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- Barnett, M.R., et al.
(författare)
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Role of grain boundary sliding in the anisotropy of magnesium alloys
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scripta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6462 .- 1872-8456. ; 61:3, s. 277-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plastic anisotropy of magnesium alloy sheet drops rapidly with test temperature. It has previously been suggested that this may be due to an increase in the activity of 〈c+a〉 dislocations. The present note points out that the phenomenon may result, instead, from the action of grain boundary sliding. This can explain the strong effect of grain size on anisotropy. Furthermore, it points to a new avenue for alloy development. © 2009 Acta Materialia Inc.
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- Hutchinson, Bevis, et al.
(författare)
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Deformation modes and anisotropy in magnesium alloy AZ31
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Materials Research - Zeitschrift für Metallkunde. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1862-5282 .- 2195-8556. ; 100:4, s. 556-563
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A strongly textured sheet of magnesium alloy AZ31 has been subjected to tensile testing at temperatures between ambient and 300 °C. Structures have been examined by optical and transmission electron microscopy and also by atomic force microscopy to quantify surface displacements seen at grain boundaries. Plastic anisotropy varies strongly with test temperature as was observed previously by Agnew and Duygulu. The present findings do not support the view that crystallographic becomes a major contributor to deformation at higher temperatures. Rather, the material behaviour reflects an increasing contribution from grain boundary sliding despite the relatively high strain rate (10-3 s-1 ) used in the mechanical tests. © Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG.
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- Johansson, L., et al.
(författare)
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Emotional Stroop via Internet among individuals with eating disorders : Personality and social sciences
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 49:1, s. 69-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated whether Stroop interference in eating disordered individuals for food - and body-related words, as repeatedly found previously using standard emotional Stroop tasks, would also be demonstrated when using an Internet based emotional Stroop task. Participants were anorexic women (n = 13), bulimic women (n = 20), non-clinically eating disordered women nevertheless over-concerned about eating and body appearance (n = 27) and normal control women (n = 31). Bulimic individuals showed Stroop interference for body-related words whereas anorexic individuals showed Stroop interference for food-related words. The present results thus suggest that administration of the emotional Stroop task is possible via the Internet. Furthermore, it is possible that the time consuming response delivery, relative to previous studies, could lead to Stroop interference only for the most emotionally significant information, in turn, differentiating between the core concerns of anorexic and bulimic individuals. © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 The Scandinavian Psychological Associations.
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- Olofsson, P. S., et al.
(författare)
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A functional interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphism influences atherosclerosis development - The interleukin-1β : Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist balance in atherosclerosis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Circulation Journal. - : Japanese Circulation Society,Nihon Junkanki Gakkai. - 1346-9843 .- 1347-4820. ; 73:8, s. 1531-1536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Interleukin (JL)-β plays a central role in inflammation and atherosclerosis, but levels of IL-1β, its natural antagonist, IL-1Ra, and their balance in human atherosclerotic lesions, are unknown. Knowledge of protein levels in atherosclerosis and the influence of a functional IL-1Rα polymorphism would increase the understanding of atherosclerosis pathogenesis.Methods and Results: Fresh and endotoxin-stimulated explanted human atherosclerotic and normal arteries were analyzed for IL-1β, IL-1Ra and IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) using TaqMan PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two hundred forty-three survivors of a first myocardial infarction were genotyped for a polymorphism in IL-1Ra and their coronary atherosclerosis analyzed by using coronary angiography. Levels of IL-1β, IL-1Ra and IL-1R1 mRNA were significantly increased in atherosclerotic arteries compared with normal arteries. Endotoxin stimulation increased IL-1β levels more than IL-1Ra levels (ie, promoted a pro-inflammatory state). A polymorphism in IL-1Ra known to increase levels of IL-1Ra was associated with decreased mean coronary artery plaque area.Conclusions: Activation of innate immunity changed the balance between IL-1β and IL-1Ra in atherosclerotic arteries towards a more pro-inflammatory state. In line with this, the presence of an IL-1Ra intron 2 polymorphism known to increase IL-1Ra levels, and possibly the IL-1Ra:IL-1β ratio, was associated with reduced coronary atherosclerosis.
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