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- Fernandes, P. B., et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamic modeling of the Nb-Si system
- 2002
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Ingår i: Intermetallics (Barking). - 0966-9795 .- 1879-0216. ; 10:10, s. 993-999
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimized coefficients of the Gibbs free energy expression for each stable phase of the binary Nb-Si have been obtained, using the Thermo-Calc program for this purpose. The Nb3Si, alphaNb(5)Si(3), NbSi2 and Diamond (Si) have been modeled as stoichiometric phases and the liquid L, BCC (Nb) and the betaNb(5)Si(3) phases as solutions, with the excess term described using the Redlich-Kister formalism. The Si solubility in the betaNb(5)Si(3) phase has been modeled according to two possibilities: (i) Si substituting for Nb and (ii) vacancies in the Nb positions. The calculated diagrams compare well with the experimental information taken from the literature.
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- Tett, P, et al.
(författare)
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Eutrophication and some European waters of restricted exchange
- 2003
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Ingår i: Continental Shelf Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-4343. ; 23:17-19, s. 1635-1671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regions of Restricted Exchange (RREs) are an important feature of the European coastline. They are historically preferred sites for human settlement and aquaculture and their ecosystems, and consequent human use, may be at risk from eutrophication. The OAERRE project (EVK3-CT1999-0002) concerns ‘Oceanographic Applications to Eutrophication in Regions of Restricted Exchange’. It began in July 2000, and studies six sites. Four of these sites are fjords: Kongsfjorden (west coast of Spitzbergen); Gullmaren (Skagerrak coast of Sweden); Himmerfjärden (Baltic coast of Sweden); and the Firth of Clyde (west coast of Scotland). Two are bays sheltered by sand bars: Golfe de Fos (French Mediterranean); and Ria Formosa (Portuguese Algarve). Together they exemplify a range of hydrographic and enrichment conditions. The project aims to understand the physical, biogeochemical and biological processes, and their interactions, that determine the trophic status of these coastal marine RRE through the development of simple screening models to define, predict and assess eutrophication. This paper introduces the sites and describes the component parts of a basic screening model and its application to each site using historical data. The model forms the starting point for the OAERRE project and views an RRE as a well-mixed box, exchanging with the sea at a daily rate E determined by physical processes, and converting nutrient to phytoplankton chlorophyll at a fixed yield q. It thus uses nutrient levels to estimate maximum biomass; these preliminary results are discussed in relation to objective criteria used to assess trophic status. The influence of factors such as grazing and vertical mixing on key parameters in the screening model are further studied using simulations of a complex ‘research’ model for the Firth of Clyde. The future development of screening models in general and within OAERRE in particular is discussed. In addition, the paper looks ahead with a broad discussion of progress in the scientific understanding of eutrophication and the legal and socio-economic issues that need to be taken into account in managing the trophic status of RREs.
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- Fernandes, Oswaldo J. C. B., et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic factors for the survival of surgically treated patients for non-small cell lung cancer
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - Oslo, Norway : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 42:4, s. 338-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The survival and outcome rates of 284 patients who underwent surgical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer were assessed retrospectively. Resectability rate was 94.1%, hospital mortality 3.9% (n = 11) and the mortality rates in patients who underwent pneumonectomy or lobectomy were 8.9% and 0.6%, respectively. The overall 5-year survival was 43.6%. Female gender, earlier stages of disease and a complete resection were strongly predictive for a long-term survival. Women in stage IA disease had a 5-year survival rate of 92.7%. The 5-year survival rate for patients in stages IIIA and N2 disease who underwent a complete resection was 21.9%, and 9% for those who did not undergo a complete resection. It is concluded that the best surgical results were observed in women who were operated on at an early stage of disease. A complete resection also contributed to a better outcome, even for patients in stage IIIA and N2 disease.
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