| 1. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Singh, Vijay Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Genetic Algorithm (GA) based hybrid machine learning-pedotransfer Function (ML-PTF) for prediction of spatial pattern of saturated hydraulic conductivity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1994-2060 .- 1997-003X. ; 16:1, s. 1082-1099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is an important soil characteristic that controls water moves through the soil. On the other hand, its measurement is difficult, time-consuming, and expensive; hence Pedotransfer Functions (PTFs) are commonly used for its estimation. Despite significant development over the years, the PTFs showed poor performance in predicting Ks. Using Genetic Algorithm (GA), two hybrid Machine Learning based PTFs (ML-PTF), i.e. a combination of GA with Multilayer Perceptron (MLP-GA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM-GA), were proposed in this study. We compared the performances of four machine learning algorithms for different sets of predictors. The predictor combination containing sand, clay, Field Capacity, and Wilting Point showed the highest accuracy for all the ML-PTFs. Among the ML-PTFs, the SVM-GA algorithm outperformed the rest of the PTFs. It was noticed that the SVM-GA PTF demonstrated higher efficiency than the MLP-GA algorithm. The reference model for hydraulic conductivity prediction was selected as the SVM-GA PTF paired with the K-5 predictor variables. The proposed PTFs were compared with 160 models from past literature. It was found that the algorithms advocated were an improvement over these PTFs. The current model would help in efficient spatio-temporal measurement of hydraulic conductivity using pre-available databases.
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| 3. |
- Kalkal, Ashish, et al.
(författare)
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Recent advances in 3D printing technologies for wearable (bio)sensors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Additive Manufacturing. - : ELSEVIER. - 2214-8604 .- 2214-7810. ; 46
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wearable (bio)sensors driven through emerging three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are currently considered the next-generation tools for various healthcare applications due to their exciting characteristics such as high stretchability, super flexibility, low cost, ultra-thinness, and lightweight. In this context, 3D printing, an emerging advanced additive manufacturing technology has revolutionized the concept of free form construction and end-user customization owing to its multifarious peculiarities that involve ease of operation, on-demand and rapid fabrication, precise and controlled deposition, as well as versatility with various soft functional materials. The customized functional structures with controllable geometry and design can be autonomously printed on the desired surfaces using the 3D printing technologies excluding the prerequisite amenities of microfabrication technologies. To accomplish this, both academics and industry experts have worked persistently to fabricate smaller, faster, and more efficient wearable devices using readily available 3D printing technologies. The contribution of 3D printing technologies in developing novel 3D structures for wearable applications using printable soft and functional materials is highlighted in this article. Moreover, the process of 3D printing along with major techniques, namely vat photopolymerization, material jetting, and material extrusion are summarized. Besides this, a number of 3D printed (bio)sensing platforms such as glucose sensors, lactate sensors, sweat sensors, strain sensors, tactile sensors, wearable oximeters, smart bandages, artificial skin, tattoo sensors, electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG) sensors, etc., are discussed in terms of design specifications and fabrication strategies of devices obtained via 3D printing techniques.
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| 4. |
- Mohanty, Swabhiman, et al.
(författare)
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In vivo intrinsic atomic interaction infer molecular eco-toxicity of industrial TiO(2 )nanoparticles via oxidative stress channelized steatosis and apoptosis in Paramecium caudatum
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. - : Elsevier. - 0147-6513 .- 1090-2414. ; 241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ecotoxicological effect of after-usage released TiO2 nanoparticles in aquatic resources has been a major concern owing to their production and utilization in different applications. Addressing the issue, this study investigates the detailed in vivo molecular toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles with Paramecium caudatum. TiO2 nano particles were synthesized at a lab scale using high energy ball milling technique; characterized for their physicochemical properties and investigated for their ecotoxicological impact on oxidative stress, steatosis, and apoptosis of cells through different biochemical analysis, flow cytometry, and fluorescent microscopy. TiO2 nanoparticles; TiO2 (N15); of size 36 +/- 12 nm were synthesized with a zeta potential of 20.2 +/- 8.8 mV and bandgap of 4.6 +/- 0.3 eV and exhibited a blue shift in UV-spectrum. Compared to the Bulk TiO2, the TiO2 (N15) exhibited higher cytotoxicity with a 24 h LC50 of 202.4 mu g/ml with P. Caudatum. The mechanism was elucidated as the size and charge-dependent internalization of nanoparticles leading to abnormal physiological metabolism in oxidative stress, steatosis, and apoptosis because of their influential effect on the activity of metabolic proteins like SOD, GSH, MDA, and catalase. The study emphasized the controlled usage TiO2 nanoparticles in daily activity with a concern for ecological and biomedical aspects.
