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- Green, P G, et al.
(författare)
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Sex steroid regulation of the inflammatory response : Sympathoadrenal dependence in the female rat
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 19, s. 4082-4089
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the role of sex steroids in sex differences in the response of rats to the potent inflammatory mediator bradykinin (BK), we evaluated the effect of sex steroid manipulation on the magnitude of BK-induced synovial plasma extravasation (PE). The magnitude of BK-induced PE is markedly less in females. Ovariectomy of female rats increased BK-induced PE, and administration of 17 beta-estradiol to ovariectomized female rats reconstituted the female phenotype. Castration in male rats decreased BK-induced PE, and administration of testosterone or its nonmetabolizable analog dihydrotestosterone reconstituted the male phenotype. The results of these experiments strongly support the role of both male and female sex steroids in sex differences in the inflammatory response. Because the stress axes are sexually dimorphic and are important in the regulation of the inflammatory response, we evaluated the contribution of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and the sympathoadrenal axes to sex differences in BK-induced PE. Neither hypophysectomy nor inhibition of corticosteroid synthesis affected BK-induced PE in female or male rats. Adrenal denervation in females produced the same magnitude increase in BK-induced PE as adrenalectomy or ovariectomy, suggesting that the adrenal medullary factor(s) in females may account for the female sex steroid effect on BK-induced PE. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that in female but not male rats, estrogen receptor a! immunoreactivity is present on medullary but not cortical cells in the adrenal gland. These data suggest that regulation of the inflammatory response by female sex steroids is strongly dependent on the sympathoadrenal axis, possibly by its action on estrogen receptors on adrenal medullary cells.
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- Uddhammar, A, et al.
(författare)
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Antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, enteroviruses and respiratory syncytial virus in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica
- 1997
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. - 0392-856X .- 1593-098X. ; 15:3, s. 299-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the association between the onset of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and prior or persistent infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae or cytomegalovirus (CMV), (both known to infect the vessel wall) enteroviruses (EV) or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Methods: Serum samples were collected from 48 patients with newly-diagnosed PMR and from 22 controls of the same age. The presence of IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to C. pneumoniae, IgG and IgM antibodies to CMV and EV, and complement fixing antibodies to RSV were analysed. Results: Clinical symptoms of infection preceding PMR symptoms were associated with the presence of synovitis at the first visit. There were no significant differences in the seroprevalence rates of antibodies to C. pneumoniae, CMV, EV or RSV between PMR patients and controls. IgM antibodies to EV were found in two patients and IgM antibodies to CMV in another two patients. Conclusion: Serological evidence of an association between newly-diagnosed PMR and prior or chronic infection with C. pneumoniae was not found. IgM antibodies to EV in two patients, consistent with ongoing or recent infection, suggest that EV could represent one of perhaps several microbes which are able to trigger PMR.
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- Westermark, T, et al.
(författare)
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Increase in bombesin-like peptides in the spinal cord after dexamethasone treatment of adrenalectomized rats
- 1999
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Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 275:3, s. 179-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential influence of corticosteroids on the bombesin (BN)-like peptide family is unknown. Therefore, the effects of adrenalectomy (ADX) on the nervous system of Sprague-Dawley rats, some of them being treated with high doses of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX), were investigated. After 8-10 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and tissues were prepared for radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunohistochemical examination. We found an increase in BN-like immunoreactivity in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord in the ADX + DEX animals. This increase was confirmed by RIA (P < 0.05). The observations show that the expression of BN-like peptides is influenced by glucocorticoids. The altered levels of BN-like peptides may be related to the trophic and antinociceptive effects previously reported for these peptides. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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