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- Gaati, G, et al.
(författare)
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Revival of calcium-binding proteins for neuromorphology: secretagogin typifies distinct cell populations in the avian brain
- 2014
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Ingår i: Brain, behavior and evolution. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9743 .- 0006-8977. ; 83:2, s. 82-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the vertebrate nervous system, the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin and calretinin have been extensively used to elaborate the molecular diversity of neuronal subtypes. Secretagogin is a phylogenetically conserved Ca<sup>2+</sup>-binding protein, which marks neuronal populations largely distinct from other Ca<sup>2+</sup>-binding proteins in mammals. Whether secretagogin is expressed in nonmammalian vertebrates, particularly in birds, and, if so, with a brain cytoarchitectonic design different from that of mammals is unknown. Here, we show that secretagogin is already present in the hatchlings' brain with continued presence into adulthood. Secretagogin-immunoreactive neurons primarily accumulate in the olfactory bulb, septum, subpallial amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, habenular nuclei and deep layers of the optic tectum of adult domestic chicks <i>(Gallus domesticus)</i>. In the olfactory bulb, secretagogin labels periglomerular neurons as well as a cell continuum ascending dorsomedially, reaching the ventricular wall. Between the hippocampus and septal nuclei, the interconnecting thin septal tissue harbors secretagogin-immunoreactive neurons that contact the ventricular wall with their ramifying dendritic processes. Secretagogin is also present in the neuroendocrine hypothalamus, with particularly rich neuronal clusters seen in its suprachiasmatic and infundibular nuclei. Secretagogin expression identified a hitherto undescribed cell contingent along intratelencephalic cell-free laminae separating brain regions or marking the palliosubpallial boundary, as well as a dense neuronal population in the area corticoidea lateralis. In both the telencephalon and midbrain, secretagogin complemented the distribution of the canonical ‘neuronal' Ca<sup>2+</sup>-binding proteins. Our findings identify novel neuronal subtypes, connectivity patterns in brain areas functionally relevant to olfaction, orientation, behavior as well as endocrine functions, which will help refine existing concepts on the neuronal diversity and organizational principles of the avian brain.
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- Wardi Le Maitre, T., et al.
(författare)
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GALANIN RECEPTOR 2 OVEREXPRESSING MICE DISPLAY AN ANTIDEPRESSIVE-LIKE PHENOTYPE: POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF THE SUBICULUM
- 2011
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Ingår i: Neuroscience. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4522 .- 1873-7544. ; 190, s. 270-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The behavioral phenotype of a transgenic mouse overexpressing a galanin receptor 2 (GaIR2)-enhanced, green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-construct under the platelet-derived growth factor-B promoter, and of controls, was assessed in various behavioral tests, such as the Porsolt forced swim test, as well as the open field, elevated plus maze and passive avoidance tests. In addition, the distribution of GaIR2-EGFP expressing cell bodies and processes was studied in the brain of these mice using histochemical methods. Three age groups of the transgenic mice demonstrated decreased levels of immobility in the forced swim test, indicative of antidepressive-like behavior and/or increased stress resistance. Anxiety-like behaviors, measured in two different tests, did not differ between the GaIR2-overexpressing and the wild-type mice, nor did motor activity levels, emotional learning or memory behaviors. High levels of GaIR2 mRNA and protein expression were observed in the presubiculum, subiculum, cingulate cortex, retrosplenial granular and agranular cortices, subregions of prefrontal cortex, and the olfactory bulb, regions which are directly or indirectly implicated in depression-like behavior. These results may contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder and the role of GaIR2 in the regulation of mood, and suggest a potential therapeutic effect by targeting the GaIR2 for treatment of depressive disorders.
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