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- Tubert-Jeannin, S., et al.
(författare)
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O-Health-Edu : Advancing oral health : A vision for dental education
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 30:s5, s. V764-V764
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The prevalence and burden of untreated oral diseases throughout the life course remains high worldwide, and inequalities in oral health and dental care are increasing. This is a major public health issue that is not being enough addressed by the health care systems. To better manage populations' oral health, oral health professionals must be trained to adapt to population needs and societal and technological changes. Furthermore, dental institutions must fulfill their social responsibility by prioritizing educational and research activities that promote advancing individual and community health. In Europe, great variability exists between dental programs within the same country or between countries. This variability is an issue as European graduates can practice around the European Union through mutual recognition of their qualifications. This might lead to inequities in the availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health services. The convergence of competencies and quality standards at the international level must thus be better clearly identified, defined and improved. The purpose of the O-Health-Edu, EU funded project, “Advancing Oral Health: A vision for Dental Education” is thus to assess the current situation concerning the oral health professionals' education (OHP) and to identify educational priorities so that future graduating OHPs have competencies aligned with emerging population needs. The project is supported within the KA203 - “Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices - Strategic Partnerships for higher education” Erasmus program. It began in October 2019 for three years, with eight European university partners and the ADEE (Association for Dental Education in Europe). The firsts steps consist of a scoping review to identify the available information followed by a questionnaire survey to gather more comprehensive data so that to build an opened data source, and a glossary of dental education terms.Key messages Few Information about the current situation of dental education in Europe.Graduates must be equipped with adequate competencies to face populations needs.
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| 3. |
- Weiller, Florent, et al.
(författare)
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Overexpression of VviPGIP1 and NtCAD14 in Tobacco Screened Using Glycan Microarrays Reveals Cell Wall Reorganisation in the Absence of Fungal Infection
- 2020
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Ingår i: Vaccines. - : MDPI. - 2076-393X. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expression of Vitis vinifera polygalacturonase inhibiting protein 1 (VviPGIP1) in Nicotiana tabacum has been linked to modifications at the cell wall level. Previous investigations have shown an upregulation of the lignin biosynthesis pathway and reorganisation of arabinoxyloglucan composition. This suggests cell wall tightening occurs, which may be linked to defence priming responses. The present study used a screening approach to test four VviPGIP1 and four NtCAD14 overexpressing transgenic lines for cell wall alterations. Overexpressing the tobacco-derived cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (NtCAD14) gene is known to increase lignin biosynthesis and deposition. These lines, particularly PGIP1 expressing plants, have been shown to lead to a decrease in susceptibility towards grey rot fungus Botrytis cinerea. In this study the aim was to investigate the cell wall modulations that occurred prior to infection, which should highlight potential priming phenomena and phenotypes. Leaf lignin composition and relative concentration of constituent monolignols were evaluated using pyrolysis gas chromatography. Significant concentrations of lignin were deposited in the stems but not the leaves of NtCAD14 overexpressing plants. Furthermore, no significant changes in monolignol composition were found between transgenic and wild type plants. The polysaccharide modifications were quantified using gas chromatography (GC–MS) of constituent monosaccharides. The major leaf polysaccharide and cell wall protein components were evaluated using comprehensive microarray polymer profiling (CoMPP). The most significant changes appeared at the polysaccharide and protein level. The pectin fraction of the transgenic lines had subtle variations in patterning for methylesterification epitopes for both VviPGIP1 and NtCAD14 transgenic lines versus wild type. Pectin esterification levels have been linked to pathogen defence in the past. The most marked changes occurred in glycoprotein abundance for both the VviPGIP1 and NtCAD14 lines. Epitopes for arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and extensins were notably altered in transgenic NtCAD14 tobacco
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