diffusion. These simulations provide a rationale for the existence of two sets of mobium carbonitrides in commercial tubes of AISI 347. Growth of primary Nb(C,N) occurred essentially during manufacturing, with no significant growth at 700 degrees C. Rapid dissolution and re-precipitation of secondary Nb(C,N) occurred during manufacturing. Coarsening at 700 degrees C of secondary particles was modelled using the Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner theory, which overestimated the coarsening rate. These problems were overcome with a model developed by the authors. This model takes both growth and coarsening into account.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bensch, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Selection for Heterozygosity Gives Hope to a Wild Population of Inbred Wolves
- 2006
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 1:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent analyses have questioned the usefulness of heterozygosity estimates as measures of the inbreeding coefficient (f ), a finding that may have dramatic consequences for the management of endangered populations. We confirm that f and heterozygosity is poorly correlated in a wild and highly inbred wolf population. Yet, our data show that for each level of f, it was the most heterozygous wolves that established themselves as breeders, a selection process that seems to have decelerated the loss of heterozygosity in the population despite a steady increase of f. The markers contributing to the positive relationship between heterozygosity and breeding success were found to be located on different chromosomes, but there was a substantial amount of linkage disequilibrium in the population, indicating that the markers are reflecting heterozygosity over relatively wide genomic regions. Following our results we recommend that management programs of endangered populations include estimates of both f and heterozygosity, as they may contribute with complementary information about population viability.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Katterer, T., et al.
(författare)
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Pedotransfer functions for estimating plant available water and bulk density in Swedish agricultural soils
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica - Section B. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 56:4, s. 263-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to estimate plant available water were developed from a database of arable soils in Sweden. The PTFs were developed to fulfil the minimum requirements of any agro-hydrological application, i.e., soil water content at wilting point (theta(wp)) and field capacity (theta(fc)),from information that frequently is available from soil surveys such as texture and soil organic carbon content (SOC). From the same variables we also estimated bulk density (rho) and porosity (epsilon), which seldom are included in surveys, but are needed for calculating element mass balances. The seven particle-size classes given in the data set were aggregated in different ways to match information commonly gained from surveys. Analysis of covariance and stepwise multiple linear regression were used for quantifying the influence of depth, particle size class, textural class and soil organic carbon on the characteristic variables. PTFs developed from other data sets were also tested and their goodness-of-fit and bias was evaluated. These functions and those developed for the Swedish database were also tested on an independent data set and finally ranked according to their goodness of fit. Among single independent variables, clay was the best predictor for theta(wp), sand ( or the sum of clay and silt) for theta(fc) and SOC for rho and epsilon. A large fraction of the variation in theta(wp) and theta(fc) is explained by soil texture and SOC ( up to 90%) and root mean square errors (RMSEs) were as small as 0.03 m(3) water m(-3) soil in the best models. For the prediction of rho and epsilon in the test data set, the best PTF could only explain 40-43% of the total variance with corresponding RMSEs of 0.14 g cm(-3) and 5.3% by volume, respectively. Recently presented PTFs derived from a North American database performed very well for estimating theta(wp) ( low error and bias) and could be recommended for Swedish soils if measurements of clay, sand and SOC were available. Although somewhat less accurately, also theta(fc) could be estimated satisfactorily. This indicates that the determination of plant available water by texture and SOC is rather independent of soil genesis and that certain PTFs are transferable between continents.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Liberg, O, et al.
(författare)
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Severe inbreeding depression in a wild wolf (Canis lupus) population
- 2005
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Ingår i: Biology letters. - : The Royal Society. - 1744-9561 .- 1744-957X. ; 1:1, s. 17-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The difficulty of obtaining pedigrees for wild populations has hampered the possibility of demonstrating inbreeding depression in nature. In a small, naturally restored, wild population of grey wolves in Scandinavia, founded in 1983, we constructed a pedigree for 24 of the 28 breeding pairs established in the period 1983-2002. Ancestry for the breeding animals was determined through a combination of field data (snow tracking and radio telemetry) and DNA microsatellite analysis. The population was founded by only three individuals. The inbreeding coefficient F varied between 0.00 and 0.41 for wolves born during the study period. The number of surviving pups per litter during their first winter after birth was strongly correlated with inbreeding coefficients of pups (R-2 = 0. 39, p < 0.00 1). This inbreeding depression was recalculated to match standard estimates of lethal equivalents (213), corresponding to 6.04 (2.58-9.48, 95% CI) litter-size-reducing equivalents in this wolf population.
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