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| 5. |
- Rai, Nilesh, et al.
(författare)
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Fungal Endophytes : an Accessible Source of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. - : Springer. - 0273-2289 .- 1559-0291. ; 194, s. 3296-3319
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endophytes either be bacteria, fungi, or actinomycetes colonize inside the tissue of host plants without showing any immediate negative effects on them. Among numerous natural alternative sources, fungal endophytes produce a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive metabolites including anticancer compounds. Considering the production of bioactive compounds in low quantity, genetic and physicochemical modification of the fungal endophytes is performed for the enhanced production of bioactive compounds. Presently, for the treatment of cancer, chemotherapy is majorly used, but the side effects of chemotherapy are of prime concern in clinical practices. Also, the drug-resistant properties of carcinoma cells, lack of cancer cells-specific medicine, and the side effects of drugs are the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment. The interminable requirement of potential drugs has encouraged researchers to seek alternatives to find novel bioactive compounds, and fungal endophytes seem to be a probable target for the discovery of anticancer drugs. The present review focuses a comprehensive literature on the major fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds which are presently been used for the management of cancer, biotic factors influencing the production of bioactive compounds and about the challenges in the field of fungal endophyte research.
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| 6. |
- Ganvir, Ashish, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of suspension characteristics on the performance of thermal barrier coatings deposited by suspension plasma spray
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ceramics International. - : Elsevier. - 0272-8842 .- 1873-3956. ; 47:1, s. 272-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the influence of suspension characteristics on microstructure and performance of suspensions plasma sprayed (SPS) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Five suspensions were produced using various suspension characteristics, namely, type of solvent and solid load content, and the resultant suspensions were utilized to deposit five different TBCs under identical processing conditions. The produced TBCs were evaluated for their performance i.e. thermal conductivity, thermal cyclic fatigue (TCF) and thermal shock (TS) lifetime. This experimental study revealed that the differences in the microstructure of SPS TBCs produced using varied suspensions resulted in a wide-ranging overall TBC performance. All TBCs exhibited thermal conductivity lower than 1 W/(m. K) except water-ethanol mixed suspension produced TBC. The TS lifetime was also affected to a large extent where 10 wt % solid loaded ethanol and 25 wt % solid loaded water suspensions produced TBCs exhibited the highest and the lowest lifetime, respectively. On the contrary, TCF lifetime was not as significantly affected as thermal conductivity and TS lifetime, and all ethanol suspensions showed marginally better TCF lifetime than water and ethanol-water mixed suspensions deposited TBCs. © 2020
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| 7. |
- Kasliwal, Mansi M., et al.
