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- Brodin, N., et al.
(författare)
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Coaching patients with early rheumatoid arthritis to healthy physical activity : A multicenter, randomized, controlled study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - Hoboken, NJ : Wiley. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 59:3, s. 325-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To investigate the effect of a 1-year coaching program for healthy physical activity on perceived health status, body function, and activity limitation in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Methods. A total of 228 patients (169 women, 59 men, mean age 55 years, mean time since diagnosis 21 months) were randomized to 2 groups after assessments with the EuroQol visual analog scale (VAS), Grippit, Timed-Stands Test, Escola Paulista de Medicina Range of Motion scale, walking in a figure-of-8, a visual analog scale for pain, the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index, a self-reported physical activity questionnaire, and the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints. All patients were regularly seen by rheumatologists and underwent rehabilitation as prescribed. Those in the intervention group were further individually coached by a physical therapist to reach or maintain healthy physical activity (=30 minutes, moderately intensive activity, most days of the week). Results. The retention rates after 1 year were 82% in the intervention group and 85% in the control group. The percentages of individuals in the intervention and control groups fulfilling the requirements for healthy physical activity were similar before (47% versus 51%, P > 0.05) and after (54% versus 44%, P > 0.05) the intervention. Analyses of outcome variables indicated improvements in the intervention group over the control group in the EuroQol VAS (P = 0.025) and muscle strength (Timed-Stands Test, P = 0.000) (Grippit, P = 0.003), but not in any other variables assessed. Conclusion. A 1-year coaching program for healthy physical activity resulted in improved perceived health status and muscle strength, but the mechanisms remain unclear, as self-reported physical activity at healthy level did not change. © 2008, American College of Rheumatology.
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- Andersson Cederholm, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Tourists and Global Environmental Change: A Possible Scenario in Relation to Nature and Authenticity
- 2006
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Ingår i: Tourism and Global Environmental Change. - 041536132X ; , s. 293-304
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to discuss global environmental change (GEC) through the social construction of nature and notions of authenticity. We will discuss the social construction of nature in a specific context, namely that of different kinds of nature-based tourism. The argument will revolve around what we perceive as a shift in focus from the image of nature as thing to nature as experience, also expressed as a shift from nature as place to nature as globalised locality. We will sketch a development from “traditional” nature tourism practices and rhetoric to the formation of another cultural economy of nature in order to discuss possible effects of GEC on tourist phenomenologies. By structuring our analysis around three aspects of authenticity, we will argue that different nature tourism operators stress the non-essentialist, experiential image of nature, where the destination per se seems to have a secondary role. We further suggest that the non-essentialist and therefore fluid concept of authenticity in tourist experiences might be adaptable to perceptions of change on a global scale. We aim to interpret GEC, although encompassing potentially devastating processes in a great number of ways, as also being able to be incorporated in common discourses of tourist experiences.
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- Fang, C.M., et al.
(författare)
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General trend of the mechanical properties of the ternary carbides M3SiC2 (M=transition metal)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 74:5, s. 054106-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present results from first-principles calculations of ternary transition metal carbides in the M3SiC2 series (where M=early transition metal). We predict structural and mechanical properties of these new MN+1AXN phases. The bulk modulus of the ternary carbides, M3SiC2, are in the calculations found to be proportional to the bulk modulus of the corresponding binary carbides, MC. We have analyzed this behavior using a simple, nearest-neighbor bond model, as well as from first-principles total energy calculations and have found that it is caused by a considerably weaker M-Si bond compared to the M-C bond.
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- Gunnarsson Sarius, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemically based low-cost high precision processing in MOEMS packaging
- 2009
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 54:9, s. 2458-2465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precision processing in MOEMS (micro-opto-electromechanical systems) packaging has been studied based on electrochemical processes with the purpose of establishing technology for low-cost multifunctional encapsulation of microsystems and assembly of opto-electric access links in polymer. The electrochemically based processes studied in this paper include: 1. Electroforming of a polymer moulding tool (stamper) in a nickel sulphamate electrolyte on a highprecision 3D etched silicon template. 2. Patterning of 3D surfaces by an electrophoretic photoresist. 3. Precision plating of Au and Sn for self-alignment of chips by eutectic Au-Sn solder. The results show that nickel stampers with adequately low internal stress can be electroformed on 3D silicon wafers. Furthermore, 3D polymer samples manufactured by the nickel stampers can be patterned with metal lines down to 20 mu m width using electrophoretic photoresist. Finally, eutectic Au-Sn solder bumps are realized by electroplating of Au and Sn followed by reflowing, satisfying the demands on dimension and alloy composition control over a 4 in. Si wafer.
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