| 1. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Strategic environmental assessment methodologies : applications within the energy sector
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Environmental impact assessment review. - 0195-9255 .- 1873-6432. ; 23:1, s. 91-123
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a procedural tool and within the framework of SEA, several different types of analytical tools can be used in the assessment. Several analytical tools are presented and their relation to SEA is discussed including methods for future studies, Life Cycle Assessment, Risk Assessment, Economic Valuation and Multi-Attribute Approaches. A framework for the integration of some analytical tools in the SEA process is suggested. It is noted that the available analytical tools primarily cover some types of environmental impacts related to emissions of pollutants. Tools covering impacts on ecosystems and landscapes are more limited. The relation between application and choice of analytical tools is discussed. It is suggested that SEAs used to support a choice between different alternatives require more quantitative methods, whereas SEAs used to identify critical aspects and suggest mitigation strategies can suffice with more qualitative methods. The possible and desired degree of site-specificity in the assessment can also influence the choice of methods. It is also suggested that values and world views can be of importance for judging whether different types of tools and results are meaningful and useful. Since values and world views differ between different stakeholders, consultation and understanding are important to ensure credibility and relevance.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ahlin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Demand for local public schooling : another brick in the wall
- 2000
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we investigate the demand for local public school expenditures in Sweden. By using survey data, a method previously never applied to Swedish data, the paper provides an additional piece of evidence on individual demand for publicly provided local services. Estimating a linear demand specification, we find that the demand is inelastic with respect to income and tax, much in line with previous Swedish findings in a median voter framework. Estimation of a log-linear demand specification indicates more elastic demand. Testing the hypothesis that municipal employees tend to have a higher demand for public spending than others, we conclude that income, as well as taxprice, enters the demand function differently for the two groups of employees. We find no evidence of Tiebout sorting.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Arvidson, Sibylla, et al.
(författare)
-
Formgivning av elektronikinkapsling till personlyft
- 2003
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport avhandlar ett projekt inom kursen Industriell design vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Kursen kan sägas vara en generalrepetition inför examensarbetet för studenter på ingenjörsprogrammet Industriell design. Projektet genomförs på uppdrag av en av världens ledande tillverkare av personlyftar; Liko AB.Företagets har genomgående väldesignade produkter med en tydlig, egen profil. De elektroniska komponenterna med sin inkapsling köps dock in färdiga från en dansk underleverantör. Inkapslingen av dessa elektroniska komponenter har en formgivning som stämmer dåligt med personlyftarnas goda design och funktionalitet i övrigt. Dessutom använder de flesta av Likos konkurrenter identiska delar från samma leverantör. Kortfattat var uppdraget var att ta fram designkoncept för elektronikbox, batteriinkapsling och handkontroll samt laddare för väggmontering. I inledningen av projekttiden genomfördes ett omfattande underrättelsearbete för att klargöra vad som kan öka det upplevda värdet på en personlyft. Konkurrenter, inköpare och användare intervjuades. Produkter med liknade funktioner undersöktes. Med ledning av all den relevanta information som insamlats och struktuerats fastställdes de krav som det färdiga konceptet skulle uppfylla och de önskvärda egenskaper produkten skulle ha. Det kreativa arbetet, som inletts redan dag ett, intensifierades när målen var klara och resulterade i ett antal konceptförslag på de olika delarna. Dessa förslag utvärderades med akademiska metoder. De koncept som bäst motsvarade uppställda kriterier presenterades för uppdragsgivaren som bekräftade det rätta i vägvalet. Att presentera ett komplett koncept innebär också att den slutliga formen bestäms, specifika ytlösningar, materialval och detaljlösningar optimeras och visualiseras på bästa sätt. På detta stadium studerades många andra produkter med liknade delfunktioner eller liknande önskvärda uttryck. Den slutliga formbestämningen gjordes med hjälp av tredimensionella datormodeller, en tillförlitlig metod att prova ut olika lösningar på ett tidsbesparande sätt.När alla detaljer var bestämda byggdes fullskalemodeller av de ingående delarna i konceptet för att med säkerhet kunna fastställa att idéerna klarar ett möte med verkligheten. Delarna i det färdiga konceptet är, i kort-kort sammanfattning, en slank elektronikbox-batterienhet baserad på en gemensam aluminiumprofil, en ergonomisk handkontroll med kontaktlös laddning i sitt sladdlösa utförande och en diskret, elegant väggladdare. Allt med hög funktionalitet och ett formspråk i harmoni med uppdragsgivarens övriga produkter.
|
|
| 8. |
- Arvidsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Aspects of Organizational Psychology and Innovation in Air Traffic Control
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of the Swedish Centre for Aviation R&D, on Human Factors and Safety in Aviation. - 9197505803 ; , s. 14-21
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to adapt to new conditions that increasing air traffic volumes bring forward, the Swedish Air Navigation Services (ANS) is going through a process of change. In order to meet the new conditions it will be necessary to be more efficient in the work of handling the air traffic. New conditions bring forward new demands, not only on technology and methods used, but also on organizational structures and individual employees. The challenge is to make the adaptation in ways that do not affect the safety standards. The Swedish air traffic control, ATC centers in Malmö and Stockholm are adjusting their activity to meet the new situations in mainly two ways: a new team-based organization has recently been introduced and a new ATC system will soon be installed.
|
|
| 9. |
- Arvidsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Organisational climate and psychosocial work environment in air traffic control
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Book of abstracts of the 6th European Conference of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Air traffic control in Sweden is being studied in a joint long-term project between Lund University and the Swedish Air Navigation Services (ANS).The project aims to investigate how different organisational aspects such as organisational climate, team climate, leadership, psychosocial work environment and safety culture will be affected by ongoing organisational and technical changes. The basic research design comprises three studies, two prior to the introduction of a new air traffic control system and one after. This design has provided opportunities to compare the situation before and after the system introduction. The first and the second studies have been completed and the results concerning organisational climate and psychosocial work environment are the focus of this paper.
|
|
| 10. |
- Arvidsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Organizational climate in air traffic control
- 2002
-
Ingår i: European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology conference proceedings series. - 1473-0200. ; , s. 24-27
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A positive and innovative organizational climate is of great importance in order to manage and adapt to change. Such a climate seldom evolves in organizations closely governed by rules and regulations. Because of ongoing organizational and technical changes within the Swedish Air Navigation Services Provider, a study concerning the organizational climate for changes and innovations was conducted to investigate the organization’s capacity to cope with changes. Study locations were the two Swedish main air traffic control centers and parts of the civil aviation administration headquarters. 390 subjects took part in the study and the CCQ questionnaire was used to measure the organizational climate. The results show that the organizational climate is quite positive despite the rule governed work. The results also show that administrative personnel assess the organizational climate as more positive than operative personnel. Comparisons between management positions did not result in any differences.
|
|