(författare)
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Kilonova Luminosity Function Constraints Based on Zwicky Transient Facility Searches for 13 Neutron Star Merger Triggers during O3
- 2020
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 905:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a systematic search for optical counterparts to 13 gravitational wave (GW) triggers involving at least one neutron star during LIGO/Virgo's third observing run (O3). We searched binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star black hole (NSBH) merger localizations with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and undertook follow-up with the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) collaboration. The GW triggers had a median localization area of 4480 deg(2), a median distance of 267 Mpc, and false-alarm rates ranging from 1.5 to 10(-25) yr(-1). The ZTF coverage in the g and r bands had a median enclosed probability of 39%, median depth of 20.8 mag, and median time lag between merger and the start of observations of 1.5 hr. The O3 follow-up by the GROWTH team comprised 340 UltraViolet/Optical/InfraRed (UVOIR) photometric points, 64 OIR spectra, and three radio images using 17 different telescopes. We find no promising kilonovae (radioactivity-powered counterparts), and we show how to convert the upper limits to constrain the underlying kilonova luminosity function. Initially, we assume that all GW triggers are bona fide astrophysical events regardless of false-alarm rate and that kilonovae accompanying BNS and NSBH mergers are drawn from a common population; later, we relax these assumptions. Assuming that all kilonovae are at least as luminous as the discovery magnitude of GW170817 (-16.1 mag), we calculate that our joint probability of detecting zero kilonovae is only 4.2%. If we assume that all kilonovae are brighter than -16.6 mag (the extrapolated peak magnitude of GW170817) and fade at a rate of 1 mag day(-1) (similar to GW170817), the joint probability of zero detections is 7%. If we separate the NSBH and BNS populations based on the online classifications, the joint probability of zero detections, assuming all kilonovae are brighter than -16.6 mag, is 9.7% for NSBH and 7.9% for BNS mergers. Moreover, no more than <57% (<89%) of putative kilonovae could be brighter than -16.6 mag assuming flat evolution (fading by 1 mag day(-1)) at the 90% confidence level. If we further take into account the online terrestrial probability for each GW trigger, we find that no more than <68% of putative kilonovae could be brighter than -16.6 mag. Comparing to model grids, we find that some kilonovae must have M-ej M, X-lan > 10(-4), or > 30 degrees to be consistent with our limits. We look forward to searches in the fourth GW observing run; even 17 neutron star mergers with only 50% coverage to a depth of -16 mag would constrain the maximum fraction of bright kilonovae to <25%.
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| 8. |
- Kumar, Ravinder, et al.
(författare)
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A Surface Modification Approach to Overcome Wetting Behavior of Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Droplets
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology. - 1941-0085 .- 1536-125X. ; 21, s. 158-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gallium based eutectic alloys are one of the promising substitutes for mercury. These alloys are nontoxic and environment friendly and have similar or equivalent properties as that of mercury. These alloys exhibit good electrical and thermal properties. However, these alloys form oxides when in contact with oxygen atoms. Due to this, the material surface tension changes, which renders them unsuitable for those applications where the mobility of the fluid is a valuable factor, such as in thermometers and blood pressure monitoring devices. There are few methods reported to remove the oxide layer from the surface of the gallium-based alloys, like acid and base treatment prior to use, but all these methods are not durable and long-lasting. Here in this work, we report gallium oxide coating as a simple approach to convert mercury manometer glass tube, which has glass as a substrate to a nonwetting surface against surface-oxidized gallium-based liquid metal alloys. These alloys form an oxidized layer in ambient air (O-2 >1 ppm) and show stickiness to almost all surfaces that impact the residue-free movement of the liquid metal droplets. Herein, the physical vapor deposition technique was used for gallium oxide coating on substrates such as silicon wafer and glass slide. Moreover, various characterizations were carried out to support our outcomes. This method does not require any micro/nano machining or specific nanoscale surface topology. The contact angle was measured with or without coated gallium oxide film on the glass substrate, and the static contact angle (c.a.) 137.69 degrees and with bared glass 94.30 degrees.
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| 9. |
- Rajput, Jitendra, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic and Socio-economic Analysis of Bhimsagar Irrigation Scheme
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ecology, Environment and Conservation. - India : EM International. - 0971-765X. ; 27:suppl., s. S320-S330
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Faulty operation and poor upkeep of irrigation infrastructures have caused low irrigation efficiency inmany major and medium schemes globally. Low performance is mainly caused due to poor physicalcondition and low maintenance. This study was done to carry out the diagnostic and socio-economic analysisof the Bhimsagar irrigation scheme. In the diagnostic analysis, operational problems in the entire canalnetwork of Bhimsagar irrigation project were assessed by conducting several field surveys and by holdingfarmers meeting. As agriculture developmental schemes in any area cause changes in the economic conditionof farmers. The socio-economic survey was undertaken on total of 600 families engaged in agriculture andcovering 3118 persons/farmers in the scheme’s entire command area. Results revealed that water deliveryand distribution system is not satisfactory. Head reach farmers utilize more water than the middle and tailend section without considering the actual crop water demand. Overall, irrigation efficiency was 27 %,emphasizing that current operational and maintenance policies should be changed to improve systemsperformance. Agriculture is the primary income source of people, and their living standard is inadequate.New technology adoption is rare due to poor education and knowledge on recent developments in agriculturetechnologies.
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| 10. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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