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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Frost D.) srt2:(2000-2004)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Frost D.) > (2000-2004)

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1.
  • Fischler, H., et al. (författare)
  • Concept mapping as a tool for research in science education
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Research in Science Education - Past, Present, and Future. - 0792367553
  • Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • In recent years concept mapping has become a powerful tool that is frequently applied in different contexts in science education. There are still, however, questions and problems that arise when researchers in science education begin to design concept map formats and search for appropriate methods of analysis. In a symposium, five research groups from different countries shared experiences of using concept maps and hence provided some answers to the questions and some illumination of the problems.
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2.
  • Frost, B.-M., et al. (författare)
  • Vincristine in childhood leukaemia : No pharmacokinetic rationale for dose reduction in adolescents
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 92:5, s. 551-557
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim: To investigate whether there is any pharmacokinetic rationale for the common practice of administering vincristine to adolescents at relatively lower doses than those to younger children. Methods: A total of 98 children, aged 1.3-17.3 y, with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) were studied on day 1 of induction therapy. Plasma samples were drawn before and 10, 30, 360 and 1380 min after injection of vincristine 2.0 mg/m2 (maximum dose 2.0 mg) and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The median value (and range) for distribution half-life was 6.4 min (0.8-11.8), elimination half-life 1014 min (258-2570), volume of distribution 445 L/m 2 (137-1241) and total body clearance 362 ml/min/m2 (134-2553). No correlation was found between age and any of these pharmacokinetic parameters. The area under the concentration time curve (AUC) was significantly correlated to age (p = 0.002, ?-0.31), as expected from the dosage of vincristine. The lower AUC in children with a body surface area > 1 m2, which is reached at 8-9 y of age, indicates that they received a less intense treatment because of the capping of the vincristine dose at 2.0 mg. Conclusions: Vincristine pharmacokinetics were not age dependent in this paediatric population. Thus, we found no pharmacokinetic rationale for dose reduction in adolescents. The common practice of limiting the vincristine dose to 2.0 mg should be carefully reconsidered.
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4.
  • Jiang, J. Z., et al. (författare)
  • Compressibility and thermal expansion of cubic silicon nitride
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter). - 0163-1829. ; 65:16, s. 1612021-1612024
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The compressibility and thermal expansion of the cubic silicon nitride (c-Si3N4) phase have been investigated by performing in situ x-ray powder-diffraction measurements using synchrotron radiation, complemented with computer simulations by means of first-principles calculations. The bulk compressibility of the c-Si3N4 phase originates from the average of both Si-N tetrahedral and octahedral compressibilities where the octahedral polyhedra are less compressible than the tetrahedral ones. The origin of the unit cell expansion is revealed to be due to the increase of the octahedral Si-N and N-N bond lengths with temperature, while the lengths for the tetrahedral Si-N and N-N bonds remain almost unchanged in the temperature range 295-1075 K.
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5.
  • Moreno, TMC, et al. (författare)
  • Deletion of the Ink4-locus (the p16ink4a, p14ARF and p15ink4b genes) predicts relapse in children with ALL treated according to the Nordic protocols NOPHO-86 and NOPHO-92
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 16, s. 2037-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Inactivation of the Ink4 gene locus locus on 9p comprising the tumour suppressor gene p16ink4a and its neighbours p14ARF and p15ink4b is common in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), but the prognostic significance is controversial. DNA from 230 patients was retrospectively analysed by Southern blotting, single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing techniques. The results were correlated with clinical characteristics and outcome. One hundred and ninety-four fully analysed patients, similarly treated using the Nordic NOPHO-86 or the current NOPHO-92 protocols, were included in the outcome analysis. Deletions approached a minimally deleted region between the p16ink4a and p15ink4b genes, making the p14ARF gene the most commonly deleted coding sequence. Bi-allelic deletion was associated with high white blood cell count (WBC) (P < 0.001), T cell phenotype (P < 0.001) and mediastinal mass (P < 0.001). Patients with Ink4 locus bi-allelic deletions had an inferior pEFS (P < 0.01) and multivariate analysis indicated that bi-allelic deletion of the p16ink4a and the p14ARF genes was an independent prognostic risk factor (P < 0.05). Sub-group analysis revealed a pronounced impact of deletion status for high-risk patients, ie with high WBC. Deletion-status and clinical risk criteria (WBC) could thus be combined to further differentiate risk within the high-risk group. The analysis of the Ink4 locus adds independent prognostic information in childhood ALL treated by Nordic protocols and may help in selection of patients for alternative treatment.
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