| 1. |
- Crona, Beatrice, et al.
(författare)
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The Anthropocene reality of financial risk
- 2021
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 4:5, s. 618-628
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globally, financial services are well positioned to contribute to the transformation needed for sustainable futures and will be critical for supporting corporate activities that regenerate and promote biosphere resilience as a key strategy to confront the new risk landscape of the Anthropocene. While current financial risk frameworks focus primarily on financial materiality and risks to the financial sector, failure to account for investment externalities will aggravate climate and other environmental change and set current sustainable finance initiatives off course. This article unpacks the cognitive disconnect in financial risk frameworks between environmental and financial risk. Through analysis of environmental, social, and governance ratings and estimates of global green investments, we exemplify how the cognitive disconnect around risk plays out in practice. We discuss what this means for the ability of society at large, and finance in particular, to deliver on sustainability ambitions and global goals.
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| 2. |
- Folke, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Our future in the Anthropocene biosphere
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 50:4, s. 834-869
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed an interconnected and tightly coupled globalized world in rapid change. This article sets the scientific stage for understanding and responding to such change for global sustainability and resilient societies. We provide a systemic overview of the current situation where people and nature are dynamically intertwined and embedded in the biosphere, placing shocks and extreme events as part of this dynamic; humanity has become the major force in shaping the future of the Earth system as a whole; and the scale and pace of the human dimension have caused climate change, rapid loss of biodiversity, growing inequalities, and loss of resilience to deal with uncertainty and surprise. Taken together, human actions are challenging the biosphere foundation for a prosperous development of civilizations. The Anthropocene reality-of rising system-wide turbulence-calls for transformative change towards sustainable futures. Emerging technologies, social innovations, broader shifts in cultural repertoires, as well as a diverse portfolio of active stewardship of human actions in support of a resilient biosphere are highlighted as essential parts of such transformations.
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| 3. |
- Galaz, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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AI i klimatets tjänst : en kartläggning av svensk kompetens i ett internationellt perspektiv
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Klimatutmaningen ställer mycket stora krav på samhället. I takt med att klimatförändringarnas effekter blir allt tydligare genom bland annat omfattande skogsbränder, smältande havsisar, och extremoväder, så får klimatfrågan också allt större uppmärksamhet i det offentliga samtalet, hos beslutsfattare, och inom näringsliv och civilsamhälle. Teknikutvecklingen har alltid varit viktig i diskussionen om klimatfrågans orsaker och lösningar, liksom för forskning om hållbar utveckling i stort. I takt med att artificiell intelligens (AI) sett en språngvis utveckling och dess tillämpningar tycks öka på flera samhällsområden, så ökar också intresset för hur AI kan bidra till att tackla klimatutmaningen i alla dess dimensioner - från grundläggande klimatforskning, till klimatanpassning och klimatinnovation. Följande rapport, AI i klimatets tjänst, ger en överblick av potentialen hos AI för klimatutmaningen. Rapporten presenterar också en kartläggning av potentialen för Sverige att bli internationellt ledande inom detta område. Analysen bygger på en litteraturöversikt, intervjuer, en enkätundersökning och en systematisk genomgång av klimatrelaterad AI-forskning i Sverige och utomlands. Resultaten är på intet sätt slutgiltiga, utan ger en överblicksbild av ett snabbt växande område. Vi hoppas att rapporten ska kunna fungera som ett första diskussionsunderlag för de myndigheter, företag, forskare och andra som är intresserade av att vidareutveckla potentialen hos AI-tekniker och deras användning för klimatutmaningen.
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| 4. |
- Galaz, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial intelligence, systemic risks, and sustainability
- 2021
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Ingår i: Technology in society. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-791X .- 1879-3274. ; 67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automated decision making and predictive analytics through artificial intelligence, in combination with rapid progress in technologies such as sensor technology and robotics are likely to change the way individuals, communities, governments and private actors perceive and respond to climate and ecological change. Methods based on various forms of artificial intelligence are already today being applied in a number of research fields related to climate change and environmental monitoring. Investments into applications of these technologies in agriculture, forestry and the extraction of marine resources also seem to be increasing rapidly. Despite a growing interest in, and deployment of AI-technologies in domains critical for sustainability, few have explored possible systemic risks in depth. This article offers a global overview of the progress of such technologies in sectors with high impact potential for sustainability like farming, forestry and the extraction of marine resources. We also identify possible systemic risks in these domains including a) algorithmic bias and allocative harms; b) unequal access and benefits; c) cascading failures and external disruptions, and d) trade-offs between efficiency and resilience. We explore these emerging risks, identify critical questions, and discuss the limitations of current governance mechanisms in addressing AI sustainability risks in these sectors.
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